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Lin D, Rezaei MJ. Plant polysaccharides and antioxidant benefits for exercise performance and gut health: from molecular pathways to clinic. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05178-8. [PMID: 39692997 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05178-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 11/26/2024] [Indexed: 12/19/2024]
Abstract
In the last three decades, our understanding of how exercise induces oxidative stress has significantly advanced. Plant polysaccharides, such as dietary fibers and resistant starches, have been shown to enhance exercise performance by improving energy metabolism, reducing fatigue, increasing strength and stamina, mitigating oxidative stress post-exercise, facilitating muscle recovery, and aiding in detoxification. Moreover, antioxidants found in plant-based foods play a crucial role in protecting the body against oxidative stress induced by intense physical activity. By scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative damage, antioxidants can improve exercise endurance, enhance recovery, and support immune function. Furthermore, the interaction between plant polysaccharides and antioxidants in the gut microbiota can lead to synergistic effects on overall health and performance. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current research on plant polysaccharides and antioxidants in relation to exercise performance and gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Lin
- School of Sports, Zhengzhou Shengda University, Zhengzhou, 451191, Henan, China.
| | - Mohammad J Rezaei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Liu H, Feng X, Zhang R, Yuan S, Tian Y, Luo P, Chen J, Zhou X. Safety of medicinal and edible herbs from fruit sources for human consumption: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118429. [PMID: 38851470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Medicinal and edible herbs from fruit sources have been increasingly used in traditional Chinese medicine dietotherapy. There are no restrictions on who could consume the medicinal and edible fruits or on the dosage of consumption. However, their safety for human consumption has yet to be established. AIM OF THE STUDY This systematic review aimed to assess the safety of human consumption of 30 medicinal and edible fruits. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven English and Chinese databases were searched up to May 31, 2023, to collect AE reports following human consumption of medicinal and edible fruits. Eligible reports should include details on the occurrence, symptoms, treatments, and outcomes of AEs. AEs that were life-threatening or caused death, permanent or severe disability/functional loss, or congenital abnormality/birth defects were classified as serious AEs (SAEs). The causality between the consumption of fruits and AEs was graded as one of four ranks: "certain", "probable", "possible", or "unlikely". RESULTS Thirty AE reports related to the consumption of medicinal and edible fruits were included, involving 12 species of fruits: Crataegi fructus, Gardeniae fructus, Mori fructus, Hippophae fructus, Cannabis fructus, Siraitiae fructus, Perillae fructus, Rubi fructus, Longan arillus, Anisi stellati fructus, Zanthoxyli pericarpium, and Lycii fructus. No AE reports were found for the remaining 18 species. A total of 97 AEs, featuring predominantly gastrointestinal symptoms, followed by allergic reactions and neuropsychiatric symptoms, were recorded. Thirty SAEs were noted, with Zanthoxyli pericarpium accounting for the most (14 cases), followed by Perillae fructus (7 cases), Anisi stellati fructus (6 cases), and Gardeniae fructus, Rubi fructus, and Mori fructus (1 case each). Mori fructus was associated with one death. All AEs were concordant with a causality to fruit consumption, judged to be "certain" for 37 cases, "probable" for 53 cases, and "possible" for 7 cases. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that among medicinal and edible fruits, 12 species have AE reports with a causality ranging from "possible" to "definite". SAEs were not scarce. Most AEs may be associated with an excessive dose, prolonged consumption, or usage among infants or young children. No AE reports were found for the remaining 18 species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Liu
- Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xianjie Feng
- Evidence-based Medicine Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Evidence-based Medicine Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yaqi Tian
- Evidence-based Medicine Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Ping Luo
- Evidence-based Medicine Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianrong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
| | - Xu Zhou
- Evidence-based Medicine Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China; Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
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Cho H, Lee DH, Jeong DH, Jang JH, Son Y, Lee SY, Kim HJ. Study on Betaine and Growth Characteristics of Lycium chinense Mill. in Different Cultivation Environments in South Korea. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2316. [PMID: 39204752 PMCID: PMC11359574 DOI: 10.3390/plants13162316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Betaine is a useful compound that has various activities and is the marker compound of Lycium chinense fruit in Korean Pharmacopoeia. we seek to support the stable production of medicinal goji berries, which have significant potential in the pharmaceutical industry due to their high values, and to provide foundational data for consistent quality control. This study's purpose was to examine the correlation among betaine content, environmental variables, and the growth characteristics of L. chinense fruits. The fruits were collected from 25 cultivation sites across South Korea. We investigated five growth characteristics and betaine contents in L. chinense fruits and twelve soil physicochemical properties, and seven meteorological data at cultivation sites. The fruit's growth characteristics included a length of 15.62-26.49 mm, a width of 7.09-11.38 mm, a fresh weight of 0.73-1.62 g, and a sugar content of 11.10-19.62 Brix°. Its betaine content ranged from 0.54% to 0.97%. The betaine content was positively correlated with electrical conductivity (0.327 **), exchangeable potassium (0.314 **), and sodium (0.259 *) and negatively correlated with annual average minimum temperature (-0.256 *) and annual average temperature (-0.242 *). Also, betaine showed a positive correlation with the length of the fruit (0.294 *) and the fresh weight of the fruit (0.238 *). These results can be used to find the best cultivation method and to manage quality control for the highly economical L. chinense fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejung Cho
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju-si 36040, Republic of Korea; (H.C.); (D.H.L.); (D.H.J.); (J.H.J.); (Y.S.); (S.-Y.L.)
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hwan Lee
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju-si 36040, Republic of Korea; (H.C.); (D.H.L.); (D.H.J.); (J.H.J.); (Y.S.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Dae Hui Jeong
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju-si 36040, Republic of Korea; (H.C.); (D.H.L.); (D.H.J.); (J.H.J.); (Y.S.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Jun Hyuk Jang
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju-si 36040, Republic of Korea; (H.C.); (D.H.L.); (D.H.J.); (J.H.J.); (Y.S.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Yonghwan Son
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju-si 36040, Republic of Korea; (H.C.); (D.H.L.); (D.H.J.); (J.H.J.); (Y.S.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Sun-Young Lee
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju-si 36040, Republic of Korea; (H.C.); (D.H.L.); (D.H.J.); (J.H.J.); (Y.S.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Hyun-Jun Kim
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju-si 36040, Republic of Korea; (H.C.); (D.H.L.); (D.H.J.); (J.H.J.); (Y.S.); (S.-Y.L.)
