Clinical study on the minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy treatment of upper urinary calculi

Table 1 Comparison of the general conditions of the two groups of patients during the perioperative period

Group	Case	Operation time (min)	Intraoperative blood loss (mL)
PCNL group	40	92.68 ± 6.39	148.79 ± 10.03
mPCNL group	40	150.42 ± 8.48	84.25 ± 6.54
t value		-34.392	34.090
P value		< 0.001	< 0.001

mPCNL: Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Table 2 Comparison of renal function indexes of the two groups of patients before and after treatment

Group	Cr (μmol/L)		BMG (ng/L)		RBP (mg/L)
	Before therapy	After treatment	Before therapy	After treatment	Before therapy	After treatment
PCNL group	124.35 ± 8.11	124.36 ± 7.42	3.16 ± 1.01	3.15 ± 0.22	55.34 ± 5.68	55.38 ± 6.03
mPCNL group	124.33 ± 7.45	124.37 ± 5.88	3.15 ± 0.98	3.17 ± 0.38	55.32 ± 4.97	55.35 ± 7.49
t value	0.011	-0.007	0.045	-0.288	0.017	0.020
P value	0.495	0.497	0.482	0.387	0.493	0.492

mPCNL: Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy; Cr: Serum creatinine; BMG: β2 microglobulin; RBP: retinol binding protein.

Table 3 Comparison of pain and clearance rate between the two groups

Group	Case	VAS	Clearance rate, n (%)
PCNL group	40	3.52 ± 0.61	40 (100.00)
mPCNL group	40	2.27 ± 0.22	39 (97.50)
t/χ2 value		12.191	1.013
P value		< 0.001	0.314

mPCNL: Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy; VAS: Visual analog scale.

Table 4 Comparison of the incidence of complications between the two groups of patients

Group	Case	Urine extravasation	Difficulty breathing	Damage to surrounding organs	Total incidence
PCNL group	40	2	0	1	3
mPCNL group	40	1	0	0	1
χ2 value					1.053
P value					0.305

mPCNL: Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Table 5 Comparison of postoperative recovery of the two groups of patients

Group	QOL		Qmax
	1 mo after treatment	3 mo after treatment	1 mo after treatment	3 mo after treatment
PCNL group	1.95 ± 0.34	1.76 ± 0.24	12.86 ± 1.44	15.38 ± 2.54
mPCNL group	1.68 ± 0.52	1.55 ± 0.31	15.73 ± 1.72	18.36 ± 2.19
t value	2.749	3.388	8.092	5.620
P value	0.007	0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001

mPCNL: Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy; QOL: Quality of life.