• horseshoe kidney
• renal artery
• variation
• computed tomography

Crossed fused renal ectopia is a rare congenital condition that might pose some diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to clinicians. We report a patient with a non-functional crossed fused ectopic left kidney that obstructed the orthotopic kidney in a rarely observed situation.

A 68-year-old male presented a right flank pain with fever. The diagnosis of right obstructive pyelonephritis was dressed, after biological and radiological investigations. The obstacle was a crossed ectopic left kidney in its inferior variety. The ectopic kidney was non-functional as result of an obstructive ureteral calculus. The patient had right ureteral stenting with a double-J catheter. Three months later, left nephrectomy was performed by lumbotomy. Per operative difficulties were mainly the infiltration of peri renal fat, the anarchic vascularization and the multiple small pedicles of the ectopic kidney that was also malrotated with the hilum facing anteriorly. Postoperative recovery was uneventful and the patient left the hospital after three days.

Crossed Fused renal ectopy is rare. As shown in this case, the ectopic kidney might cause damage to the orthotopic kidney, by compression to urinary ducts. Surgery is the main treatment option. Some difficulties related to aberrant vascularization and possible malrotation is to preview.

Crossed fused renal ectopia is uncommon renal anomaly, mostly asymptomatic. However, it may be responsible of some complications, sometimes severe. Surgery can be delicate due to vascular complexity.

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Crossed renal fused ectopy is rare and asymptomatic congenital condition. Association to other malformations is possible.

• Case report
• Crossed fused renal ectopia
• Nephrectomy
• Pyelonephritis
• Renal ectopia

Congenital anomalies of the urinary system are very common and have extremely varied presentation. Among them, the most rarely found structural anomaly is the pancake kidney. When both kidneys are fused along their medial surfaces to form a round-shaped single renal mass, it is termed as pancake kidney. In this case report, a pancake kidney was incidentally detected in a girl. The majority of individuals who have pancake kidney are usually asymptomatic but surgeons should be aware of coexisting malformation of other organs and its potential risk of developing malignancy.

A 12-year-old Bengali girl presented to our out-patient department with mild, dull aching, lower abdominal pain and dysuria. She had no history of fever, hematuria, menstrual abnormality, pelvic inflammatory disease, or trauma. Urine examination showed traces of albumin and 10–12 pus cells/high-power field. She had normal kidney function test but a digital X-ray of her kidney, ureter, and bladder region failed to demonstrate bilateral renal tissue shadows. Ultrasonography of her whole abdomen showed normal intra-abdominal organs except for empty bilateral renal fossa. A multi-detector computed tomography scan of her whole abdomen revealed one round-shaped mass measuring approximately 9 cm (vertical) × 10 cm (horizontal) in the pelvic cavity. That mass was finally identified as a pancake kidney. She was prescribed antibiotics based on urine culture and sensitivity test that cured her symptoms. She was advised to follow-up regularly in our out-patient department to evaluate her kidney function and to rule out any neoplastic change.

This condition can be managed conservatively, if the individual remains asymptomatic, by regular monitoring of renal function. Surgeons should remain alert for the development of infections, any obstructive manifestations leading to calculus formation, and any malignant changes. The individual should be careful in avoiding trauma to low-lying pelvic kidney. Extensive surgeries should be avoided and only selective procedures should be done so that the patient may lead a normal lifestyle.

• Ectopic kidneys
• Empty renal fossa
• Pancake kidney
• Unascended/low-lying fused kidneys

• Kidney
• abnormalities
• ureter

Crossed fused renal ectopia is a rare congenital anomaly of the ascent of the kidney. This anomaly may be observed as a solitary kidney during initial evaluation. A solitary kidney must be evaluated for associated anomalies such as duplication, horseshoe kidney, or crossed renal ectopia.

An anomaly was observed in a 9-mo-old male child who was subsequently diagnosed with crossed fused renal ectopia and vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). In this condition, recurrent febrile urinary tract infection can be a serious problem, and can easily cause renal damage due to relatively short ureters and high pressure in the kidney.

