Impact of specialized nursing outpatient case management on post-coronary artery bypass grafting patients

Table 1 Comparison of the general data between the two groups, n (%)

General information	Control group (n = 51)	Case management unit (n = 52)	χ2/t	P value
Sex			0.092	0.762
Male	28 (54.90)	27 (51.92)
Female	23 (45.10)	25 (48.08)
Age (mean ± SD), yr	57.85 ± 9.74	58.22 ± 10.14	0.189	0.851
BMI (mean ± SD), kg/m2	22.06 ± 2.27	21.98 ± 2.33	0.176	0.860
Number of lesion branches			0.868	0.648
Single vessel disease	12 (23.53)	15 (28.85)
Double vessel disease	19 (37.25)	21 (40.38)
Three or more lesions	20 (39.22)	16 (30.77)
Educational background			0.920	0.631
Junior high school and below	14 (27.45)	12 (23.08)
Secondary to tertiary	21 (41.18)	19 (36.54)
Bachelor’s degree or above	16 (31.37)	21 (40.38)
Concomitant disease
Hypertension	31 (60.78)	27 (51.92)	0.822	0.365
Diabetes	22 (43.14)	19 (36.54)	0.468	0.494
Smoking history	11 (21.57)	14 (26.92)	0.402	0.526
Drinking history	13 (25.49)	12 (23.08)	0.082	0.775

BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Comparison of psychological status scores between the two groups (mean ± SD, scores)

Norm	Timing	Control group (n = 51)	Case management unit (n = 52)	t	P value
SDS score	Before intervention	57.01 ± 4.51	56.36 ± 4.85	0.704	0.483
	After intervention	48.78 ± 3.26a	42.95 ± 3.21a	9.145	0.000
SAS score	Before intervention	61.74 ± 4.05	62.07 ± 3.87	0.423	0.673
	After intervention	53.23 ± 3.45a	47.05 ± 3.21a	7.891	0.000

^aP < 0.05, compared with the group before intervention.

SDS: Self-rating depression scale; SAS: Self-rating anxiety scale.

Table 3 Comparison of compliance scores between the two groups (mean ± SD, scores)

Norm	Timing	Control group (n = 51)	Case management unit (n = 52)	t	P value
Sensible diet	Before intervention	61.12 ± 5.71	59.98 ± 6.03	0.985	0.327
	After intervention	75.47 ± 6.89a	83.69 ± 5.78a	6.565	0.000
Take medicine on time	Before intervention	58.82 ± 6.14	59.77 ± 5.87	0.803	0.424
	After intervention	77.14 ± 6.82a	86.58 ± 7.96a	6.458	0.000
Good living habits	Before intervention	63.36 ± 5.15	62.24 ± 5.83	1.033	0.304
	After intervention	74.14 ± 6.16a	85.02 ± 5.97a	9.103	0.000
Reasonable exercise	Before intervention	52.89 ± 8.41	54.12 ± 7.76	0.772	0.442
	After intervention	70.24 ± 7.53a	82.96 ± 8.04a	8.284	0.000
Timely review	Before intervention	66.63 ± 5.87	64.97 ± 6.08	1.409	0.162
	After intervention	76.36 ± 6.96a	85.04 ± 7.71a	5.994	0.000

^aP < 0.05, compared with the group before intervention.

Table 4 Comparison of coronary heart disease self-management scale scores between the two groups (mean ± SD, scores)