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Lakshmanan Y, Wong FSY, So KF, Chan HHL. Lycium barbarum glycopeptide promotes neuroprotection in ET-1 mediated retinal ganglion cell degeneration. J Transl Med 2024; 22:727. [PMID: 39103918 PMCID: PMC11302070 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05526-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular dysregulation is one of the major risk factors of glaucoma, and endothelin-1 (ET-1) may have a role in the pathogenesis of vascular-related glaucoma. Fruit extract from Lycium Barbarum (LB) exhibits anti-ageing and multitarget mechanisms in protecting retinal ganglion cells (RGC) in various animal models. To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of LB glycoproteins (LbGP) in ET-1 induced RGC degeneration, LbGP was applied under pre- and posttreatment conditions to an ET-1 mouse model. Retina structural and functional outcomes were characterised using clinical-based techniques. METHODS Adult C57BL/6 mice were randomly allocated into four experimental groups, namely vehicle control (n = 9), LbGP-Pretreatment (n = 8), LbGP-Posttreatment (day 1) (n = 8) and LbGP-Posttreatment (day 5) (n = 7). Oral administration of LbGP 1 mg/Kg or PBS for vehicle control was given once daily. Pre- and posttreatment (day 1 or 5) were commenced at 1 week before and 1 or 5 days after intravitreal injections, respectively, and were continued until postinjection day 28. Effects of treatment on retinal structure and functions were evaluated using optical coherence tomography (OCT), doppler OCT and electroretinogram measurements at baseline, post-injection days 10 and 28. RGC survival was evaluated by using RBPMS immunostaining on retinal wholemounts. RESULTS ET-1 injection in vehicle control induced transient reductions in arterial flow and retinal functions, leading to significant RNFL thinning and RGC loss at day 28. Although ET-1 induced a transient loss in blood flow or retinal functions in all LbGP groups, LbGP treatments facilitated better restoration of retinal flow and retinal functions as compared with the vehicle control. Also, all three LbGP treatment groups (i.e. pre- and posttreatments from days 1 or 5) significantly preserved thRNFL thickness and RGC densities. No significant difference in protective effects was observed among the three LbGP treatment groups. CONCLUSION LbGP demonstrated neuroprotective effects in a mouse model of ET-1 induced RGC degeneration, with treatment applied either as a pretreatment, immediate or delayed posttreatment. LbGP treatment promoted a better restoration of retinal blood flow, and protected the RNFL, RGC density and retinal functions. This study showed the translational potential of LB as complementary treatment for glaucoma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamunadevi Lakshmanan
- Laboratory of Experimental Optometry (Neuroscience), School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Francisca Siu Yin Wong
- Laboratory of Experimental Optometry (Neuroscience), School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau (GHM) Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Henry Ho-Lung Chan
- Laboratory of Experimental Optometry (Neuroscience), School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China.
- Research Centre for SHARP Vision (RCSV), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
- Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation (RCMI), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
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Kumar Nelson V, Jha NK, Nuli MV, Gupta S, Kanna S, Gahtani RM, Hani U, Singh AK, Abomughaid MM, Abomughayedh AM, Almutary AG, Iqbal D, Al Othaim A, Begum SS, Ahmad F, Mishra PC, Jha SK, Ojha S. Unveiling the impact of aging on BBB and Alzheimer's disease: Factors and therapeutic implications. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102224. [PMID: 38346505 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a highly prevalent neurodegenerative condition that has devastating effects on individuals, often resulting in dementia. AD is primarily defined by the presence of extracellular plaques containing insoluble β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein (P-tau). In addition, individuals afflicted by these age-related illnesses experience a diminished state of health, which places significant financial strain on their loved ones. Several risk factors play a significant role in the development of AD. These factors include genetics, diet, smoking, certain diseases (such as cerebrovascular diseases, obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia), age, and alcohol consumption. Age-related factors are key contributors to the development of vascular-based neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. In general, the process of aging can lead to changes in the immune system's responses and can also initiate inflammation in the brain. The chronic inflammation and the inflammatory mediators found in the brain play a crucial role in the dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Furthermore, maintaining BBB integrity is of utmost importance in preventing a wide range of neurological disorders. Therefore, in this review, we discussed the role of age and its related factors in the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier and the development of AD. We also discussed the importance of different compounds, such as those with anti-aging properties, and other compounds that can help maintain the integrity of the blood-brain barrier in the prevention of AD. This review builds a strong correlation between age-related factors, degradation of the BBB, and its impact on AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar Nelson
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India.
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India; School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.
| | - Mohana Vamsi Nuli
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sandeep Kanna
- Department of pharmaceutics, Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chalapathi Nagar, Guntur 522034, India
| | - Reem M Gahtani
- Departement of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arun Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mosleh Mohammad Abomughaid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M Abomughayedh
- Pharmacy Department, Aseer Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed G Almutary
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 59911, United Arab Emirates
| | - Danish Iqbal
- Department of Health Information Management, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah 51418, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayoub Al Othaim
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - S Sabarunisha Begum
- Department of Biotechnology, P.S.R. Engineering College, Sivakasi 626140, India
| | - Fuzail Ahmad
- Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Sciences, Almaarefa University, Diriya, Riyadh, 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prabhu Chandra Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Zoology, Kalindi College, University of Delhi, 110008, India.
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Xie M, Liao M, Chen S, Zhu D, Zeng Q, Wang P, Su C, Lian R, Chen J, Zhang J. Cell spray printing combined with Lycium barbarum glycopeptide promotes repair of corneal epithelial injury. Exp Eye Res 2024; 244:109928. [PMID: 38750781 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The corneal epithelium, located as the outermost layer of the cornea, is inherently susceptible to injuries that may lead to corneal opacities and compromise visual acuity. Rapid restoration of corneal epithelial injury is crucial for maintaining the transparency and integrity of the cornea. Cell spray treatment emerges as an innovative and effective approach in the field of regenerative medicine. In our study, a cell spray printing platform was established, and the optimal printing parameters were determined to be a printing air pressure of 5 PSI (34.47 kPa) and a liquid flow rate of 30 ml/h. Under these conditions, the viability and phenotype of spray-printed corneal epithelial cells were preserved. Moreover, Lycium barbarum glycopeptide (LBGP), a glycoprotein purified from wolfberry, enhanced proliferation while simultaneously inhibiting apoptosis of the spray-printed corneal epithelial cells. We found that the combination of cell spray printing and LBGP facilitated the rapid construction of multilayered cell sheets on flat and curved collagen membranes in vitro. Furthermore, the combined cell spray printing and LBGP accelerated the recovery of the rat corneal epithelium in the mechanical injury model. Our findings offer a therapeutic avenue for addressing corneal epithelial injuries and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Xie
- Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Meizhong Liao
- Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Sihui Chen
- Ophthalmology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Deliang Zhu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qiaolang Zeng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, 570000, China
| | - Peiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Caiying Su
- Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Ruiling Lian
- Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, Hunan, 410015, China
| | - Jiansu Chen
