Associations between coagulation factor XII, coagulation factor XI, and stability of venous thromboembolism: A case-control study

doi:10.12998/wjcc.v10.i9.2700

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World Journal of Clinical Cases

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Case Control Study

World J Clin Cases. Mar 26, 2022; 10(9): 2700-2709
Published online Mar 26, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i9.2700

Table 1 Characteristic of patients, presented as mean ± SD

	DVT (n = 58)	DVT + PE (n = 53)	Control (n = 61)	P value¹
Mean age (yr)	61.6 (14.9)	56.8 (18.3)	61.7 (8.34)	0.57
Male (%)	44.0	58.3	45.0	0.76
Hypertension (%)	20.0	8.33	30.0	0.78
Diabetes (%)	8.00	0	20.0	0.62
CAD (%)	6.00	8.33	15.0	0.85
Smoking (%)	28.0	16.7	30.0	0.81
WBC (10⁹/L)	8.16 (4.30)	9.95 (3.63)	5.49 (1.80)	0.002
Neutrophil, %	72.0 (12.7)	77.3 (8.14)	59.9 (8.32)	0.002
Platelet (10⁹/L)	213.6 (62.8)	203.2 (82.3)	193.8 (46.4)	0.57
hs-CRP (mg/L)	8.19 (3.30)	9.21 (2.62)	1.63 (1.50)	< 0.001
hs-TNT (ng/mL)	0.08 (0.19)	0.02 (0.02)	0.01 (0.001)	0.63
FDP (mg/L)	25.4 (39.8)	33.5 (32.5)	1.62 (2.57)	0.009
FIB (g/L)	3.60 (1.38)	4.08 (1.30)	2.64 (0.39)	0.002
NT-proBNP	203.8 (229.3)	1038 (1653)	205.6 (555.0)	0.015
D-Dimer (mg/L)	8.64 (14.0)	12.2 (11.5)	0.72 (1.08)	0.001

¹P value was calculated using ANOVA test for continuous variables and Kruskal-Wallis test for categorical variables.

CAD: Coronary artery disease; DVT: Deep venous thrombosis; FDP: Fibrinogen degradation products; FIB: Fibrinogen; hs-CRP: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; PE: Pulmonary embolism; WBC: White blood cells; hs-TNT: High-sensitivity troponin T.

Table 2 Comparisons of factor XII antigen and factor XI antigen between patients with deep venous thrombosis, deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, and control groups

	DVT (n = 58)	DVT + PE (n = 53)	Control (n = 61)	P value (DVT vs control)	P value (DVT vs DVT + PE)
FXII:Ag (%)	58.6 (25.2)	56.1 (27.9)	59.2 (22.5)	0.968	0.603
FXI:Ag (%)	99.1 (33.3)	103.2 (33.7)	93.0 (24.2)	0.484	0.043

FXII:Ag: Factor XII antigen; FXI:Ag: Factor XI antigen; DVT: Deep venous thrombosis; PE: Pulmonary embolism.

Table 3 Association between factor XII antigen and factor XI antigen and potential of deep venous thrombosis: Comparisons between deep venous thrombosis patients and controls

	Cut-off¹	Control	DVT	χ²	OR	95%CI	P value
FXII:Ag	≤ 63.331	42	35	0.942	1.453	0.683-3.092	0.332
FXII:Ag	> 63.331	19	23	0.942	1.453	0.683-3.092	0.332
FXI:Ag	≤ 100.905	46	38	1.401	1.614	0.729-3.576	0.236
FXI:Ag	> 100.905	15	20	1.401	1.614	0.729-3.576	0.236

¹Cut-off values for factor XII antigen (FXII:Ag) and factor XI antigen (FXI:Ag) were selected based on the 95^th percentiles of FXII:Ag and FXI:Ag in patients with deep venous thrombosis.

FXII:Ag: Factor XII antigen; FXI:Ag: Factor XI antigen; CI: Confidence interval; DVT: Deep venous thrombosis; OR: Odds ratio.

Table 4 Association between factor XII antigen and factor XI antigen and the stability of deep venous thrombosis: Comparisons between patients with deep venous thrombosis and deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism

	Cut-off¹	DVT	DVT + PE	χ²	OR	95%CI	P value
FXII:Ag	≤ 68.485	39	37	0.197	0.832	0.369-1.876	0.407
FXII:Ag	> 68.485	19	15	0.197	0.832	0.369-1.876	0.407
FXI:Ag	≤ 130.117	51	37	5.535	3.151	1.178-8.427	0.019
FXI:Ag	> 130.117	7	16	5.535	3.151	1.178-8.427	0.019

¹Cut-off values for factor XII antigen (FXII:Ag) and factor XI antigen (FXI:Ag) were selected based on the 95^th percentiles of FXII:Ag and FXI:Ag in patients with deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.

FXII:Ag: Factor XII antigen; FXI:Ag: Factor XI antigen; CI: Confidence interval; DVT: Deep venous thrombosis; OR: Odds ratio; PE: Pulmonary embolism.

Table 5 Age stratified association between factor XII antigen and factor XI antigen and the stability of deep venous thrombosis: Comparisons between patients with deep venous thrombosis and deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism

	Cut-off¹	DVT	DVT + PE	χ²	OR	95%CI	P value
FXII:Ag
≤ 60 yr	≤ 68.485	26	25	0.406	0.72	0.262-1.980	0.524
≤ 60 yr	> 68.485	13	9	0.406	0.72	0.262-1.980	0.524
> 60 yr	≤ 68.485	13	12	0.013	1.083	0.273-4.293	0.593
> 60 yr	> 68.485	6	6	0.013	1.083	0.273-4.293	0.593
FXI:Ag
≤ 60 yr	≤ 130.117	35	23	5.432	4.185	1.188-14.746	0.020
≤ 60 yr	> 130.117	4	11	5.432	4.185	1.188-14.746	0.020
> 60 yr	≤ 130.117	16	14	-	1.905	0.384-9.444	0.346²
> 60 yr	> 130.117	3	5	-	1.905	0.384-9.444	0.346²

²Fisher’s exact test was applied because < 40 patients were included in subgroup of patients aged > 60 years.

FXII:Ag: Factor XII antigen; FXI:Ag: Factor XI antigen; CI: Confidence interval; DVT: Deep venous thrombosis; OR: Odds ratio; PE: Pulmonary embolism.

Citation: Meng Y, Li Y, Ye YJ, Ma Q, Zhang JB, Qin H, Deng YY, Tian HY. Associations between coagulation factor XII, coagulation factor XI, and stability of venous thromboembolism: A case-control study. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10(9): 2700-2709
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v10/i9/2700.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v10.i9.2700