Effect of care intervention with a health education form for breastfeeding on breast distension, pain, and lactation in postpartum mothers

Table 1 Comparison of baseline data between two groups of patients, mean ± SD

Group	n	Age (years)	Pregnancy BMI (kg/m2)	Pregnancy week of delivery (weeks)	Pregnancy times	Newborn weight (g)	1-minute Apgar score	5-minute Apgar score	Natural/cesarean section
Intervention group	104	28.1 ± 2.9	28.50 ± 2.26	39.27 ± 0.94	1.78 ± 0.57	3114.2 ± 154.0	8.98 ± 0.48	9.23 ± 0.42	73/31
Control group	103	27.6 ± 3.3	28.58 ± 1.90	39.11 ± 1.10	1.72 ± 0.53	3158.1 ± 182.7	9.03 ± 0.47	9.24 ± 0.43	65/38
t/χ2		1.158	-0.276	1.125	0.784	-1.870	-0.757	-0.169	1.169
P value		0.248	0.783	0.262	0.434	0.063	0.450	0.866	0.280

BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Comparison of breast distension and pain scores and milk yield scores between the two groups, mean ± SD

Group	n	Breast pain score			Lactation score
		Before intervention	1 day after intervention	3 days after intervention	Before intervention	1 day after intervention	3 days after intervention
Intervention group	104	5.76 ± 0.79	4.42 ± 0.84a	2.01 ± 0.64a	1.02 ± 0.20	1.70 ± 0.48a	2.17 ± 0.38a
Control group	103	5.79 ± 0.88	4.53 ± 0.78a	2.66 ± 0.62a	1.01 ± 0.26	1.60 ± 0.51a	1.98 ± 0.42a
t		-0.258	-0.976	-7.421	0.310	1.453	3.414
P value		0.797	0.330	0.000	0.757	0.148	0.001

^aP < 0.05 vs before treatment.

Table 3 Comparison of Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale Short Form scores between the two groups, mean ± SD

Group	n	Before intervention	1 day after intervention	3 days after intervention
Intervention group	104	38.9 ± 6.3	54.3 ± 9.5a	61.0 ± 5.8a
Control group	103	39.4 ± 7.8	51.3 ± 8.9a	54.8 ± 9.4a
t		-0.508	2.344	5.717
P value		0.612	0.020	0.000

^aP < 0.05, vs before treatment.

Table 4 Comparison of breast feeding rates between the two groups, n (%)

Group	n	3 days after intervention	5 days after intervention	7 days after intervention
Intervention group	104	39 (37.50)	78 (75.00)	92 (88.46)
Control group	103	24 (23.30)	62 (60.19)	84 (81.55)
χ2		4.928	5.182	1.939
P value		0.026	0.023	0.164

Table 5 Comparison of therapeutic effects between the two groups, n (%)

Group	n	Cure	Valid	Invalid
Intervention group	104	62 (59.62)	33 (31.73)	9 (8.65)
Control group	103	44 (42.72)	43 (41.75)	16 (15.53)
Z		-2.508
P value		0.012

Table 6 Comparison of scores for mother-infant communication between the two groups, mean ± SD

Group	n	Parent-child communication		Environmental creation		Maternal-child interaction		Total score
		Before intervention	7 days after intervention	Before intervention	7 days after intervention	Before intervention	7 days after intervention	Before intervention	7 days after intervention
Intervention group	104	2.16 ± 0.55	3.06 ± 0.64a	2.50 ± 0.81	2.84 ± 0.78	2.81 ± 0.64	3.24 ± 0.60a	7.47 ± 1.44	9.14 ± 1.63a
Control group	103	2.25 ± 0.61	2.84 ± 0.72a	2.63 ± 0.76	2.76 ± 0.80	2.88 ± 0.73	3.03 ± 0.68	7.76 ± 1.51	8.63 ± 1.50a
t		-1.115	2.324	-1.191	0.728	-0.734	2.357	-1.414	2.342
P value		0.266	0.021	0.235	0.467	0.464	0.019	0.159	0.02

^aP < 0.05 vs before treatment.

Table 7 Comparison of complication rates between the two groups, n (%)

Group	n	Mammary duct occlusion	Acute mastitis	Complication rate
Intervention group	104	2	0	2 (1.92)
Control group	103	6	3	9 (8.74)
χ2				4.776
P value				0.029