- Ophthalmology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, Hunan, 410015, China; Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Visible Light Communication, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Do S, Kim Y, Yim J, Lee KG. Analysis of volatile compounds, betaine, and antioxidant effect in goji berry ( Lycium barbarum L.) powder extracted by various drying methods and extraction solvents. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 9:100798. [PMID: 39027326 PMCID: PMC11254941 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Goji berry (Lycium barbarum L.), a deciduous solanaceous shrub, were subjected to extraction using five solvents (water, 50% and 70% ethanol, and 50% and 70% methanol) and dried using two methods: freeze drying (FD) and spray drying (SD). To investigate the chemical properties of these various goji berry powders, an examination was conducted on the content of volatile compounds, betaine, antioxidant effect, total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid compounds (TFC) (p < 0.05). The total volatile compound content was highest in SD powder with 50% ethanol extract, showing a 66.7% increase over the control. The betaine content was in the range of 9.25-31.9 mg/g dry weight, and it exhibited a significant increase with higher water concentration in the extraction solvent. Betaine, total phenolic compounds and total flavonoid compounds showed a significant increase in the sequence of SD followed by FD (p < 0.05). Overall, the SD sample showed superior benefits when evaluating volatile compounds, betaine, and antioxidant effect. SD was more suitable for drying goji berry, as it retains its appearance and biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subeen Do
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32, Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuri Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32, Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonggab Yim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32, Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Geun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32, Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10326, Republic of Korea
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Zhao J, Xu Y, Li H, An W, Yin Y, Wang B, Wang L, Wang B, Duan L, Ren X, Liang X, Wang Y, Wan R, Huang T, Zhang B, Li Y, Luo J, Cao Y. Metabolite-based genome-wide association studies enable the dissection of the genetic bases of flavonoids, betaine and spermidine in wolfberry (Lycium). PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:1435-1452. [PMID: 38194521 PMCID: PMC11123438 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Wolfberry is a plant with medicinal and food values. However, its bioactive ingredients and the corresponding genetic bases have not been determined. Here, we de novo generated a chromosome-level genome assembly for wolfberry, yielding a genome sequence of ~1.77 Gb with contig N50 of 50.55 Mb and 39 224 predicted gene models. A variation map, using 307 re-sequenced accessions, was called based on this genome assembly. Furthermore, the fruit metabolome of these accessions was profiled using 563 annotated metabolites, which separated Lycium barbarum L. and non-L. barbarum L. The flavonoids, coumarins, alkaloids and nicotinic acid contents were higher in the former than in the latter. A metabolite-based genome-wide association study mapped 156 164 significant single nucleotide polymorphisms corresponding to 340 metabolites. This included 19 219 unique lead single nucleotide polymorphisms in 1517 significant association loci, of which three metabolites, flavonoids, betaine and spermidine, were highlighted. Two candidate genes, LbUGT (evm.TU.chr07.2692) and LbCHS (evm.TU.chr07.2738), with non-synonymous mutations, were associated with the flavonoids content. LbCHS is a structural gene that interacts with a nearby MYB transcription factor (evm.TU.chr07.2726) both in L. barbarum and L. ruthenicum. Thus, these three genes might be involved in the biosynthesis/metabolism of flavonoids. LbSSADH (evm.TU.chr09.627) was identified as possibly participating in betaine biosynthesis/metabolism. Four lycibarbarspermidines (E-G and O) were identified, and only the lycibarbarspermidines O content was higher in L. barbarum varieties than in non-L. barbarum varieties. The evm.TU.chr07.2680 gene associated with lycibarbarspermidines O was annotated as an acetyl-CoA-benzylalcohol acetyltransferase, suggesting that it is a candidate gene for spermidine biosynthesis. These results provide novel insights into the specific metabolite profile of non-L. barbarum L. and the genetic bases of flavonoids, betaine and spermidine biosynthesis/metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Zhao
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center/Wolfberry Science Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuanChina
| | - Yuhui Xu
- Adsen Biotechnology Co., Ltd.UrumchiChina
| | - Haoxia Li
- Desertification Control Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuanChina
| | - Wei An
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center/Wolfberry Science Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuanChina
| | - Yue Yin
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center/Wolfberry Science Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuanChina
| | - Bin Wang
- Wuhan Matware Biotechnology Co., Ltd.WuhanChina
| | - Liping Wang
- School of breeding and multiplcation (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication)Hainan, UniversitySanyaChina
| | - Bi Wang
- School of breeding and multiplcation (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication)Hainan, UniversitySanyaChina
| | - Linyuan Duan
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center/Wolfberry Science Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuanChina
| | - Xiaoyue Ren
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center/Wolfberry Science Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuanChina
| | - Xiaojie Liang
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center/Wolfberry Science Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuanChina
| | - Yajun Wang
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center/Wolfberry Science Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuanChina
| | - Ru Wan
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center/Wolfberry Science Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuanChina
| | - Ting Huang
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center/Wolfberry Science Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuanChina
| | - Bo Zhang
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center/Wolfberry Science Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuanChina
| | - Yanlong Li
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center/Wolfberry Science Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuanChina
| | - Jie Luo
- School of breeding and multiplcation (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication)Hainan, UniversitySanyaChina
| | - Youlong Cao
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center/Wolfberry Science Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesYinchuanChina
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Rushendran R, Begum RF, Singh S A, Narayanan PL, Vellapandian C, Prajapati BG, Paul PK. Navigating neurological disorders: harnessing the power of natural compounds for innovative therapeutic breakthroughs. EXCLI JOURNAL 2024; 23:534-569. [PMID: 38741726 PMCID: PMC11089094 DOI: 10.17179/excli2024-7051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Novel treatments are needed as neurological issues become more frequent worldwide. According to the report, plants, oceans, microorganisms, and animals contain interesting drug discovery compounds. Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and stroke reviews emphasize neurological disorders' complexity and natural substances' safety. Learn about marine-derived and herbal substances' neuroprotective characteristics and applications. Molecular pathways show these substances' neurological healing effects. This article discusses clinical usage of Bryostatin-1, Fucoidan, Icariin, Salvianolic acid, Curcumin, Resveratrol, etc. Their potential benefits for asthma and Alzheimer's disease are complex. Although limited, the study promotes rigorous scientific research and collaboration between traditional and alternative medical practitioners. Unexplored natural compounds, quality control, well-structured clinical trials, and interdisciplinary collaboration should guide future study. Developing and employing natural chemicals to treat neurological illnesses requires ethical sourcing, sustainability, and public awareness. This detailed analysis covers natural chemicals' current state, challenges, and opportunities in neurological disorder treatment. See also the graphical abstract(Fig. 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rapuru Rushendran
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur- 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rukaiah Fatma Begum
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur- 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ankul Singh S
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur- 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pavithra Lakshmi Narayanan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur- 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chitra Vellapandian
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur- 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bhupendra G. Prajapati
- Shree S. K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University, Kherva, 384012, Gujarat, India
| | - Pijush Kumar Paul
- Department of Pharmacy, Gono Bishwabidyalay University, Mirzanagar, Savar, Dhaka-1344, Bangladesh
