Efficacy and safety analysis of continued nursing of complications in discharged patients after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage

Figure 1 Flow chart of literature retrieval and screening.

Figure 2 Risk analysis of literature bias.

Figure 3 Meta-analysis results. A: Effect of extended nursing on the incidence of biliary tract infection after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD); B: Effect of extended nursing on the incidence of puncture wound infection after PTBD; C: Effect of extended care on the incidence of catheter prolapse or displacement after PTBD; D: Effect of extended care on the incidence of catheter blockage after PTBD; E: Effect of extended care on the incidence of skin infection around drainage tubes after PTBD; F: Effect of extended care on catheter-related readmissions after PTBD.

Figure 4 Biased funnel plot analysis. A: Biliary tract infection; B: Puncture wound infection; C: Readmission for catheter-related reasons; D: Catheter prolapse/displacement; E: Catheter blockage; F: Skin infection around the drainage tube.