Traditional investigation and management for recurrent hemarthrosis after total knee arthroplasty: A case report

Figure 1 Aspiration of the knee joint resulted in 40 mL of dark, bloody fluid.

Figure 2 Radiography showed excellent alignment and no prosthetic loosening.

Figure 3 Arthroscopic explorations. A: After thorough lavage of the joint, there was no visible bleeding; B: It was difficult to determine the source of the bleeding after releasing the tourniquet.

Figure 4 Pulsatile bleeding was discovered in the medial sulcus close to the upper pole of the patella.

Figure 5 The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score was 5 points and knee function was perfect.