Efficacy and safety of Yangxue Qingnao Granules in treatment of migraine: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 1 Basic characteristics of studies included

	Ref.	No. of patients [Exp/Con (men/women)]	Course of disease, No. (Exp/Con)	Mean age or range (yr)	Experimental group	Control group	Treatment duration	Other outcomes	Standards for clinical efficacy appraisal
1	Luo et al[23], 2001	Exp 56 (22/34)	Exp 53	38.5 ± 8.6	YXQN	Placebo	30 d	(1) Clinical efficacy; (2) Frequency of headache; (3) Duration of headache; and (4) Accompanying symptoms	Invalid: No significant improvement in headache, reduction rate < 30%
		Con 56 (20/36)	Con 54	37.6 ± 11
2	Li et al[19], 2003	Exp 79 (24/55)	Exp 79	37.2 ± 14.1	YXQN	Sibelium capsules	2 wk	Clinical efficacy	Invalid: No significant improvement in headache, reduction rate < 25%
		Con 71 (20/51)	Con 71	33.8 ± 13.8
3	Li[18], 2003	Exp 62 (-/-)	Exp 62	34 ± 5.2	YXQN	Quantianma capsule	1 mo	(1) Clinical efficacy; (2) Frequency of headache; (3) Duration of headache; and (4) Intensity of headache	Invalid: No significant improvement in headache frequency after treatment
		Con 58 (-/-)	Con 58
4	Niu 2003[27]	Exp 35 (-/-)	Exp 35 (-/-)	-	YXQN	Sibelium capsules	30 d	(1) Clinical efficacy; (2) Frequency of headache; and (3) Duration of headache	Invalid: No change in headache severity, < 30% fewer episodes
		Con 35 (-/-)	Con35 (-/-)	-
5	He et al[20], 2005	Exp 64 (-/-)	Exp 64 (-/-)	33 ± 4.2	YXQN	Sibelium capsules/placebo	30 d	(1) Clinical efficacy; (2) Frequency of headache; (3) Duration of headache; and (4) Intensity of headache	Invalid: No significant improvement in headache frequency after treatment
		Con 40 (-/-)	Con 40 (-/-)
		Placebo 56 (-/-)	Placebo 56 (-/-)
6	Bai[20], 2011	Exp 28 (9/19)	Exp 28 (9/19)	19-42	YXQN	Sibelium capsules	8 wk	(1) Clinical efficacy; and (2) Adverse reactions	Invalid: No significant improvement in headache frequency after treatment
		Con 28 (8/20)	Con 28 (8/20)	18-42
7	Li and Liu[26], 2012	Exp 59 (28/31)	Exp 59 (28/31)	42 ± 6	YXQN	Sibelium capsules	1 mo	(1) Clinical efficacy; (2) Frequency of headache; and (3) Duration of headache	Invalid: Headache score decreased < 35% after treatment
		Con 59 (22/37)	Con 59 (22/37)	43 ± 5
8	Zhang and Kuang[22], 2015	Exp 59 (21/19)	Exp 59 (21/19)	32.8	YXQN	Rotundinum	8 wk	(1) Clinical efficacy; and (2) Adversereactions	Invalid: No significant improvement in headache, reduction rate < 50%
		Con 59 (17/23)	Con 59 (17/23)	33.5
9	Xie and Peng[24], 2017	Exp 75 (30/45)	Exp 75 (30/45)	38.91 ± 7.1	YXQN	Placebo	1 mo	(1) Clinical efficacy; (2) Frequency of headache; (3) Duration of headache; (4) Intensity of headache; and (5) Adverse reactions	Invalid: No significant improvement in headache frequency after treatment
		Con 75 (32/43)	Con 75 (32/43)	39.33 ± 6.89
10	Jiang[29], 2019	Exp 34 (13/21)	Exp 34 (13/21)	52.3 ± 3.2	YXQN	Sibelium capsules	30 d	(1) Clinical efficacy; (2) Intensity of headache; (3) Duration of headache	Invalid: No change in headache severity, < 30% fewer episodes
		Con 26 (10/16)	Con 26 (10/16)	54.2 ± 2.8
11	Jiang[25], 2020	Exp 45 (21/24)	Exp 45 (21/24)	43.5 ± 2.5	YXQN	Sibelium capsules	1 mo	(1) Clinical efficacy; (2) Frequency of headache; and (3) Duration of headache	Invalid: No significant improvement in headache frequency after treatment
		Con 45 (20/25)	Con 45 (20/25)	44.5 ± 3.5
12	Wang[28], 2021	Exp 42 (16/26)		47.3 ± 6.4	YXQN	Toutongning Capsules	1 mo	(1) Clinical efficacy; (2) Frequency of headache; (3) Duration of headache; and (4) Intensity of headache	Invalid: No significant improvement in headache frequency after treatment
		Con 42 (17/25)		46.4 ± 6.1

Exp: Experimental group; Con: Control group; AVG: Mean age or range; YXQN: Yangxue Qingnao Granules.