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PING Y, LIU J, WANG H, WANG Y, QIU H, ZHANG Y. Research progress in the treatment of an immune system disease-type 1 diabetes-by regulating the intestinal flora with Chinese medicine and food homologous drugs. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA, FOOD AND HEALTH 2024; 43:150-161. [PMID: 38966054 PMCID: PMC11220337 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2023-068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a specific autoimmune disease related to genetic and autoimmune factors. Recent studies have found that the intestinal flora is one of the important environmental factors in the development of T1D. The gut microbiota is the largest microbiota in the human body and has a significant impact on material and energy metabolism. Related studies have found that the intestinal floras of T1D patients are unbalanced. Compared with normal patients, the abundance of beneficial bacteria is reduced, and various pathogenic bacteria are significantly increased, affecting the occurrence and development of diabetes. Medicinal and food homologous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a multicomponent, multitarget, and biphasic regulatory effect. Its chemical composition can increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria, improve the diversity of the intestinal flora, reduce blood sugar, and achieve the purpose of preventing and treating T1D by regulating the intestinal flora and its metabolites. Therefore, based on a review of T1D, intestinal flora, and TCM derived from medicine and food, this review describes the relationship between T1D and the intestinal flora, as well as the research progress of TCM interventions for T1D through regulation of the intestinal flora. Medicine and food homologous TCM has certain advantages in treating diabetes and regulating the intestinal flora. It can be seen that there is still great research space and broad development prospects for the treatment of diabetes by regulating the intestinal flora with drug and food homologous TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang PING
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007,
Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Jiamusi
154007, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianing LIU
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007,
Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huilin WANG
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007,
Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan WANG
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007,
Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongbin QIU
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007,
Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu ZHANG
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007,
Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Jiamusi
154007, Heilongjiang, China
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Xing C, Zeng Z, Shan Y, Guo W, Shah R, Wang L, Wang Y, Du H. A Network Pharmacology-based Study on the Anti-aging Properties of Traditional Chinese Medicine Sisheng Bulao Elixir. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:1840-1849. [PMID: 38178682 DOI: 10.2174/0113862073276253231114063813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a rich history of use in preventing senescence for millennia in China. Nonetheless, a systematic method to study the antiaging properties and the underlying molecular mechanism of TCM remains absent. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to decipher the anti-aging targets and mechanisms of Sisheng Bulao Elixir (SBE) using a systematic approach based on a novel aging database and network pharmacology. METHODS Bioactive compounds and target proteins in SBE were identified via the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology (TCMSP) database. Aging-related proteins were uncovered through alignment with the Ageing Alta database. A compound-target (CT) protein network analysis highlighted key flavonoids targeting aging. Core aging-related proteins were extracted through protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Molecular docking validated binding activities between core compounds and aging-related proteins. The antioxidant activity of SBE was confirmed using an in vitro senescent cells model. RESULTS A total of 39 active compounds were extracted from a pool of 639 compounds in SBE. Through a matching process with the Aging Alta, 88 target proteins associated with the aging process were identified. Impressively, 80 out of these 88 proteins were found to be targeted by flavonoids. Subsequently, an analysis using CT methodology highlighted 11 top bioactive flavonoids. Notably, core aging-related proteins, including AKT1, MAPK3, TP53, VEGFA, IL6, and HSP90AA1, emerged through the PPI network analysis. Moreover, three flavonoids, namely quercetin, kaempferol, and luteolin, exhibited interactions with over 100 aging-related proteins. Molecular docking studies were conducted on these flavonoids with their shared three target proteins, namely AKT1, HSP90AA1, and IL6, to assess their binding activities. Finally, the antioxidant properties of SBE were validated using an in vitro model of senescent cells. CONCLUSION This study offers novel insights into SBE's anti-aging attributes, providing evidence of its molecular mechanisms. It enhances our understanding of traditional remedies in anti-aging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cencan Xing
- Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zehua Zeng
- Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yubang Shan
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wenhuan Guo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Roshan Shah
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Luna Wang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yan Wang
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Hongwu Du
- Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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Yang Y, Yu L, Zhu T, Xu S, He J, Mao N, Liu Z, Wang D. Neuroprotective effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on light-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in mouse hippocampal neurons. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 251:126315. [PMID: 37582438 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Light at night (LAN) induced cognitive impairment associated with oxidative stress in mice has been reported. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) exhibits anti-tumor, anti-oxidant and neuroprotective effects, yet the neuroprotective effect on light-induced neuron damage still unclear. Here, mice exposed to LAN displayed cognitive impairment and depressive like behavior, which was reversed by LBP treatment. Meanwhile, LBP alleviated light-induced higher apoptosis and mitochondrial damage in HT-22 cells. Also, LBP prevented the decreased of mitochondrial membrane permeabilization (MMP) level in light-treated cells. Additionally, LBP demonstrated its antioxidant potential by reducing ROS production and malondialdehyde (MDA) level, while simultaneously enhancing the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidases (GSH-Px) in both light-treated mice and HT-22 cells. Furthermore, the mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2 (NF-E2-related factor 2), heme oxygenease-1 (HO-1), and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) were decreased in both light-treated mice and cells. Additionally, LBP treatment reversed light-induced the inhibition of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in both mice and cells. Moreover, Nrf2 antagonist ML385 significantly eliminated the neuroprotection of LBP on cell apoptosis, oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in light-treated cells. These results indicate that LBP can rescue light-induced neurotoxicity in mice and HT-22 cells by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Lin Yu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Tianyu Zhu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Shuwen Xu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Jin He
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Ningning Mao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zhenguang Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Institute of Immunology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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13
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Sun C, Chen X, Yang S, Jin C, Ding K, Chen C. LBP1C-2 from Lycium barbarum alleviated age-related bone loss by targeting BMPRIA/BMPRII/Noggin. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 310:120725. [PMID: 36925250 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Age-related bone loss is unavoidable and effective safe drugs are in great need. The fruit of Lycium barbarum was recorded to strengthen bones in the "Ben Cao Gang Mu (Compendium of Materia Medica)". However, there lacks scientific explanation. Herein, we investigated L. barbarum water extract (LBE), L. barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) and the homogeneous polysaccharide LBP1C-2 on the bone loss in adult mouse, aging mouse and ovariectomized mouse models. LBE, LBP and LBP1C-2 all markedly increased bone mass and bone strength in these models and promoted osteoblast proliferation, differentiation and ossification. Mechanistic studies showed that LBP1C-2 binds directly to the BMP receptors (BMPRIA and BMPRII) and noggin, activates the phosphorylation of Smad and disrupts the interaction between noggin and BMPs. Our results clearly elucidate the mechanism, the critical component and the direct targets of L. barbarum and provide potentially safe natural products and new drug candidate against age-related bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxin Sun
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Shangpo Yang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Can Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Kan Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, SSIP Healthcare and Medicine Demonstration Zone, Zhongshan Tsuihang New District, Zhongshan 528400, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chang Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China.
