Different positive end expiratory pressure and tidal volume controls on lung protection and inflammatory factors during surgical anesthesia

Table 1 Comparison of general data of the two groups of patients (mean ± SD)

Index	Group A (n = 60)	Group B (n = 60)	t/χ2 value	P value
Age (yr)	69.6 ± 5.3	70.3 ± 5.7	-0.697	0.487
Height (cm)	165.0 ± 6.1	163.9 ± 5.5	1.037	0.302
Body weight (kg)	125.1 ± 9.7	126.4 ± 7.5	-0.821	0.413
SBP (mmHg)	129.5 ± 7.6	128.0 ± 8.2	1.039	0.301
DBP (mmHg)	75.2 ± 6.9	76.8 ± 7.7	-1.199	0.233
HR (beats/min)	76.4 ± 8.1	75.0 ± 7.0	1.013	0.313
Sex, n (%)			0.862	0.353
Male	33 (55.00)	38 (63.33)
Female	27 (45.00)	22 (36.67)
hypertension, n (%)			1.269	0.260
Yes	26 (43.33)	20 (33.33)
No	34 (56.67)	40 (66.67)
Diabetes, n (%)			1.713	0.191
Yes	11 (18.33)	6 (10.00)
No	49 (81.67)	54 (90.00)
ASA stage, n (%)			2.874	0.238
I stage	15 (25.00)	10 (16.67)
II stage	35 (58.33)	33 (55.00)
III stage	10 (16.67)	17 (28.33)

SBP: Systolic blood pressure; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; HR: Heart rate; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists.

Table 2 Comparison of surgical indicators between the two groups (mean ± SD)

Group	Operation time (min)	Anesthesia time (min)	Total rehydration (mL)	Urine volume (mL)
Group A (n = 60)	216.3 ± 20.5	233.8 ± 19.5	2568.1 ± 208.4	398.5 ± 58.1
Group B (n = 60)	212.0 ± 22.7	229.5 ± 22.8	2590.4 ± 211.7	410.3 ± 63.5
t value	1.089	1.110	-0.581	-1.062
P value	0.278	0.269	0.562	0.290

Table 3 Comparison of surgical indicators between the two groups (mean ± SD)

Group	Operation time (min)	Anesthesia time (min)	Total rehydration (mL)	Urine volume (mL)
Group A (n = 60)	216.3 ± 20.5	233.8 ± 19.5	2568.1 ± 208.4	398.5 ± 58.1
Group B (n = 60)	212.0 ± 22.7	229.5 ± 22.8	2590.4 ± 211.7	410.3 ± 63.5
t value	1.089	1.110	-0.581	-1.062
P value	0.278	0.269	0.562	0.290

Table 4 Comparison of airway compliance indexes between the two groups (mean ± SD)

Group	T0	T1	T2	T3
Ppeak (cmH2O)
Group A (n = 60)	15.36 ± 2.44	20.06 ± 1.98	21.58 ± 2.74	17.41 ± 2.80
Group B (n = 60)	16.11 ± 2.70	18.62 ± 2.70	20.67 ± 2.68	18.15 ± 2.76
t value	-1.596	3.331	1.839	-1.458
P value	0.113	0.001	0.068	0.148
Pmean (cmH2O)
Group A (n = 60)	8.51 ± 1.84	10.33 ± 1.96	11.36 ± 2.24	10.71 ± 2.54
Group B (n = 60)	8.93 ± 2.00	9.81 ± 2.71	10.95 ± 2.46	10.40 ± 2.75
t value	-1.197	1.204	0.955	0.641
P value	0.234	0.231	0.342	0.522
Cdyn (cmH2O)
Group A (n = 60)	38.64 ± 3.11	30.52 ± 3.04	29.64 ± 3.11	33.75 ± 3.58
Group B (n = 60)	39.33 ± 4.05	28.64 ± 3.58	28.11 ± 2.90	32.68 ± 2.83
t value	-1.047	3.101	2.787	1.816
P value	0.297	0.002	0.006	0.072

P_peak: Peak airway pressure; P_mean: Mean airway pressure; Cdyn: Dynamic pulmonary compliance.

Table 5 Comparison of serum inflammatory factor levels before and after operation between the two groups (mean ± SD)

Group	TNF-α (ng/mL)		IL-6 (pg/mL)		IL-10 (pg/mL)
	Preoperative	4 h after operation	Preoperative	4 h after operation	Preoperative	4 h after operation
Group A (n = 60)	43.26 ± 6.80	76.65 ± 8.77	47.14 ± 5.50	56.94 ± 7.30	34.62 ± 5.10	29.51 ± 4.75
Group B (n = 60)	45.10 ± 6.55	89.28 ± 12.64	45.03 ± 6.28	69.71 ± 10.38	36.36 ± 6.15	25.83 ± 5.08
t value	-1.510	-6.359	1.958	-7.795	-1.687	4.099
P value	0.134	0.000	0.053	0.000	0.094	0.000

TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor-α; IL: Interleukin.

Table 6 Comparison of hemodynamic indexes between two groups of patients before and after operation (mean ± SD)

Group	T0	T1	T2	T3
CO (L/min)
Group A (n = 60)	4.81 ± 0.85	4.43 ± 0.80	4.36 ± 0.75	4.51 ± 0.83
Group B (n = 60)	4.95 ± 0.90	4.30 ± 0.78	4.13 ± 0.80	4.37 ± 0.86
t value	-0.876	0.901	1.625	0.907
P value	0.383	0.369	0.107	0.366
CI [L/(min·m2)]
Group A (n = 60)	4.11 ± 0.40	3.83 ± 0.46	3.51 ± 0.42	3.68 ± 0.40
Group B (n = 60)	4.26 ± 0.44	3.90 ± 0.50	3.30 ± 0.39	3.53 ± 0.44
t value	-1.954	-0.798	2.838	1.954
P value	0.053	0.426	0.005	0.053
SVI (mL/m2)
Group A (n = 60)	47.52 ± 4.63	44.03 ± 3.75	43.85 ± 3.11	45.08 ± 4.09
Group B (n = 60)	48.36 ± 4.90	43.41 ± 4.03	41.66 ± 3.57	44.13 ± 4.37
t value	-0.965	0.872	3.583	1.229
P value	0.336	0.385	0.000	0.221
MAP (mmHg)
Group A (n = 60)	97.63 ± 4.15	88.16 ± 5.20	87.11 ± 4.64	102.84 ± 5.00
Group B (n = 60)	98.90 ± 4.68	86.85 ± 4.96	86.08 ± 5.03	104.07 ± 4.86
t value	-1.573	1.412	1.166	-1.366
P value	0.118	0.161	0.246	0.174

CO: Cardiac output; CI: Cardiac index; SVI: Stroke volume index; MAP: Mean arterial pressure.

Table 7 Comparison of the complication rate between the two groups

Group	Lung infection	Atelectasis	Other	Complication rate (%)
Group A (n = 60)	2	0	1	3 (5.00)
Group B (n = 60)	3	1	3	7 (11.67)
χ2 value				1.745
P value				0.186