Effects of traditional Chinese medicine on symptoms of patients with spleen and stomach deficiency-related tinnitus

Table 1 Characteristics of patients

	Treatment group (n = 58)	Control group (n = 52)	P value1
Gender (M/F)	34/24	32/20	0.5412
Age (year)	63.3 ± 10.22	65.4 ± 8.15	0.532
Duration of tinnitus (month)	8.0 ± 5.4	8.2 ± 4.6	0.556
Hearing loss (yes/no)	29/21	30/20	0.1722
Sleep disturbance (yes/no)	46/12	43/10	0.0912
Poor dietary habits (yes/no)	38/20	34/18	0.3852
Spleen-stomach diseases (yes/no)	48/10	43/9	0.8912
TEQ	13.56 ± 2.88	12.78 ± 2.98	0.423
PSQI	10.5 ± 5.20	10.7 ± 4.82	0.361
DASS-21
Depression	10.17 ± 4.10	11.22 ± 5.53	0.475
Anxiety	9.05 ± 3.66	9.78 ± 4.32	0.197
Stress	12.51 ± 6.32	13.09 ± 5.76	0.061

¹Mann-Whitney U test.

²Fisher’s exact test.

M: Male; F:Female; TEQ: Tinnitus Evaluation Questionnaire; PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; DASS-21: Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale-21.

Table 2 Changes in major variables of the measurements before and after 6 months of treatment

	Treatment group (n = 58)		P value1	Control group (n = 52)		P value1	P value1
	Pre-test	Post-test		Pre-test	Post-test
TEQ score	13.56 ± 2.88	8.21 ± 2.54	0.021	12.78 ± 2.98	11.59 ± 3.77	0.046	0.020
I	6/58	23/58	0.008	5/52	10/52	0.012	0.042
II	28/58	17/58	0.027	25/52	23/52	0.57	0.003
III	19/58	13/58	0.042	16/52	14/52	0.095	0.021
IV	6/58	4/58	0.046	5/52	4/52	0.328	0.073
V	2/58	1/58	0.061	2/52	1/52	0.055	0.65
PSQI total score	10.95 ± 5.20	6.85 ± 4.56	0.043	10.07 ± 4.82	11.21 ± 6.34	0.945	0.038
DASS-21	31.12 ± 7.23	24.87 ± 6.35	0.003	32.21 ± 6.59	28.32 ± 6.66	0.043	0.032
Depression	10.17 ± 4.10	8.32 ± 3.98	0.027	11.22 ± 5.53	10.56 ± 4.23	0.543	0.045
Anxiety	9.05 ± 3.66	7.21 ± 2.54	0.011	9.78 ± 4.32	10.11 ± 5.54	0.842	0.019
Stress	12.51 ± 6.32	10.38 ± 4.78	0.045	13.09 ± 5.76	11.87 ± 4.65	0.065	0.076

¹Mann-Whitney U test.

TEQ: Tinnitus Evaluation Questionnaire; PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; DASS-21: Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale-21.