Hem-o-lok clip migration to the common bile duct after laparoscopic common bile duct exploration: A case report

Table 1 Summary of cases of surgical clips migration after laparoscopic biliary surgery

Ref.	Case number	Age in yr	Sex	Operation	Clips	Migrated site	Duration of migration in mo	Finding approach	Clinical manifestation	Treatment
Raoul et al[2], 1992	4	34-65	F	LC	NA	CBD	5-10	NA	Abdominal pain, fever, jaundice	Removed by ERCP
Alberts et al[3], 1999	1	52	M	LC + LCBDE	Metallic clips	CBD	24	CT	Abdominal pain	Removed by ERCP
Ammann et al[15], 2000	1	32	F	LC + laparotomy	Metallic clips	Pulmonary artery	18	CT	Dyspnea	NA
Wang et al[13], 2009	2	42-73	NA	LC + LCBDE	Metallic clips	T-tube sinus	1	Found in drainage bag	Asymptomatic	Drained by T-tube
Wang et al[13], 2009	1	42-73	NA	LC + LCBDE	Metallic clips	Wall of T-tube sinus	1	T-tube choledochoscopy	Asymptomatic	Observation
Liu et al[4], 2012	8	35-76	6 M2 F	LC + LCBDE	H	CBD	2-3	T-tube choledochoscopy	Asymptomatic	Removed by choledochoscopy
Tsai et al[5], 2013	1	66	F	LC	NA	CBD	84	CT	Abdominal pain, fever	Removed by ERCP
Seyyedmajidi et al[14], 2013	1	41	F	LC	H	Duodenum	8	EDG	Abdominal pain	Removed by grasping forceps
Rawal[6], 2016	1	38	F	LC	Metallic clips	CBD	4	Ultrasonography	Abdominal pain, fever, jaundice	Removed by ERCP
Qu et al[7], 2017	1	54	F	LC + LCBDE	H	CBD	12	MRCP	Abdominal pain	Removed by ERCP
Zheng et al[8], 2018	1	NA	M	LC + LCBDE	H	Duodenum	4	EDG	Abdominal pain	Observation
Zheng et al[8], 2018	2	NA	NA	LC + LCBDE	H	CBD	27, 50	NA	Jaundice	Laparotomy operation
Zheng et al[8], 2018	3	NA	NA	LC + LCBDE	Absorbable clips	CBD	6	T-tube choledochoscopy	Asymptomatic	Removed by choledochoscopy
Barabino et al[9], 2019	1	65	M	LC	H	CBD	3	CT	Fever and abdominal pain	Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy
Roh et al[10], 2019	1	65	M	LC	H	CBD	13	CT	Abdominal pain and fever	Removed by ERCP
Pang et al[11], 2019	3	31-83	F	LC + LCBDE	H	Wall of T-tube sinus	3-6	T-tube choledochoscopy	Asymptomatic	Removed by choledochoscopy
Pang et al[11], 2019	1	61	F	LC	H	CBD	NA	Ultrasound	Jaundice, abdominal pain	Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy
Pang et al[11], 2019	1	72	F	LC + LCBDE	H	CBD	18	CT	Abdominal pain	Laparotomy bile duct exploration
Pang et al[11], 2019	1	64	F	LC + LCBDE	H	CBD	4	T-tube cholangiography	Jaundice, fever	PTBD and stent implantation
Kihara et al[12], 2021	1	80	M	LC	H	CBD	36	CT + MRCP	Asymptomatic	Laparoscopic bile duct resection and reconstruction

CBD: Common bile duct; CT: Computed tomography; EDG: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy; F: Female; H: Hem-o-lok clips; LC: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy; LCBDE: Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration; M: Male; MRCP: Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography; NA: Not available; PTBD: Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage.