Timing theory integrated nursing combined behavior change integrated theory of nursing on primiparous influence

Table 1 Comparison of the two groups of general information

Variables	Observation group	Control group	t/χ2	P value
Age (yr)	26.15 ± 3.12	27.12 ± 3.83	1.242	0.218
Education level (high school and below/junior college or above)	6/34	8/32	0.346	0.556
Mode of delivery (vaginal birth/cesarean section)	14/26	18/22	0.833	0.361
Newborn gender (male/female)	18/22	21/19	0.450	0.502
Feeding method (breast milk/other)	21/19	20/20	0.050	0.823

Table 2 Comparison of Chinese Perceived Stress Scale scores between the two groups

Group	Before nursing	After nursing
Observation group (n = 40)	38.23 ± 8.75	15.3 5 ± 3.28a
Control group (n = 40)	39.25 ± 7.36	24.51 ± 5.23a
t	0.564	9.384
P value	0.574	0.002

^aP < 0.05. Compared to the same group before nursing.

Table 3 Comparison of Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale scores between the two groups

Group	Before nursing	After nursing
Observation group (n = 40)	22.35 ± 6.36	9.75 ± 2.51a
Control group (n = 40)	21.75 ± 5.78	15.38 ± 4.35a
t	0.442	7.090
P value	0.660	0.011

^aP < 0.05. Compared to the same group before nursing.

Table 4 Comparison of Self-rating Anxiety Scale scores between the two groups

Group	Before nursing	After nursing
Observation group (n = 40)	56.35 ± 10.58	28.75 ± 4.81a
Control group (n = 40)	58.03 ± 11.21	39.33 ± 7.35a
t	0.689	7.618
P value	0.493	0.001

^aP < 0.05. Compared to the same group before nursing.

Table 5 Comparison of breastfeeding knowledge mastery scores between the two groups

group	Before nursing	After nursing
Observation group (n = 40)	32.25 ± 6.56	49.85 ± 9.36a
Control group (n = 40)	31.68 ± 5.23	42.32 ± 7.12a
t	0.430	4.050
P value	0.669	0.013

^aP < 0.05. Compared to the same group before nursing.

Table 6 Comparison of self-efficacy scores between the two groups

Group	Before nursing	After nursing
Observation group (n = 40)	58.63 ± 10.25	123.25 ± 18.91a
Control group (n = 40)	59.12 ± 11.05	98.33 ± 15.82a
t	0.206	6.393
P value	0.838	0.008

^aP < 0.05. Compared to the same group before nursing.

Table 7 Comparison of quality of life scores between the two groups

Group	Before nursing	After nursing
Observation group (n = 40)	51.23 ± 8.36	89.11 ± 11.91a
Control group (n = 40)	52.33 ± 9.21	72.22 ± 10.31a
t	0.559	6.781
P value	0.578	0.011

^aP < 0.05. Compared to the same group before nursing.