Nephrotic syndrome in syngeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients: A case report

Figure 1 Specific medication scheme for syngeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. ATG: Antithymocyte globulin; CTX: Cyclophosphamide; MTX: Methotrexate; VP-16: Etoposide; VPA: Valproate sodium.

Figure 2 Results of the short tandem repeat analyses. A: Donor results; B: Recipient results.

Figure 3 Renal biopsy findings. A and B: Mesangial hypercellularity was mild. Mesangial matrix expansion was light, and few intracapillary fibrin thrombi were observed. The capillaries were open, showing a few microthromboses. Basement membrane thickening was observed, with a small number of capsule adhesions but no double contours or spikes; C: Immunoglobulin (Ig) G: Diffuse granular immune reactant on the basement membrane (++++); D: IgA: Diffuse granular immune reactant on the basement membrane (+), electron microscopy; E and F: A large number of fibroblasts were seen in Bowman's space. There were epithelial electron dense deposits in the glomeruli.

Figure 4 Trends in 24-h urine protein and serum creatinine levels during treatment. Scr: Serum creatinine.

Figure 5 Trends in the 24-h urine protein and serum albumin levels during treatment. After treatment with steroid hormones, cyclophosphamide and cyclosporine, the 24-h urinary protein level was significantly reduced and maintained at normal levels for a long period of time.

Figure 6 Medication options for patients during treatment. CsA: Cyclosporine A; CTX: Cyclophosphamide; GC: Glucocorticoid; IS: Immunosuppressant.