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14
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Xie Z, Luo Y, Zhang C, An W, Zhou J, Jin C, Zhang Y, Zhao J. Integrated Metabolome and Transcriptome during Fruit Development Reveal Metabolic Differences and Molecular Basis between Lycium barbarum and Lycium ruthenicum. Metabolites 2023; 13:680. [PMID: 37367839 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Wolfberry (Lycium barbarum) is a traditional cash crop in China and is well-known worldwide for its outstanding nutritional and medicinal value. Lycium ruthenicum is a close relative of Lycium barbarum but differs significantly in size, color, flavor and nutritional composition. To date, the metabolic differences between the fruits of the two wolfberry varieties and the genetic basis behind them are unclear. Here, we compared metabolome and transcriptome data of two kinds of wolfberry fruits at five stages of development. Metabolome results show that amino acids, vitamins and flavonoids had the same accumulation pattern in various developmental stages of fruit but that Lycium ruthenicum accumulated more metabolites than Lycium barbarum during the same developmental stage, including L-glutamate, L-proline, L-serine, abscisic acid (ABA), sucrose, thiamine, naringenin and quercetin. Based on the metabolite and gene networks, many key genes that may be involved in the flavonoid synthesis pathway in wolfberry were identified, including PAL, C4H, 4CL, CHS, CHI, F3H, F3'H and FLS. The expression of these genes was significantly higher in Lycium ruthenicum than in Lycium barbarum, indicating that the difference in the expression of these genes was the main reason for the variation in flavonoid accumulation between Lycium barbarum and Lycium ruthenicum. Taken together, our results reveal the genetic basis of the difference in metabolomics between Lycium barbarum and Lycium ruthenicum and provide new insights into the flavonoid synthesis of wolfberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Xie
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Changjian Zhang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wei An
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Wolfberry Science Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Cheng Jin
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jianhua Zhao
- National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Wolfberry Science Research Institute, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China
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15
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Li X, Holt RR, Keen CL, Morse LS, Zivkovic AM, Yiu G, Hackman RM. Potential roles of dietary zeaxanthin and lutein in macular health and function. Nutr Rev 2023; 81:670-683. [PMID: 36094616 PMCID: PMC11494239 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lutein, zeaxanthin, and meso-zeaxanthin are three xanthophyll carotenoid pigments that selectively concentrate in the center of the retina. Humans cannot synthesize lutein and zeaxanthin, so these compounds must be obtained from the diet or supplements, with meso-zeaxanthin being converted from lutein in the macula. Xanthophylls are major components of macular pigments that protect the retina through the provision of oxidant defense and filtering of blue light. The accumulation of these three xanthophylls in the central macula can be quantified with non-invasive methods, such as macular pigment optical density (MPOD). MPOD serves as a useful tool for assessing risk for, and progression of, age-related macular degeneration, the third leading cause of blindness worldwide. Dietary surveys suggest that the dietary intakes of lutein and zeaxanthin are decreasing. In addition to low dietary intake, pregnancy and lactation may compromise the lutein and zeaxanthin status of both the mother and infant. Lutein is found in modest amounts in some orange- and yellow-colored vegetables, yellow corn products, and in egg yolks, but rich sources of zeaxanthin are not commonly consumed. Goji berries contain the highest known levels of zeaxanthin of any food, and regular intake of these bright red berries may help protect against the development of age-related macular degeneration through an increase in MPOD. The purpose of this review is to summarize the protective function of macular xanthophylls in the eye, speculate on the compounds' role in maternal and infant health, suggest the establishment of recommended dietary values for lutein and zeaxanthin, and introduce goji berries as a rich food source of zeaxanthin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- are with the Department of Nutrition, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Roberta R Holt
- are with the Department of Nutrition, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Carl L Keen
- are with the Department of Nutrition, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
- is with the Department of Internal Medicine, UC Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Lawrence S Morse
- are with the Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Angela M Zivkovic
- re with the Department of Nutrition, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Glenn Yiu
- are with the Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Robert M Hackman
- are with the Department of Nutrition, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA
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Guo Z, Wang Z, Liu Y, Wu H, Zhang Q, Han J, Liu J, Zhang C. Carbon Dots from Lycium barbarum Attenuate Radiation-Induced Bone Injury by Inhibiting Senescence via METTL3/Clip3 in an m 6A-Dependent Manner. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:20726-20741. [PMID: 37088945 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced bone injury management remains a challenge in clinical practice, and there is no effective medicine. Recently, biomass-derived carbon dots (CDs) have attracted attention in biomedical engineering due to the advantages of abundant heteroatoms, low toxicity, and no need to drug loading. Here, we report that CDs, synthesized from Lycium barbarum via hydrothermal strategy, can effectively alleviate radiation-induced bone injury. CCK-8, apoptosis analysis, β-galactosidase staining, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blots demonstrate that CDs can mediate radiation-induced damage and senescence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). CDs regulate osteogenic- and adipogenic-balance after irradiation, shown by alizarin red and oil red O staining. In vivo experiments reveal that CDs prevent the occurrence of osteoradionecrosis in rats, demonstrated by micro-CT and histology examination. The osseointegration of titanium implants installed in irradiated bone is promoted by CDs. Mechanistically, CDs increase the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) level of irradiated BMSCs via the increased methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3). High-throughput sequencing facilitates detection of increased m6A levels located in the 3'-untranslated regions (UTR) of the CAP-Gly domain containing linker protein 3 (Clip3) mRNA. The dual-luciferase reporter assay shows that 3'UTR is the direct target of METTL3. Subsequently, the increased m6A modification led to enhanced degradation of mRNA and downregulated CLIP3 expression, eventually resulting in the alleviation of radiation-induced bone injury. Interfering with the METTL3/Clip3 axis can antagonize the effect of CDs, indicating that CDs mediate radiation-induced bone injury via the METTL3/Clip3 axis. Taken together, CDs from L. barbarum alleviate radiation-induced bone injury by inhibiting senescence via regulation of m6A modification of Clip3. The present study paves a new pathway for the management of radiation-induced bone injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Guo
- Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zilin Wang
- Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yige Liu
- Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Qiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jiannan Liu
- Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Chenping Zhang
- Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
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Chen T, Hsu YH, Lee HM. Appeals of Chinese medicinal cuisine promotion. Food Qual Prefer 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2023.104855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
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Zhang L, Gong Y, Zhang L, Liang B, Xu H, Hu W, Jin Z, Wu X, Chen X, Li M, Shi L, Shi Y, Li M, Huang Y, Wang Y, Yang L. Gou Qi Zi inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis through the PI3K/AKT1 signaling pathway in non-small cell lung cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1034750. [PMID: 36591458 PMCID: PMC9796997 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1034750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gou Qi Zi (Lycium barbarum) is a traditional herbal medicine with antioxidative effects. Although Gou Qi Zi has been used to prevent premature aging and in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), its mechanism of action in NSCLC remains unclear. The present study utilized network pharmacology to assess the potential mechanism of action of Gou Qi Zi in the treatment of NSCLC. Methods The TCMSP, TCMID, SwissTargetPrediction, DrugBank, DisGeNET, GeneCards, OMIM and TTD databases were searched for the active components of Gou Qi Zi and their potential therapeutic targets in NSCLC. Protein-protein interaction networks were identified and the interactions of target proteins were analyzed. Involved pathways were determined by GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses using the Metascape database, and molecular docking technology was used to study the interactions between active compounds and potential targets. These results were verified by cell counting kit-8 assays, BrdU labeling, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and qRT-PCR. Results Database searches identified 33 active components in Gou Qi Zi, 199 predicted biological targets and 113 NSCLC-related targets. A network of targets of traditional Chinese medicine compounds and potential targets of Gou Qi Zi in NSCLC was constructed. GO enrichment analysis showed that Gou Qi Zi targeting of NSCLC was mainly due to the effect of its associated lipopolysaccharide. KEGG pathway analysis showed that Gou Qi Zi acted mainly through the PI3K/AKT1 signaling pathway in the treatment of NSCLC. Molecular docking experiments showed that the bioactive compounds of Gou Qi Zi could bind to AKT1, C-MYC and TP53. These results were verified by experimental assays. Conclusion Gou Qi Zi induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of NSCLC in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanju Gong
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Liang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wangming Hu
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhong Jin
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiongbin Chen
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Li
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangqin Shi
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaping Shi
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingjian Li
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Lan Yang, ;
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Comparative Analysis of the Phenolic Profile of Lycium barbarum L. Fruits from Different Regions in China. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27185842. [PMID: 36144578 PMCID: PMC9501245 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lycium barbarum L. (LB) fruits have high nutritive values and therapeutic effects. The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the differences in phenolic composition of LB fruits from different geographical regions. Different methods of characterization and statistical analysis of data showed that different geographic sources of China could be significantly separated from each other. The highest total phenolic compound (TPC) content was observed in LB fruits from Ningxia (LBN), followed by those from Gansu (LBG) and Qinghai (LBQ). The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of LB fruits revealed that LBQ had a peak at 2972 cm−1 whereas there was no similar peak in LBG and LBQ. A new HPLC method was established for the simultaneous determination of 8 phenolic compounds by quantitative analysis of multiple components by a single marker (QAMS), including 4 phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, and ferulic acid), 1 coumarin (scopoletin), and 3 flavonoids (kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, rutin, and narcissoside). It was showed that rutin was the most dominant phenolic compound in LBQ, although the average content of 4 phenolic acids was also high in LBQ, and scopoletin was the richest in LBG. UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used to qualitatively analyze the phenolics, which showed LBN was abundant in phenolic acids, LBQ was rich in flavonoids, and coumarins were the most plentiful in LBG. In conclusion, this study can provide references for the quality control and evaluation of phenolics in LB fruits and their by-products.
