Effects of systematic cardiac rehabilitation training in elderly patients with unstable angina following cardiac stent implantation

Table 1 Comparison of baseline data between the two groups

Group	n	Age (yr)	BMI (kg/m2)	Smoking	Drinking	Hypertension	Diabetes	Gender		Number of implanted stents (each)	Killip grading
								Male	Female		Grade I	Grade II
Rehabilitation group	54	73.0 ± 3.7	24.61 ± 2.02	22 (40.74)	26 (48.15)	29 (53.7)	13 (24.07)	34 (62.96)	20 (37.04)	1.43 ± 0.50	16 (29.63)	38 (70.37)
Conventional group	53	72.5 ± 3.4	24.84 ± 1.98	16 (30.19)	20 (37.74)	35 (66.04)	8 (15.09)	27 (50.94)	26 (49.06)	1.51 ± 0.51	21 (39.62)	32 (60.38)
t/χ2		0.727	-0.595	1.300	1.183	1.693	1.367	1.577		-0.819	1.181
P value		0.469	0.553	0.254	0.277	0.193	0.242	0.209		0.414	0.277

Table 2 Comparison of cardiopulmonary exercise function and echocardiographic indexes between the two groups (mean ± SD)

		Rehabilitation group	Conventional group	t	P value
VO2 Max (mL/kg/min)	Before the intervention	17.86 ± 2.90	16.99 ± 2.51	1.658	0.100
	After the intervention	21.46 ± 3.18a	19.99 ± 2.79a	2.540	0.013
AT (mL/kg/min)	Before the intervention	12.96 ± 2.49	13.60 ± 2.34	-1.370	0.174
	After the intervention	15.20 ± 2.29a	15.05 ± 2.79a	0.304	0.762
Maximum metabolic equivalents	Before the intervention	5.28 ± 0.96	5.33 ± 0.82	-0.289	0.773
	After the intervention	6.18 ± 0.93a	5.73 ± 0.77a	2.724	0.008
LVEF (%)	Before the intervention	44.63 ± 4.32	45.90 ± 3.32	-1.703	0.092
	After the intervention	53.65 ± 4.70a	51.21 ± 4.45a	2.757	0.007
LVEDD (mm)	Before the intervention	58.80 ± 5.68	57.00 ± 5.44	1.674	0.097
	After the intervention	68.72 ± 6.54a	65.36 ± 5.67a	2.837	0.005
LVESD (mm)	Before the intervention	48.11 ± 5.30	46.58 ± 4.50	1.608	0.111
	After the intervention	38.93 ± 3.82a	42.49 ± 4.62a	-4.347	0.000

^aP < 0.05 when compared with the group before intervention.

LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; LVEDD: Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVESD: Left ventricular end-systolic diameter.

Table 3 Comparison of Seattle Angina Questionnaire scores between the two groups (mean ± SD, points)

		Rehabilitation group	Conventional group	t	P value
The limitation of physical activity	Before the intervention	34.06 ± 4.55	33.76 ± 5.21	0.317	0.752
	After the intervention	44.84 ± 4.97a	40.87 ± 4.71a	4.240	0.000
Stable state of angina	Before the intervention	35.85 ± 5.22	37.85 ± 6.90	-1.693	0.093
	After the intervention	49.14 ± 5.87a	44.96 ± 6.46a	3.504	0.001
Frequency of angina attacks	Before the intervention	27.48 ± 6.02	27.58 ± 5.79	-0.088	0.930
	After the intervention	45.39 ± 6.03a	44.44 ± 5.31a	0.864	0.389
Degree of treatment satisfaction	Before the intervention	49.07 ± 6.36	50.71 ± 7.49	-1.222	0.225
	After the intervention	68.45 ± 7.23a	63.13 ± 5.91a	4.163	0.000
Awareness of disease	Before the intervention	29.81 ± 5.33	30.45 ± 6.19	-0.573	0.568
	After the intervention	43.05 ± 5.83a	42.06 ± 6.19a	0.852	0.396

^aP < 0.05 when compared with the group before intervention.

Table 4 Comparison of life quality scale scores between the two groups (mean ± SD, points)

Group	n	Degree of treatment satisfaction		t	P value
		Before the intervention	After the intervention
Rehabilitation group	54	75.81 ± 3.48	83.93 ± 5.10	-9.636	0.000
Conventional group	53	77.09 ± 4.21	80.74 ± 4.96	-4.107	0.000
t		-1.716	3.279
P value		0.089	0.001

Table 5 Comparison of the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events between the two groups

Group	n	Recurrent angina pectoris	Arrhythmia	Cardioembolic stroke	Myocardial infarction	Adverse cardiac event (%)
Rehabilitation group	54	3	1	0	1	5 (9.26)
Conventional group	53	5	2	2	1	10 (18.87)
χ2						2.049
P value						0.152