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Goel A, Agrawal K, Mukherjee U, Singla V. Fundic gland adenocarcinoma. BMJ Case Rep 2024; 17:e261983. [PMID: 39631917 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2024-261983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric malignancy is one of the most common malignancies diagnosed worldwide. Over the past many decades, extensive research has been made into the risk factors, pathogenesis and prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma. However, gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland (GA-FG) has been recently defined, and not much is known about its risk factors and pathogenesis. Since the first case, which was reported in 2007, only 195 cases have been described in the literature to date. The rarity of the lesion is the cause of unawareness of this entity among reporting pathologists, often leading to its misdiagnosis. Existing literature shows that the risk factors, pathogenesis and even the prognosis of GA-FG are remarkably different from gastric adenocarcinoma. Hence, early and correct diagnosis can have a significant impact on patient management and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Goel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Max Super Speciality Hospital Saket, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Komal Agrawal
- Department of Histopathology, Max Super Speciality Hospital Saket, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Urmi Mukherjee
- Department of Histopathology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Vikas Singla
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Max Super Speciality Hospital Saket, New Delhi, Delhi, India
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Wang L, Shi H, Wei J, Chen WX, Jin YX, Gu CR, Mu Y, Xu J, Pan SY. SP70 is a novel biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1149397. [PMID: 37091138 PMCID: PMC10117782 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1149397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor-specific protein 70 (SP70) was identified as a new biomarker associated with the proliferation and invasion of cancer cells. This study aimed to investigate the expression of SP70 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and assess its clinical value in the diagnosis and prediction of early HCC recurrence. Methods A total of 1049 subjects from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were recruited in this study. Serum SP70, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence II (PIVKA-II) were measured. The diagnostic performance for HCC was obtained using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and recurrence-free survival (RFS) was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify predictive factors of RFS. Results SP70 was highly expressed in HCC cells and HCC tissue. Serum SP70 levels in the HCC group were significantly higher than in the benign liver diseases group and healthy control group (P<0.001). SP70 combined with AFP showed the best diagnostic performance (AUC=0.909, 95%CI [confidence interval]=0.890-0.929). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients with high SP70 levels had shorter median RFS than those with low SP70 levels (P=0.003). In addition, high SP70 levels were significantly associated with shorter RFS (P=0.037) in the AFP-negative subgroup. Univariate and multivariate analyses confirmed that preoperative serum SP70 level, serum AFP, tumor diameter and microvascular invasion were independent prognostic factors of RFS. Conclusion SP70 is a promising biomarker in diagnosing HCC. High preoperative serum SP70 level is associated with an increased risk of early relapse and could be used as a valuable marker to predict early recurrence of HCC after resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- NHC Contraceptives Adverse Reaction Surveillance Center, Jiangsu Health Development Research Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-Xiu Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue-Xinzi Jin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Rong Gu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Mu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shi-Yang Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Shi-Yang Pan,
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Pavlidis ET, Pavlidis TE. Molecular factors, diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal tract neuroendocrine tumors: An update. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:9573-9587. [PMID: 36186187 PMCID: PMC9516923 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i27.9573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors (GI-NETs) is increasing, and despite recent advances in their therapy, it remains inadequate in patients with advanced well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors. These tumors present many challenges concerning the molecular basis and genomic profile, pathophysiology, clinicopathological features, histopathologic classification, diagnosis and treatment. There has been an ongoing debate on diagnostic criteria and clinical behavior, and various changes have been made over the last few years. Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gastrointestinal system is a rare but highly malignant neoplasm that is genetically distinct from gastrointestinal system neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). The diagnosis and management have changed over the past decade. Emerging novel biomarkers and metabolic players in cancer cells are useful and promising new diagnostic tools. Progress in positron emission tomography-computerized tomography and scintigraphy with new radioactive agents (64Cu-DOTATATE or 68Ga-DOTATATE) replacing enough octreoscan, has improved further the current diagnostic imaging. Promising results provide targeted therapies with biological agents, new drugs, chemotherapy and immunotherapy. However, the role of surgery is important, since it is the cornerstone of management. Simultaneous resection of small bowel NETs with synchronous liver metastases is a surgical challenge. Endoscopy offers novel options not only for diagnosis but also for interventional management. The therapeutic option should be individualized based on current multidisciplinary information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstathios Theodoros Pavlidis
- Department of 2nd Surgical Propedeutic, Hippocration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Medicine, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece
| | - Theodoros Efstathios Pavlidis
- Department of 2nd Surgical Propedeutic, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Medicine, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece
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