Acute myocardial injury in patients with COVID-19: Possible mechanisms and clinical implications

Table 1 Recommendations of thromboprophylaxis and treatment of VTE in patients with coronavirus disease 2019

COVID-19 patients	Prevention	Treatment	Refs.
Outpatient	Thromboprophylaxis is not routinely recommended	DOAC (apixaban, rivaroxaban, dabigatran or edoxaban)	NIH COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines[104], CHEST Guideline[106]
Acutely ill hospitalized patient	LMWH or fondaparinux standard dose	Initial anticoagulation with LMWH or IV UFH or DOAC (apixaban, rivaroxaban)	CHEST Guideline[106]
Critically ill COVID-19 patient	LMWH or UFH standard or intermediate dose	LMWH or fondaparinux	The Royal College of Physicians[105], CHEST Guideline[106], ASH guidelines[107], ISTH interim guidance[108]

COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019; DOAC: Direct oral anticoagulation; NIH: National Institutes of Health; LMWH: Low-molecular-weight heparin; ASH: American Society of Hematology; ISTH: International Society Onthrombosis and Haemostasis; UFH: Unfractionated heparin.