Endoscopic management of benign biliary strictures: Looking for the best stent to place

Table 1 Main outcomes of randomized clinical trials comparing multiple plastic stents to fully covered self-expandable metal stents in anastomotic stricture after liver transplantation

Ref.	Arm	Number of patients	Success rate (%)	Recurrence (%)	Number of ERCP/patients	Migration rate (%)	Follow-up time (mo)
Kaffes et al[26], 2014	MPS	10	8 (80%)	3 (37.5%)	4.5 (2-6)	1 (10%)	25.5 (3-44)
	FC-SEMS	10	10 (100%)	3 (30%)	2 (2-2)	0 (0%)	26 (6-40)
Coté et al[29], 2016	MPS	36	31 (86.1%)	1 (3.2%)	3.13 ± 0.88	8 (22.2%)	24
	FC-SEMS	37	33 (89.2%)	5 (15.2%)	2.21 ± 0.48	15 (40.5%)	24
Tal et al[27], 2017	MPS	24	23 (95.8%)	5 (21.7%)	4 (3-12)	0 (0%)	16.9 (2-39.4)
	FC-SEMS	24	24 (100%)	5 (20.8%)	2 (2-12)	5 (20,8%	13.3 (6.3-34.9)
Martins et al[28], 2018	MPS	29	28 (96.6%)	0 (0%)	4.9 (4-6)	3 (10,3%)	32.9
	FC-SEMS	30	25 (83.3%)	8 (32%)	2 (2-2)	3 (10%)	36.4
Cantù et al[31], 2021	MPS	15	14 (93.3%)	1 (7.1%)	4 (3-7)	2 (13.3%)	55 (34-74)
	FC-SEMS	15	11(73.3%)	4 (36.4%)	3 (2-8)	5 (33.3%)	63 (41-80)

ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; FC-SEMS: Fully covered self-expandable metal stents; MPS: Multiple plastic stents.

Table 2 Main outcomes of randomized clinical trials comparing multiple plastic stents to fully covered self-expandable metal stents in common bile duct stricture associated with chronic pancreatitis

Ref.	Arm	Number of patients	Success rate (%)	Recurrence (%)	Number of ERCP/patients	Migration rate (%)	Follow-up time (mo)
Haapamäki et al[34], 2015	MPS	30	22 (73.3%)	3 (13.6%)	-	3 (15%%)	37 (3-61)
	FC-SEMS	30	20 (66.6%)	2 (10%)	-	2 (10%)	41 (1-66)
Ramchandani et al[35], 2021	MPS	84	54/70 (77.1%)	-	3.9 ± 1.3	18 (21.4%)	23.7
	FC-SEMS	80	47/62 (75.8%)	-	2.6 ± 1.3	15 (18.8%)	23.7

ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; FC-SEMS: Fully covered self-expandable metal stents; MPS: Multiple plastic stents.