Difficulty removing a totally implantable venous access port: A case report

Figure 1 Investigation and surgical images related to the patient’s totally implantable venous access port. A: Chest radiograph taken before totally implantable venous access port removal; B: Image showing the challenges encountered during catheter extraction through the neck incision; C: Digital subtraction angiography performed by inserting the catheter via femoral vein puncture into the internal jugular vein; D: Digital subtraction angiography image of contrast media injection from the totally implantable venous access port; E: Tissue separation around the catheter using a mosquito clamp.