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20
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Liu T, Xu G, Liang L, Xiao X, Zhao Y, Bai Z. Pharmacological effects of Chinese medicine modulating NLRP3 inflammasomes in fatty liver treatment. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:967594. [PMID: 36160411 PMCID: PMC9492967 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.967594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a key contributing factor in the pathogenesis of fatty liver diseases (FLD), such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcohol-associated liver diseases (ALDs). The NLRP3 inflammasome is widely present in the hepatic parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells, which are assembled and activated by sensing intracellular and extracellular danger signals resulting in the matures of IL-1β/IL-18 and pyroptosis. Moreover, the aberrant activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is considered the main factor to drives immune outbreaks in relation to hepatic injury, inflammation, steatosis, and fibrosis. Therefore, inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome may be a promising therapeutic target for FLD. Currently, accumulating evidence has revealed that a number of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) exert beneficial effects on liver injury via inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Here, we summarized the mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasomes in the progression of FLD, and TCM exerts beneficial effects on FLD via positive modulation of inflammation. We describe that TCM is a promising valuable resource for the prevention and treatment agents against FLD and has the potential to be developed into clinical drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- Senior Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Guizhou, China
| | - Guang Xu
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaofang Bai, ; Guang Xu, ; Yanling Zhao,
| | - Longxin Liang
- Senior Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- Senior Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaofang Bai, ; Guang Xu, ; Yanling Zhao,
| | - Zhaofang Bai
- Senior Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaofang Bai, ; Guang Xu, ; Yanling Zhao,
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21
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Zhang Y, Meng J, Zhang L, Bao J, Shi W, Li Q, Wang X. Shudi Erzi San relieves ovary aging in laying hens. Poult Sci 2022; 101:102033. [PMID: 35926353 PMCID: PMC9356177 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Poultry meat and eggs are a primary source of animal protein. To meet the market needs, high yield laying hens are reared continuously, resulting in quick ovary aging. Thus, we investigated the anti-aging effects of Shudi Erzi San (SES) on laying hens. Sixty 300-day-old laying hens were divided into 2 experimental groups and a control group. The control group was fed on a basic diet, which was supplemented with 1% and 2% SES for experimental groups I and II, respectively. Egg quality and changes in serum hormones and blood-biochemical indicators of laying hens were determined. The rate of egg production was significantly higher in group Ⅱ than in both the control and group Ⅰ by 9.29 and 8.22 percentage points, respectively (P < 0.05). Eggshell strength of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01). Albumen height and Haugh Units of group Ⅱ were significantly higher than those of the control (P < 0.05). Serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone and estradiol in group Ⅱ were significantly higher than those of both the control and group Ⅰ (P < 0.05), whereas groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ had significantly higher serum levels of luteinizing hormone than the control (P < 0.05). Levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) did not significantly differ between the control and group Ⅰ (P > 0.05), but SOD and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in group Ⅱ were significantly higher and lower, respectively (P < 0.05) when compared to the control. Compared with the control, uric acid levels in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly lower (P < 0.05), as was urea nitrogen in group Ⅱ (P < 0.05). Transcriptome and KEGG pathway analysis of ovarian tissues of laying hens showed a significant immune related signal pathway as the possible main regulator of a lysosome related signal pathway. Thus, supplementing chicken feed with SES improves egg production and quality and alleviates ovarian decline in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Jiacheng Meng
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Linchao Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Jialu Bao
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Wanyu Shi
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Qian Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine of Hebei Province, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
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22
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Feng T, Zhang M, Sun Q, Mujumdar AS, Yu D. Extraction of functional extracts from berries and their high quality processing: a comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7108-7125. [PMID: 35187995 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2040418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Berry fruits have attracted increasing more attention of the food processing industry as well as consumers due to their widely acclaimed advantages as highly effective anti-oxidant properties which may provide protection against some cancers as well as aging. However, the conventional extraction methods are inefficient and wasteful of solvent utilization. This paper presents a critical overview of some novel extraction methods applicable to berries, including pressurized-liquid extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, enzyme-assisted extraction as well as some combined extraction methods. When combined with conventional methods, the new technologies can be more efficient and environmentally friendly. Additionally, high quality processing of the functional extracts from berry fruits, such as refined processing technology, is introduced in this review. Finally, progress of applications of berry functional extracts in the food industry is described in detail; this should encourage further scientific research and industrial utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province International Joint Laboratory on Fresh Food Smart Processing and Quality Monitoring, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Arun S Mujumdar
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dongxing Yu
- Shanghao Biotech Co., Ltd, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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23
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Li Y, Li X, Li X, Zeng Z, Strang N, Shu X, Tan Z. Non-neglectable therapeutic options for age-related macular degeneration: A promising perspective from traditional Chinese medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 282:114531. [PMID: 34474141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease which causes irreversible central vision loss among the elderly population. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), including formulas, acupuncture and herbs, has been used in the treatment of AMD for thousands of years and is currently used by many AMD patients around the world. AIM OF THE REVIEW A comprehensive, in-depth literature review examining the use of TCM in the treatment of AMD has yet to be compiled. This review will improve current knowledge relating to the use of TCM and will open new avenues of exploration in developing new drugs for the treatment of AMD. METHODS A literature search of the PubMed database, Web of Science, Google Scholar and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) was performed using relevant terms and keywords related to TCM in the treatment of AMD. Related books, PhD and master's theses were also researched. RESULTS The TCM-based interpretation of AMD has been used to establish a theoretical foundation for understanding the effect of TCM formulas and acupuncture on AMD. The possible mechanism of action of common Chinese herbs has also been discussed in detail. CONCLUSION TCM is a promising treatment option of AMD patients. However, lack of rigorous scientific evidence has limited the impact and uptake of TCM therapy. Future research should focus on improving understanding of the mechanism of action and bioactive components of TCM therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, PR China
| | - Xing Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, 422000, PR China
| | - Xiaoya Li
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, PR China
| | - Zhihong Zeng
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, Hunan, 410022, PR China
| | - Niall Strang
- Department of Vision Science, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK
| | - Xinhua Shu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, 422000, PR China; Department of Vision Science, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK; Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK.
