Correlation between betatrophin/angiogenin-likeprotein3/lipoprotein lipase pathway and severity of coronary artery disease in Kazakh patients with coronary heart disease

doi:10.12998/wjcc.v10.i7.2095

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Mar 6, 2022 (publication date) through Feb 15, 2025

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World Journal of Clinical Cases

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Clin Cases. Mar 6, 2022; 10(7): 2095-2105
Published online Mar 6, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i7.2095

Table 1 Comparison of general baseline data between Kazakh and Han patients with coronary heart disease

Variables	Kazakh			Han
Variables	CHD (n = 79)	Non-CHD (n = 72)	P value	CHD (n = 61)	Non-CHD (n = 65)	P value
Age (yr)	52.27 ± 12.10	53.77 ± 12.24	0.16	53.78 ± 13.56	52.63 ± 11.73	0.14
SBP (mmHg)	135.13 ± 15.46	129.24 ± 13.42	0.27	129.44 ± 15.69	125.58 ± 16.81	0.24
DBP (mmHg)	84.85 ± 13.21	81.34 ± 12.52	0.18	81.41 ± 16.39	79.26 ± 12.14	0.15
BMI	27.43 ± 2.97 ¹^,³	24.76 ± 3.22	0.007	26.74 ± 2.43²	24.22 ± 3.37	0.03
GLU (mmol/L)	5.53 ± 0.62	54.06 ± 14.16	0.26	5.16 ± 0.37	4.73 ± 0.52	0.24
Fructosamine (μmol/L)	241.82 ± 23.42	235.89 ± 18.54	0.33	246.02 ± 21.42	239.71 ± 18.25	0.13
HOMA-IR	0.95 ± 0.11	0.93 ± 0.09	0.13	0.89 ± 0.06	0.87 ± 0.07	0.09
HOMA-β	0.81 ± 0.06	0.80 ± 0.09	0.15	0.78 ± 0.14	0.79 ± 0.07	0.11
TC (mmol/L)	5.37 ± 0.73¹^,³	4.28 ± 0.34	0.005	5.01 ± 1.09²	4.12 ± 0.76	0.004
TG (mmol/L)	1.36 ± 0.60¹^,³	1.14 ± 0.56	0.007	1.15 ± 0.65²	1.08 ± 0.37	0.006
LDL-C (mmol/L)	3.15 ± 0.62¹^,³	2.56 ± 0.44	0.004	2.98 ± 1.02²	2.87 ± 0.56	0.02
HDL-C (mmol/L)	1.85 ± 0.39	1.93 ± 0.2 3	0.21	1.87 ± 0.38	2.01 ± 0.36	0.26

¹Comparison between Kazakh CHD patients and control group patients (P < 0.01).

²Comparison between Han CHD patients and control group patients (P < 0.05).

³Comparison between Kazakh and Han patients (P <0.01).

CHD: Coronary heart disease; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; BMI: Body mass index; GLU: Glucose; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance; HOMA-β: Homeostasis model assessment-β cells; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglycerides; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Table 2 Comparison of serum betatrophin, angiopoietin-like protein 3 and lipoprotein lipase levels in coronary heart disease group and control group

Variables	Kazakh			Han
Variables	CHD (n = 79)	Non-CHD (n = 72)	P value	CHD (n = 61)	Non-CHD (n = 65)	P value
Betatrophin (pg/mL)	435.32 ± 60.36¹^,²	243.21 ± 62.73¹	< 0.001	408.26 ± 57.45²	219.73 ± 59.37	0.031
ANGPTL3 (ng/mL)	3.42 ± 1.63¹^,²	2.69 ± 1.33¹	0.022	3.27 ± 1.45²	2.52 ± 1.53	0.038
LPL (ng/mL)	56.37 ± 13.27¹^,²	42.37 ± 13.16¹	0.043	54.52 ± 14.52²	41.42 ± 12.26	0.021

¹Compared with control group (P < 0.05).

²P: Compared with Han CHD group (P < 0.05).

CHD: Coronary heart disease; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; ANGPTL3: Angiopoietin-like protein 3; LPL: Lipoprotein lipase.

Table 3 The levels of betatrophin, angiopoietin-like protein 3, and lipoprotein lipase were compared between the two coronary heart disease groups after stratification according to Gensini integral

	Groups	n	Betatrophi (pg/mL)	ANGPTL3 (ng/mL)	LPL (ng/mL)
Kazakh	Gensini ≤ 24	32	356.86 ± 58.61	2.34 ± 0.57	50.22 ± 12.27
	25 ≤ Gensini < 53	22	380.03 ± 61.56	3.56 ± 1.03	57.59 ± 10.41
	Gensini ≥ 53	18	452.74 ± 62.24¹^,²	5.94 ± 1.46¹^,²	59.35 ± 13.19¹^,²
Han	Gensini ≤ 24	35	326.07 ± 50.56	2.00 ± 1.32	50.16 ± 13.48³
	25 ≤ Gensini < 53	21	369.64 ± 53.44	3.33 ± 0.83	54.39 ± 12.33³
	Gensini ≥ 53	9	422.39 ± 59.14¹	5.19 ± 1.21¹	57.60 ± 12.35¹

¹Comparison between mild and moderate within the group (P < 0.05).

²Compared with Han CHD group (P < 0.05).

³Compared with Han CHD group (P > 0.05).

Angiopoietin-like protein 3; LPL: Lipoprotein lipase.

Table 4 Correlation between Gensini score and risk factors of atherosclerosis in two groups of patients with coronary heart disease

Group		TC (mmol/L)	TG (mmol/L)	LDL-C (mmol/L)	Betatrophin (pg/mL)	LPL (ng/mL)	BMI (ng/mL)
Kazakh	r	0.204	0.453	0.352	0.471	0.382	0.097
Kazakh	P value	0.043	0.009	0.048	0.001	0.001	0.261
Han	r	0.195	0.296	0.357	0.446	0.328	0.438
Han	P value	0.026	0.003	0.20	0.001	0.004	0.044

TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglycerides; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; BMI: Body mass index; LPL: Lipoprotein lipase.

Table 5 Ordinal logistic regression analysis of two coronary heart disease groups

	Variables	B value	P value	Exp (B)
Kazakh	TG	3.292	0.03	3.632
Kazakh	Betatrophin	1.258	0.043	1.802
Han	BMI	5.635	0.01	2.457
Han	Betatrophin	1.170	0.036	1.615

TG: Triglycerides; BMI: Body mass index.

Citation: Qin L, Rehemuding R, Ainiwaer A, Ma X. Correlation between betatrophin/angiogenin-likeprotein3/lipoprotein lipase pathway and severity of coronary artery disease in Kazakh patients with coronary heart disease. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10(7): 2095-2105
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v10/i7/2095.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v10.i7.2095