Effect of T-regulatory cells and interleukin-35, interleukin-10, and transforming growth factor-beta on diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Table 1 Serum expression levels of interleukin (IL)-35, IL-10, transforming growth factor beta across the subgroups

Group	n	IL-35 (pg/mL)	IL-10 (pg/mL)	TGF-β (pg/mL)
Incipient	79	166.79 ± 132.69	38.31 ± 30.92	653.3 ± 610.26
Effectively treated	45	115.8 ± 81.47	26.55 ± 18.75	602.5 ± 709.82
Relapse-refractory	34	234.29 ± 156.62	53.87 ± 36.79	720.54 ± 447.53
Control	30	107.34 ± 66.6	24.57 ± 20.25	416.69 ± 339.78
F value		8.47c	7.562c	1.686
P value		< 0.001	< 0.001	0.172
Multiple comparison		Expression levels of IL-35 in both the incipient and relapsed-refractory groups were higher than those in the effectively treated and normal control groups	Expression levels of IL-10 in the incipient and relapse-refractory groups were higher than effective therapy and normal control groups	/

^cIndicates the use of Welch’s analysis of variance (i.e., McDonald reported that analysis of variance) test.

Data presented mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated. IL-35: Interleukin-35; IL-10: Interleukin-10; TGF-β: Transforming growth factor beta.

Table 2 Correlation analysis of interleukin (IL)-35, IL-10, transforming growth factor beta concentration

Cytokine	IL-35	IL-10	TGF-β
IL-35	1
IL-10	0.531b	1
TGF-β	0.375a	0.185a	1

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01. IL-35: Interleukin-35; IL-10: Interleukin-10; TGF-β: Transforming growth factor beta.

Table 3 Comparison of the percentage of CD4+, CD8+ and T-regulatory cells across the different subgroups

Group	n	CD4+	CD8+	Tregs
Incipient	79	32.67 ± 11.11	39.26 ± 9.06	6.32 ± 3.21
Effectively treated	45	28.63 ± 4.07	38.59 ± 9.14	5.1 ± 2.02
Relapse-refractory	34	38.01 ± 14.76	40.15 ± 9.00	7.95 ± 3.76
Control	30	26.15 ± 5.84	37.14 ± 8.14	4.11 ± 2.26
F value		9.439c	0.671	10.736c
P value		< 0.001	0.571	< 0.001
Multiple comparison		The proportion of CD4+ cells was higher in the incipient and relapsed-refractory groups than in the effectively treated and normal control groups.	/	The proportion of Tregs was higher in the incipient and relapsed-refractory groups than in the effectively treated and normal control groups.

^cIndicates the Welch's analysis of variance.

Data presented as mean ± SD (%), unless otherwise indicated.

Tregs: T-regulatory cells.