| | - Zhoujin Tan
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, PR China.
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24
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Zhao WH, Zhang YD, Shi YP. Visualizing the spatial distribution of endogenous molecules in wolfberry fruit at different development stages by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging. Talanta 2021; 234:122687. [PMID: 34364486 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Wolfberry fruit has been attracting attention for centuries in Asian countries as a traditional herbal medicine and valuable nourishing tonic. Revealing the spatial distribution changes of important endogenous molecules during plant development is of great significance for investigating the physiological roles, nutritional and potential functional values of phytochemicals in wolfberry fruit. However, their spatial distribution information during fruit development has not been extensively explored due to the lack of efficient analytical techniques. In this work, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) was performed to visualize the spatial distribution of the endogenous molecules during fruit development. From the mass spectrum imaging, the choline, betaine and citric acid were distributed evenly throughout the entire fruit at all development stages. The hexose was distributed in the endocarp and flesh tissue, while sucrose was located in the seeds. Additionally, several phenolic acids and flavonoids were accumulated in the exocarp during fruit development, which indicated that they seemingly played protective roles in wolfberry fruit growth progress against abiotic and biotic stress. From the collected data, we found that the signal intensities of citric acid were decreased, while choline, betaine, hexose and sucrose were increased with fruit development. These results indicate that MALDI-MSI may become a favorable tool for studying of the spatial distribution and effective use of endogenous molecules, which provide a simple and intuitive way for authenticity identification, classification of drug food homologous foods and further understanding the physiological roles of endogenous molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hua Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yi-Da Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Yan-Ping Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
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25
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Chai T, Zhang WH, Jiao H, Qiang Y. Hydroxycinnamic Acid Amide Dimers from Goji Berry and Their Potential Anti-AD Activity. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100436. [PMID: 34664781 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Three undescribed hydroxycinnamic acid amide dimers 1-3 were isolated and identified from an extract of Goji berry. Their molecular structures were elucidated based on NMR, MS, and IR spectra analysis. Compounds 1-3 were hydroxycinnamic acid amide dimers, which possess a cyclic butane moiety formed by head-to-head connection. These compounds at 25 μM showed the disaggregation potency on the copper-mediated Aβ1-42 aggregation ranging from 27.3±3.2 to 31.0±2.9 %. This study provides new information on the antiaging traditional usage of goji berry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Chai
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Han Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Hui Jiao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yin Qiang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
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26
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Carotenoid Contents of Lycium barbarum: A Novel QAMS Analyses, Geographical Origins Discriminant Evaluation, and Storage Stability Assessment. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175374. [PMID: 34500806 PMCID: PMC8433794 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the standard substances of zeaxanthin and its homologues obtained from Lycium barbarum L. (LB) are extremely scarce and unstable, a novel quantitative analysis of carotenoids by single marker method, named QAMS, was established. Four carotenoids including lutein, zeaxanthin, β-carotene, and zeaxanthin dipalmitate were determined simultaneously by employing trans-β-apo-8′-carotenal, a carotenoid component which did not exist in LB, as standard reference. Meanwhile, β-carotene, another carotenoid constituent which existed in LB, was determined as contrast. The QAMS methods were fully verified and exhibited low standard method difference with the external standard method (ESM), evidenced by the contents of four carotenoids in 34 batches of LB samples determined using ESM and QAMS methods, respectively. HCA, PCA, and OPLS-DA analysis disclosed that LB samples could be clearly differentiated into two groups: one contained LB samples collected from Ningxia and Gansu; the other was from Qinghai, which was directly related to the different geographical location. Once exposed under high humidity (RH 75 ± 5%) at a high temperature (45 ± 5 °C) as compared with ambient temperature (25 ± 5 °C), from day 0 to day 28, zeaxanthin dipalmitate content was significantly decreased, and ultimately, all the decrease rates reached about 80%, regardless of the storage condition. Our results provide a good basis for improving the quality control of LB.
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27
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Choi Y, Jung K, Kim HJ, Chun J, Ahn M, Jee Y, Ko HJ, Moon C, Matsuda H, Tanaka A, Kim J, Shin T. Attenuation of Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis in Lewis Rats by Betaine. Exp Neurobiol 2021; 30:308-317. [PMID: 34483144 PMCID: PMC8424381 DOI: 10.5607/en21011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) is an animal model of human autoimmune uveitis that is characterized by the infiltration of autoimmune T cells with concurrent increases in pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species. This study aimed to assess whether betaine regulates the progression of EAU in Lewis rats. EAU was induced via immunization with the interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) and oral administration of either a vehicle or betaine (100 mg/kg) for 9 consecutive days. Spleens, blood, and retinas were sampled from the experimental rats at the time of sacrifice and used for the T cell proliferation assay, serological analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry. The T cell proliferation assay revealed that betaine had little effect on the proliferation of splenic T cells against the IRBP antigen in an in vitro assay on day 9 post-immunization. The serological analysis showed that the level of serum superoxide dismutase increased in the betaine-treated group compared with that in the vehicle-treated group. The anti-inflammatory effect of betaine was confirmed by the downregulation of pro-inflammation-related molecules, including vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and interleukin-1β in the retinas of rats with EAU. The histopathological findings agreed with those of ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 immunohistochemistry, further verifying that inflammation in the retina and ciliary bodies was significantly suppressed in the betaine-treated group compared with the vehicle-treated group. Results of the present study suggest that betaine is involved in mitigating EAU through anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Choi
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Kyungsook Jung
- Functional Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup 56212, Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Kim
- Department of Food Bioengineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Jiyoon Chun
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Meejung Ahn
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Science, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Korea
| | - Youngheun Jee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Ko
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Hiroshi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Molecular Pathology and Therapeutics, Division of Animal Life Science, Graduate School, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-850
| | - Akane Tanaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Molecular Pathology and Therapeutics, Division of Animal Life Science, Graduate School, Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-850
| | - Jeongtae Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan 49267, Korea
| | - Taekyun Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
