Myeloid sarcoma with ulnar nerve entrapment: A case report

Table 1 Cases of peripheral nerve compression due to myeloid sarcoma over the last 10 years

Ref.	Gender/age (yr)	Leukaemia-Yes (type)/No	Symptoms	Involved segment	Lesion invasion site	Imaging	Bone marrow biopsy	Laboratory test findings	Treatment regimens	Pathology and immunohistochemistry examination
McCarty et al[35]	M/14	No	Headaches, urinary incontinence	Intracranial, extracranial, sacral spine	Cerebral nerve, sacral nerve root	MRI	Positive	WBC: 51 × 109/L; HGB: 113 g/L; platelets: 130 × 109/L	Radiotherapy, chemotherapy	-
Zhu et al[36]	M/36	No	Abdominal pain, pain in right eye, eye protrusion with inability to close	Pancreas, right eye	Pancreas, right optic nerve	CT, MRI, PET-CT	Negative	Mildly elevated liver and pancreatic enzymes	Radiotherapy, chemotherapy	Ki-67 (+ 80%), P53 (approximately 50%), CD43 (+), MPO (+)
Bai et al[24]	M/29	No	Severe radiating pain in lower limbs, moderate difficulty in urination	Waist	Lumbar spine attachment, spinal cord	CT, MRI, SPECT	Negative	WBC: 6.01 × 109/L; RBC: 5.00 × 1012/L; HGB: 158 g/L; platelets: 236 × 109/L; CRP: 2 mg/L; rrythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR): 4 mm/1 h; procalcitonin (PCT): 0.27 ng/mL	Lesion excision, chemotherapy	CD33 (+), MPO (+)
Valsamis et al[37]	M/56	No	Pain in right hip radiating down right leg	Right hip	Right sciatic nerve, lumbosacral plexus	Ultrasound, MRI	-	MONO: 0.9 × 109/L; RBC: 3.56 × 1012/L; HGB: 116 g/L; mean cell volume: 102 fL; CRP: 13 mg/L	-	-
Pandey et al[38]	(1) F/44; (2) F/16; (3) F/63; (4) M/53	(1,2,4) No; (3) Yes (AML)	(1) Neck pain, right arm weakness, and muscle wasting; (2) back pain, bilateral lower extremity tingling, and weakness; (3) lower back pain, bilateral lower extremity weakness, and bowel incontinence; and (4) lower back pain, hip pain, lower extremity weakness, and muscle pain	(1) Cervical spine; (2) thoracic spine; (3) thoracic spine; and (4) lumbar spine	Spinal cord compression	-	(1) Negative; (2) positive; (3) negative; and (4) positive	(1) and (3) Negative; (2) and (4) high WBC	Lesion excision	-
Snoj et al[39]	F/49	Yes [MDS (refractory anaemia with excess blasts)]	Weakness and decreased sensation in right arm, right supraclavicular mass	Left upper limb	Left brachial plexus	Ultrasound, MRI	-	-	Radiotherapy, chemotherapy	-
Yamamoto et al[40]	F/34	Yes (Chronic phase chronic myeloid leukaemia)	Pain in left eye, protrusion of eyeball, blurred vision with headache, and vomiting	Left eye	Left optic nerve	MRI	-	-	-	CD13 (+), CD33 (+), CD117 (+)
Koh et al[41]	M/68	Yes (chronic myeloid leukemia)	Low back pain and numbness in both legs with radiating pain	Thoracic and sacral spine	Spinal cord	MRI, CT	-	-	Chemotherapy	-
Kim et al[42]	M/62	Yes (acute myeloid leukaemia, M2)	Abnormal sensation and weakness of ankle flexion in posterior aspect of left calf and foot	Lower left limb	Sciatic nerve	Ultrasound, MRI	-	-	-	MPO (+)
Rambeloson et al[43]	M/1	No	Bilateral ophthalmoplegia with loss of vision	Bilateral eye	Occulomotor nerve	Myelogram, CT	-	-	-	-
Slouma et al[31]	M/56	No	Progressive back pain and bilateral sciatica	Waist	Lumbar 5th nerve root	MRI	-	WBC: 83 × 109/L; absolute neutrophil count: 60 × 109/L	Chemotherapy	MPO (+), CD13 (+), CD33 (+), CD14 (+), CD4 (+), CD46 (+)
Anqi et al[44]	M/24	No	Limp, numbness in right lower limb, mild urinary frequency, urinary and faecal incontinence	Lumbosacral region	Lumbar and sacral spine	MRI	-	Normal	Lesion excision, chemotherapy	MPO, CD34, CD43 (+)
Ha et al[34]	F/38	Yes (AML)	Subacute radiating pain in right upper limb, weakness	Right upper limb	Right brachial plexus	MRI, PET/CT	-	-	Chemotherapy, hormone shock therapy	CD13(+), CD14 (+) ,CD15 (+), CD33 (+), CD54 (+), CD64 (+), CD117 (+) , MPO (+)

SPECT: Single-photon emission computed tomography; WBC: White blood cell count; RBC: Red blood cell count; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; MS: Myeloid sarcoma; PET/CT: Positron emission tomography/computerised tomography; CRP: C-reactive protein; AML: Acute myeloid leukaemia; HGB: Haemoglobin count; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; PCT: Procalcitonin.