Oral higher dose prednisolone to prevent stenosis after endoscopic submucosal dissection for early esophageal cancer

Table 1 Background characteristics of patients, n (%)

Characteristics
Sex
Male	9 (64)
Female	5 (36)
Age in yr, mean (range)	62.1 (45-75)
Tumor location
Cervical esophagus	0 (0)
Upper thoracic esophagus	1 (7)
Middle thoracic esophagus	7 (50)
Lower thoracic esophagus	6 (43)
Macroscopic type
0-IIa	13 (93)
0-IIc	1 (7)
Tumor size in mm, mean (range)	51.7 (43.8-60.7)
Resection size in mm, mean (range)	55.5 (47.5-65.0)
Transverse extension of mucosal defect
≥ 3/4 and < 7/8 circumference	11 (79)
≥ 7/8 circumference	1 (7)
The entire circumference	2 (14)
Longitudinal extension of the mucosal defect
< 50 mm	3 (21)
≥ 50 mm	11 (79)
Depth of tumor invasion
M1 or M2	12 (86)
M3	2 (14)

M1: Tumor limited to the epithelium; M2: Tumor invading the lamina propria; M3: Tumor invading the muscularis mucosa.

Table 2 The feasibility and safety of prophylactic treatment, n (%)

Outcome
Stricture rate	0 (0)
Main complication	1 (7)
Procedure-related bleeding	0 (0)
Procedure-related perforation	0 (0)
Newly diagnosed diabetes or aggravation of diabetes	0 (0)
Pepticulcer	0 (0)
Adrenocortical insufficiency	0 (0)
Aggravation of osteoporosis or fracture	0 (0)
Infection	1 (7)
Corticosteroid related mental disorders	0 (0)
Follow-up period (mo), median (range)	13 (6-28)
Residual	0 (0)
Recurrence	0 (0)

Table 3 Clinical outcomes for 14 patients with early esophageal cancer after circumferential endoscopic submucosal dissection

	Case 1	Case 2	Case 3	Case 4	Case 5	Case 6	Case 7	Case 8	Case 9	Case 10	Case 11	Case 12	Case 13	Case 14
Sex	Male	Male	Male	Female	Female	Male	Male	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Male	Female
Age in yr	66	45	50	75	67	61	63	45	70	72	67	55	66	67
Tumor location	Lt	Ut	Lt	Mt	Mt	Mt	Lt	Lt	Mt	Mt	Mt	Lt	Lt	Mt
Macroscopic type	0-IIa	0-IIa	0-IIa	0-IIa	0-IIc	0-IIa	0-IIa	0-IIa	0-IIa	0-IIa	0-IIa	0-IIa	0-IIa	0-IIa
Tumor size in mm	50.7	49.5	48.4	43.8	47.2	53.3	60.7	49.2	59.8	46.5	59.5	45.2	51.8	58.6
Resection size in mm	56.1	52.6	52.7	47.5	50.8	57.6	65.0	53.2	64.7	50.1	63.5	47.1	54.6	61.2
Transverse extension of mucosal defect	≥ 3/4 and < 7/8	≥ 3/4 and < 7/8	≥ 3/4 and < 7/8	≥ 3/4 and < 7/8	≥ 3/4 and < 7/8	≥ 3/4 and < 7/8	Entire	≥ 3/4 and < 7/8	Entire	≥ 3/4 and < 7/8	≥ 7/8	≥ 3/4 and < 7/8	≥ 3/4 and < 7/8	≥ 3/4 and < 7/8
Longitudinal extension of the mucosal defect in mm	≥ 50	≥ 50	< 50	≥ 50	≥ 50	≥ 50	≥ 50	< 50	≥ 50	≥ 50	≥ 50	< 50	≥ 50	≥ 50
Depth of tumor invasion	M3	M2	M1	M1	M2	M3	M2	M1	M2	M1	M2	M1	M1	M2
Stricture	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Follow up time in mo	9	12	12	12	12	12	15	18	28	28	6	6	7	8
Residual	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No
Recurrence	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No	No

Lt: Lower thoracic esophagus; M1: Tumor limited to the epithelium; M2: Tumor invading the lamina propria; M3: Tumor invading the muscularis mucosa; Mt: Middle thoracic esophagus; Ut: Upper thoracic esophagus.