To prevent urosepsis and preserve renal function, early diagnosis and proper management including surgical correction should be considered for the management of renal ectopia with VUR.

• Kidney
• Congenital abnormalities
• Vesicoureteral reflux
• Ureteroneocystostomy
• Politano-Leadbetter
• Case report

Renal fusion abnormalities are rare. Even more rare is pancake kidney. We present a case of a 28-year-old male with symptomatic obstruction of a non-functioning moiety of a pancake kidney. He underwent ureterectomy with a finding of only atretic renal parenchyma at exploration. He recovered well and had resolution of his pain at 3-month follow-up.

• Hydronephrosis
• Renal fusion anomaly
• Ureteral obstruction

Crossed renal ectopia is a rare congenital anomaly, where one of the kidneys crosses the midline and lies opposite to the site of its normal ureteral insertion. Ninety percent of crossed ectopic kidneys are fused to their ipsilateral uncrossed kidney. Crossed renal ectopia without fusion is rare. We present the case of a 53-year-old male with an unusual incidental finding of crossed nonfused renal ectopia, with the left ectopic kidney lying anterior to the right kidney without fusion. The ectopic kidney had dual arterial supply: one from the aorta and another from the right renal artery. It also demonstrated dual venous drainage; a main left renal vein and an accessory renal vein. The main left renal vein joined the right renal vein to form a common renal vein before draining into the inferior vena cava. The accessory renal vein joined the left testicular and left lumbar veins to drain into the inferior vena cava. Multiple bilateral nonobstructing renal calculi were also noted. Although the patient was asymptomatic, the authors highlight potential complications related to the above-mentioned condition and the importance of identification of the findings.

• Congenital anomaly
• Crossed nonfused renal ectopia
• Fusion anomalies of kidney
• Variant blood supply

• murcs association
• torticollis
• failure of segmentation
• forestier disease
• posterior spine ankylosis
• ct scan

• 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development/complications
• Adolescent
• Cervical Vertebrae/abnormalities
• Cervical Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Congenital Abnormalities
• Female
• Humans
• Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal/diagnostic imaging
• Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal/etiology
• Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods
• Infant
• Kidney/abnormalities
• Male
• Mullerian Ducts/abnormalities
• Somites/abnormalities
• Spinal Diseases/diagnostic imaging
• Spinal Diseases/etiology
• Thoracic Vertebrae/abnormalities
• Thoracic Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
• Torticollis/diagnostic imaging
• Torticollis/etiology

• Anastomosis, Surgical/methods
• Humans
• Hydronephrosis/diagnostic imaging
• Hydronephrosis/pathology
• Hydronephrosis/surgery
• Kidney/abnormalities
• Kidney/diagnostic imaging
• Kidney/surgery
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Ureter/abnormalities
• Ureter/diagnostic imaging
• Ureter/surgery
• Urinary Bladder/diagnostic imaging
• Urinary Bladder/surgery
• Urography
• Urologic Surgical Procedures/methods

• Adult
• Female
• Humans
• Incidental Findings
• Kidney/abnormalities
• Kidney/diagnostic imaging
• Rare Diseases/diagnostic imaging
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed/instrumentation
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
• Urography/methods

• Adenocarcinoma/complications
• Adenocarcinoma/diagnostic imaging
• Adenocarcinoma/surgery
• Aged
• Carcinoma, Renal Cell/complications
• Carcinoma, Renal Cell/diagnostic imaging
• Carcinoma, Renal Cell/surgery
• Female
• Hematuria/etiology
• Humans
• Imaging, Three-Dimensional
• Kidney/abnormalities
• Kidney/blood supply
• Kidney/diagnostic imaging
• Renal Artery/abnormalities
• Renal Artery/diagnostic imaging
• Renal Veins/abnormalities
• Renal Veins/diagnostic imaging
• Surgery, Computer-Assisted
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
• Urography/methods