Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio associated with renal function in type 2 diabetic patients

Table 1 Characteristics of all type 2 diabetes mellitus patients categorized by the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio quartiles

Variables	Total	Quartile 1 (NLR < 1.38)	Quartile 2 (1.38 ≤ NLR < 1.76)	Quartile 3 (1.76 ≤ NLR < 2.30)	Quartile 4 (NLR ≥ 2.30)
N	1040	261	258	262	259
Male1, n (%)	490 (47.1)	99 (37.9)	119 (46.1)	130 (49.6)	142 (54.8)
Age (yr)	71.9 ± 5.5	71.5 ± 5.5	72.0 ± 5.7	71.9 ± 5.4	72.3 ± 5.5
BMI (kg/m2)	25.0 ± 4.0	25.1 ± 3.6	25.3 ± 4.6	25.1 ± 3.7	24.7 ± 4.2
SBP (mmHg)	145.3 ± 20.3	144.8 ± 19.7	144.4 ± 19.4	146.5 ± 20.2	145.3 ± 22.0
DBP (mmHg)	78.7 ± 11.7	77.8 ± 11.5	79.0 ± 10.8	78.9 ± 11.0	79.2 ± 13.5
FPG (mmol/L)	7.8 ± 2.4	7.6 ± 1.8	8.0 ± 2.8	7.8 ± 2.4	8.0 ± 2.3
BUN1 (mmol/L)	6.8 ± 2.1	6.4 ± 1.6	6.9 ± 2.2	6.6 ± 2.0	7.1 ± 2.3
Scr1 (mmol/L)	74.1 ± 21.8	68.2 ± 16.1	73.1 ± 19.4	75.3 ± 22.1	79.8 ± 26.8
eGFR1 (mL/min/1.73 m2)	80.2 ± 15.7	83.6 ± 12.9	80.7 ± 15.0	79.3 ± 16.0	77.7 ± 17.0
TC1 (mmol/L)	4.7 ± 1.2	5.0 ± 1.2	4.8 ± 1.3	4.7 ± 1.1	4.6 ± 1.1
TG (mmol/L)	1.7 ± 1.5	1.6 ± 1.2	1.8 ± 2.0	1.7 ± 1.5	1.5 ± 1.1
LDL-C1 (mmol/L)	3.0 ± 0.9	3.2 ± 1.0	3.0 ± 1.0	2.9 ± 0.9	2.9 ± 0.9
HDL-C1 (mmol/L)	1.5 ± 0.4	1.5 ± 0.3	1.4 ± 0.3	1.5 ± 0.4	1.5 ± 0.4
Neutrophil1	3.7 ± 1.0	2.9 ± 0.7	3.5 ± 0.8	3.9 ± 0.9	4.5 ± 1.0
Lymphocyte1	2.1 ± 0.6	2.6 ± 0.7	2.2 ± 0.5	1.9 ± 0.4	1.5 ± 0.4
WBC1	6.3 ± 1.4	6.1 ± 1.3	6.3 ± 1.4	6.3 ± 1.4	6.5 ± 1.4
Platelet	189.1 ± 48.5	187.6 ± 46.3	191.7 ± 46.2	191.2 ± 52.0	185.8 ± 49.4
Smoking, n (%)	174 (16.7)	36 (13.8)	48 (18.6)	47 (17.9)	43 (16.6)
Drinking, n (%)	179 (17.2)	36 (13.8)	54 (20.9)	48 (18.3)	41 (15.8)
Regular exercise, n (%)	197 (18.9)	53 (20.3)	52 (20.2)	51 (19.5)	41 (15.8)
Hypertension, n (%)	714 (68.7)	171 (65.5)	182 (70.5)	187 (71.4)	174 (67.2)

¹Means a significant difference (P < 0.05) between four neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio quartile groups for corresponding variable.

NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; BMI: Body mass index; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; FPG: Fasting plasma glucose; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; Scr: Serum creatinine; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Table 2 Association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetic patients

Exposure	Age-and-sex adjusted model		Multivariate model
	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
NLR (per SD)	1.39 (1.17-1.65)	0.0002	1.44 (1.21-1.72)	< 0.0001
Quartile 1 (< 1.38)	Reference		Reference
Quartile 2 (1.38–1.76)	1.69 (0.89-3.22)	0.1100	1.57 (0.81-3.04)	0.1785
Quartile 3 (1.76–2.30)	2.42 (1.30-4.50)	0.0052	2.52 (1.35-4.73)	0.0039
Quartile 4 (≥ 2.30)	3.07 (1.68-5.62)	0.0003	3.30 (1.78-6.12)	0.0001
P for trend		0.0001		< 0.0001

SD = 0.76; P values were calculated from univariate or multivariate regression tests, and the bold typeface indicates significance (P < 0.05). The multivariate model was further adjusted for age, sex, smoking, drinking, regular exercise, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; SD: Standard deviation; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.