Endocrine disruptor chemicals as obesogen and diabetogen: Clinical and mechanistic evidence

Figure 1 General chemical structure of endocrine disruptors. PCB: Polychlorinated bisphenol; PBDE: Polybrominated diphenyl ether.

Figure 2 Potential effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on brown and beige adipogenesis. BPA: Bisphenol A.

Figure 3 Changes in the hypothalamus, adipocyte and gut microbiota caused by bisphenol A exposure in favor of obesity. BPA: Bisphenol A; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; SCFA: Small chain fatty acid; NPY: Neuropeptide Y; AgRP: Agouti related peptide; PPAR: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors; FABP4: Fatty acid binding protein 4; CD36: Cluster of differentiation 36.

Figure 4 Summary of the effects of obesogen and diabetogen on tissues and the relationship of these effects with obesity and diabetes. T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus.