Short-term efficacy of microwave ablation in the treatment of liver cancer and its effect on immune function

Table 1 Comparison of general information, n (%)/mean ± SD

General information	Liver cancer resection group (n = 35)	Liver cancer ablation group (n = 35)	t/χ2	P value
Age (yr)	56.59 ± 5.83	56.74 ± 6.02	0.106	0.916
Gender			0.072	0.788
Male	26 (74.29)	25 (71.43)
Female	9 (25.71)	10 (28.57)
Tumor number			1.942	0.163
Single	29 (82.86)	24 (68.57)
Multiple	6 (17.14)	11 (31.43)
Maximum diameter of tumor (cm)	2.85 ± 0.74	2.91 ± 0.79	0.328	0.744
Child–Pugh classification			0.254	0.615
A-level	24 (68.57)	22 (62.86)
B-level	11 (31.43)	13 (37.14)
Adjacent site of tumor			0.516	0.915
Paracholecystic	11 (31.43)	13 (37.15)
Diaphragm	5 (14.29)	6 (17.14)
Inferior margin of the liver	12 (34.28)	10 (28.57)
Beside the hepatic vein	7 (20.00)	6 (17.14)

Table 2 Comparison of short-term efficacy, n (%)

Short-term effects	Liver cancer resection group (n = 35)	Liver cancer ablation group (n = 35)	U/χ2	P value
CR	19 (54.29)	21 (60.00)	−0.632	0.528
PR	8 (22.86)	9 (25.71)
SD	6 (17.14)	3 (8.57)
PD	2 (5.71)	2 (5.71)
Total effective rate	27 (77.14)	30 (85.71)	0.850	0.356

CR: Complete response; PR: Partial response; SD: Stable condition; PD: Disease progression.

Table 3 Comparison of complications, n (%)

Complication	Liver cancer resection group (n = 35)	Liver cancer ablation group (n = 35)	χ2	P value
Gastrointestinal reactions	1 (2.86)	1 (2.86)
Fever	1 (2.86)	2 (5.71)
Ascites	0 (0.00)	1 (2.86)
Hepatalgia	1 (2.86)	1 (2.86)
Total incidence	3 (8.57)	5 (14.29)	0.565	0.452

Table 4 Comparison of liver function before and after treatment, mean ± SD

Liver function indicators	Stage	Liver cancer resection group (n = 35)	Liver cancer ablation group (n = 35)	t	P value
TBil (μmol/L)	Before treatment	58.13 ± 10.65	58.79 ± 11.54	0.249	0.804
	After one month of treatment	49.18 ± 8.64a	41.24 ± 7.35a	4.141	< 0.001
ALT (U/L)	Before treatment	48.21 ± 9.98	48.58 ± 9.37	0.159	0.873
	After one month of treatment	42.32 ± 7.56a	30.85 ± 6.23a	6.927	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05 vs before treatment.

TBil: Total bilirubin; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase.

Table 5 Comparison of immune function indexes between the two groups, mean ± SD

Immune function indicators	Stage	Liver cancer resection group (n = 35)	Liver cancer ablation group (n = 35)	t	P value
CD4+ (%)	Before treatment	29.75 ± 6.32	29.52 ± 6.43	0.151	0.880
	After one month of treatment	35.27 ± 5.56a	43.95 ± 5.72a	6.437	< 0.001
CD8+ (%)	Before treatment	25.09 ± 4.78	25.43 ± 4.96	0.292	0.771
	After one month of treatment	22.75 ± 4.62a	20.38 ± 3.91a	2.317	0.024
CD4+/CD8+	Before treatment	1.19 ± 0.28	1.16 ± 0.25	0.473	0.638
	After one month of treatment	1.55 ± 0.32a	2.16 ± 0.39a	7.154	< 0.001

^aP < 0.05 vs before treatment.