Repeated pancreatitis-induced splenic vein thrombosis leads to intractable gastric variceal bleeding: A case report and review

Figure 1 Direct portal vein radiography shows an enlarged portal vein; however, the splenic vein and gastric coronary vein could not be imaged.

Figure 2 Enhanced computed tomography scan. A: An enlarged portal vein from the origin of the gastric coronary vein and an enlarged, circuitous gastric coronary vein; B: Splenic vein flow signals in the portal venous phase are absent.

Figure 3 Anatomical resection of the spleen and hematoxylin-eosin staining staining. A: The splenic vein is completely blocked by thrombosis; B: The splenic vein is completely filled by thrombosis.

Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the pathophysiological and blood flow changes in this patient.