Recurrent hemoptysis in pediatric bronchial Dieulafoy’s disease with inferior phrenic artery supply: A case report

Figure 1 Fiberoptic bronchoscopy. A: Multiple nodular protrusions and scar formation in the right middle segment of the bronchial mucosa (arrow); B: Nodular protuberances in the basal segment of the right lower lobe (arrow), where the mucosa could easily bleed.

Figure 2 Computed tomography angiography and angiography of the bronchial artery and inferior phrenic artery. A: The right bronchial artery was tortuous and thickened, branched into a descending vessel, and its distal end was obviously dilated (arrow); B: The bronchial artery near the lower end of the left main bronchus was tortuous and thickened (arrow); C: The coil position was visible after the embolization, and no residual shunt was found (arrows); D: The abdominal aorta celiac trunk abnormally originated from a tortuous thickened artery and moved along the right upper diaphragm (arrow); E: An ectopic artery from the descending aorta under the diaphragm anastomosed with the vascular network of the right lower pulmonary artery (arrow); F: The coil position could be observed after the embolization, and no residual shunt was found (arrow).

Figure 3 Timeline of events in the present case. IPA: Inferior phrenic artery.