Effectiveness of patient education focusing on circadian pain rhythms: A case report and review of literature

Figure 1 Early assessment of the pain circadian rhythm (all observation points). The black square indicates the values when the patient woke up in the morning. VAS: Visual analogue scale.

Figure 2 Early assessment of the pain circadian rhythm (7-d average of each observation point). VAS: Visual analogue scale.

Figure 3 Early assessment of physical activity by time of day (7-d average).

Figure 4 Comparison of light-intensity physical activity for each time point. LIPA: Light-intensity physical activity.

Figure 5 Comparison of pain intensity with high and low light-intensity physical activity. LIPA: Light-intensity physical activity; VAS: Visual analogue scale.

Figure 6 Changes in physical activity at each time of day. Left: Early assessment; Right: Re-assessment.

Figure 7 Changes in pain circadian rhythm (average of each observation point). Left: Early assessment; Right: Re-assessment. VAS: Visual analogue scale.