Endoscopic-catheter-directed infusion of diluted (-)-noradrenaline for atypical hemobilia caused by liver abscess: A case report

Figure 1 Enhanced computed tomography scan of the abdomen revealed patchy slightly low-density image at the top of the liver.

Figure 2 Endoscopic nasobiliary drainage revealed fresh blood flowed from the ampulla of Vater.

Figure 3 Angiography. A: Selective hepatic artery angiography did not show active bleeding; B: Endoscopic nasobiliary drainage tube was placed in the right anterior bile duct to implement catheter-directed infusion of diluted (-)-noradrenaline.

Figure 4 Abdominal computed tomography scan. A and B: Abdominal computed tomography scan was performed on postoperative day 10. Liver abscess was absorbed by the ultrasound-guided percutaneous catheter drainage (A); Endoscopic nasobiliary drainage tube was placed in the right anterior bile duct without displacement (B); C and D: Abdominal computed tomography scan was performed 1 mo later. There was no intrahepatic mass found (C); There was no expansion of the bile duct inside and outside the liver (D).