Norm	Timing	Control group (n = 51)	Case management unit (n = 52)	t	P value
Bad habit	Before intervention	14.89 ± 2.14	15.04 ± 1.96	0.371	0.711
	After intervention	16.01 ± 1.47a	17.52 ± 1.33a	5.469	0.000
Symptom	Before intervention	8.41 ± 1.56	8.27 ± 1.63	0.445	0.657
	After intervention	10.78 ± 1.27a	12.32 ± 1.36a	5.937	0.000
Emotional cognition	Before intervention	9.89 ± 1.24	9.77 ± 1.31	0.477	0.634
	After intervention	11.08 ± 1.36a	12.24 ± 1.42a	4.233	0.000
First aid	Before intervention	7.14 ± 1.56	7.08 ± 1.72	0.185	0.853
	After intervention	8.77 ± 1.39a	9.88 ± 1.45a	3.965	0.000
Disease knowledge	Before intervention	11.47 ± 2.08	11.53 ± 1.97	0.150	0.881
	After intervention	14.88 ± 2.42a	15.77 ± 1.98a	2.045	0.043
General life	Before intervention	11.05 ± 1.87	10.96 ± 1.93	0.240	0.811
	After intervention	14.47 ± 1.93a	15.78 ± 1.88a	3.490	0.001
Treatment compliance	Before intervention	5.87 ± 1.42	5.79 ± 1.37	0.291	0.772
	After intervention	7.54 ± 1.12a	8.25 ± 1.06a	3.305	0.001
CSMS total score	Before intervention	68.72 ± 5.16	68.44 ± 4.97	0.281	0.780
	After intervention	83.63 ± 6.96a	91.76 ± 7.14a	5.850	0.000

^aP < 0.05, compared with the group before intervention.

CSMS: Coronary heart disease self-management scale.

Table 5 Comparison of knowledge mastery scores between the two groups (mean ± SD, scores)

Norm	Timing	Control group (n = 51)	Case management unit (n = 52)	t	P value
Understanding of coronary heart disease	Before intervention	17.85 ± 3.02	18.04 ± 2.88	0.327	0.744
	After intervention	21.12 ± 2.11a	23.65 ± 1.74a	6.645	0.000
Necessity of taking medicine regularly	Before intervention	16.52 ± 2.47	16.41 ± 2.58	0.221	0.826
	After intervention	21.53 ± 2.11a	23.74 ± 1.06a	6.736	0.000
Key points of self-care after CABG	Before intervention	14.24 ± 2.69	13.97 ± 3.78	0.417	0.678
	After intervention	20.14 ± 3.23a	23.12 ± 1.58a	5.965	0.000
Precautions after CABG surgery	Before intervention	18.85 ± 2.25	19.04 ± 2.11	0.442	0.659
	After intervention	22.05 ± 1.07a	23.74 ± 0.77a	9.214	0.000

^aP < 0.05, compared with the group before intervention.

CABG: Coronary artery bypass grafting.

Table 6 Comparison of quality of life scores between the two groups (mean ± SD, scores)

Norm	Timing	Control group (n = 51)	Case management unit (n = 52)	t	P value
Stamina	Before intervention	27.74 ± 8.26	25.83 ± 9.54	1.085	0.280
	After intervention	32.26 ± 6.97a	38.97 ± 8.15a	4.487	0.000
State of an illness	Before intervention	14.53 ± 3.85	15.01 ± 3.94	0.625	0.533
	After intervention	17.45 ± 4.11a	20.58 ± 3.89a	3.970	0.000
Medical treatment	Before intervention	4.96 ± 0.85	4.86 ± 0.94	0.566	0.573
	After intervention	5.12 ± 0.79	5.22 ± 0.85	0.618	0.538
General condition	Before intervention	7.54 ± 1.87	7.46 ± 1.93	0.214	0.831
	After intervention	8.74 ± 1.91a	9.85 ± 1.67a	3.142	0.002
Social psychology	Before intervention	15.12 ± 2.25	14.97 ± 2.31	0.334	0.739
	After intervention	17.63 ± 2.16a	19.87 ± 2.04a	5.412	0.000
Professional	Before intervention	4.25 ± 0.98	4.19 ± 1.05	0.300	0.765
	After intervention	5.77 ± 1.12a	6.85 ± 1.24a	4.636	0.000

^aP < 0.05, compared with the group before intervention.

Table 7 Comparison of major adverse cardiac events between the two groups, n (%)

MACE event	Control group (n = 51)	Case management unit (n = 52)	χ2/t	P value
Myocardial infarction	1 (1.96)	0 (0.00)
Heart failure	1 (1.96)	1 (1.92)
Malignant arrhythmia	2 (3.92)	1 (1.92)
Cardiac readmission	5 (9.80)	2 (3.85)
Cerebral apoplexy	1 (1.96)	0 (0.00)
reCABG	1 (1.96)	0 (0.00)
Cumulative MACE incidence	11 (21.57)	4 (7.69)	3.985	0.046

MACE: major adverse cardiac events; CABG: Coronary artery bypass grafting.