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Liu ZC, Yu WW, Zhou HC, Lan ZC, Wu T, Xiong SM, Yan L, Liu HB. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides ameliorate LPS-induced inflammation of RAW264.7 cells and modify the behavioral score of peritonitis mice. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13889. [PMID: 34426988 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the anti-inflammatory effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) and the possible molecular mechanism thereof were examined, so as to perceive the pharmacological action of LBP. With acute peritonitis in mice as the inflammatory model, the protective effect of LBP on peritonitis mice was evaluated by recording the effect of behavioral scores, studying the pathological damage of intestine and liver, and detecting the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, by establishing an lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophage model, the effect of LBP on RAW264.7 cell phenotype and culture supernatant inflammatory markers was observed. Finally, the activation of inflammation-related target genes, such as iNOS, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65, and IκBα, were further detected. The results reveal that pretreatment with LBP could decrease the behavioral score of inflammatory mice, inhibit the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors, and reduce liver and intestine injury. LBP can regulate the effect of lipopolysaccharide on the polarization of RAW264.7 cells, and reduce the production of NO and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6). Further, LBP pretreatment was found to be able to significantly reduce the expression of iNOS, TLR4, NF-κB p65, and IκBα in macrophages. The present research provides evidence that LBP exerts potential anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages via inhibiting TLR4 and NF-κB inflammatory sites and improving the behavior score of peritonitis mice. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: In recent years, the number of deaths worldwide has continued to rise as a result of inflammation. Despite said rise in deaths, many synthetic drugs with anti-inflammatory properties are significantly expensive and also have a host of side effects. Thus, the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs derived from medicinal plants has broad application potential. As such, in the present study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages were used to establish inflammatory cell models to verify the anti-inflammatory effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP). Findings were made that LBP could reduce the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and NO by regulating macrophage polarization and NF-κB translocation, and thus, could exert anti-inflammatory activity. In addition, by intraperitoneal injection of LPS to establish peritonitis mice models, LBP pretreatment was found to have significantly modified the behavioral score of mice, while decreasing the secretion of inflammatory factors and the damage to several organs. The present study provides a basis for further understanding the effects of LBP in acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chang Liu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Wen Yu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Cun Zhou
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Gansu Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Cang Lan
- Department of General Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Meng Xiong
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Long Yan
- Department of General Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,Clinical Medical College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Bin Liu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,Clinical Medical College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
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29
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Zheng X, Wang J, Bi F, Li Y, Xiao J, Chai Z, Li Y, Miao Z, Wang Y. Protective effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on ovariectomy‑induced cognition reduction in aging mice. Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:121. [PMID: 33955518 PMCID: PMC8121556 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Women experience cognitive decline as they age due to the decrease in estrogen levels following menopause. Currently, effective pharmaceutical treatments for age‑related cognitive decline are lacking; however, several Traditional Chinese medicines have shown promising effects. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) were found to exert a wide variety of biological activities, including anti‑inflammatory, antioxidant and anti‑aging effects. However, to the best of our knowledge, the neuroprotective actions of LBP on cognitive impairment induced by decreased levels of estrogen have not yet been determined. To evaluate the effects of LBP on learning and memory impairment in an animal model of menopause, 45 female ICR mice were randomly divided into the following three groups: i) Sham; ii) ovariectomy (OVX); and iii) OVX + LBP treatment. The results of open‑field and novel object recognition tests revealed that mice in the OVX group had learning and memory impairments, and lacked the ability to recognize and remember new objects. Notably, these deficits were attenuated following LBP treatment. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed the protective effects of LBP on hippocampal neurons following OVX. To further investigate the underlying mechanism of OVX in mice, mRNA sequencing of the hippocampal tissue was performed, which revealed that the Toll‑like receptor 4 (TLR4) inflammatory signaling pathway was significantly upregulated in the OVX group. Moreover, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that OVX induced hippocampal injury, upregulated the expression levels of TLR4, myeloid differentiation factor 88 and NF‑κB, and increased the expression of TNF‑α, IL‑6 and IL‑1β inflammatory factors. Conversely, LBP treatment downregulated the expression levels of mRNAs and proteins associated with the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway, decreased the inflammatory response and reduced neuronal injury in mice that underwent OVX. In conclusion, the findings of the present study indicated that oral LBP treatment may alleviate OVX‑induced cognitive impairments by downregulating the expression levels of mRNAs and proteins associated with the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway, thereby reducing neuroinflammation and damage to the hippocampal neurons. Thus, LBP may represent a potential agent for the prevention of learning and memory impairments in patients with accelerated aging caused by estrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, 750004, P.R. China
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Junyan Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Fengchen Bi
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Yilu Li
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Xiao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Chai
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Yunhong Li
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Miao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
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Xiao Z, Deng Q, Zhou W, Zhang Y. Immune activities of polysaccharides isolated from Lycium barbarum L. What do we know so far? Pharmacol Ther 2021; 229:107921. [PMID: 34174277 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lycium barbarum is widely used as a functional food and medicinal herb to promote health and longevity in China and in some other Asian countries. In modern pharmacological and chemical studies, the most valuable and well-researched component of L. barbarum is a group of unique water-soluble glycoconjugates that are collectively termed Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs). Numerous modern pharmacological studies have revealed that LBPs possess antiaging, antidiabetic, antifibrotic, neuroprotective, and immunomodulation properties, while the immunomodulatory effect is primary and is involved in other activities. However, due to their structural heterogeneity and lack of chromophores, it has long been unclear how LBPs work on the immune system. A few studies have recently provided some insights into the proposed mode of action of LBPs, such as structure-activity relationships, receptor recognition, and gut microbiota modulation of LBPs. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the immunoregulating properties of LBPs and their related mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Xiao
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qi Deng
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenxia Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Yongxiang Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China; State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China.
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31
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Wang Y, Xiao J, Duan Y, Miao M, Huang B, Chen J, Cheng G, Zhou X, Jin Y, He J, Li Z, So KF. Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide Ameliorates Sjögren's Syndrome in a Murine Model. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2001118. [PMID: 33825332 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202001118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). METHODS AND RESULTS Non-obese diabetic mice (the pSS model) are randomly divided into four groups: Low dose LBP (LBP.L, 5 mg kg-1 d-1 ), high dose LBP (10 mg kg-1 d-1 ), low dose interleukin (IL)-2 (25 000 IU/d), and control (saline water). Drugs were treated for 12 weeks. LBP.L significantly reduces the salivary gland inflammation compared with the control group (histological score p LBP.L vs Control = 0.019; foci number: p LBP.L vs Control = 0.038). LBP.L also remarkably reduces the effector follicular helper T (Tfh) cells and the CD4+ IL-17A+ helper T (Th17) cells in both spleen and cervical lymph node (cLN) cells. Additionally, the ratios of regulatory T cell (Treg)/Tfh cells and Treg/Th17 cells are substantially increased in mice treated with LBP.L in both spleen and cLNs. LBP also inhibits Th17 and Tfh cells and markedly increases the Treg/Tfh ratio in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. CONCLUSION LBP.L inhibits the progression of pSS in mice, associated with modulation of T cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Xiao
- Clinical Research Institute and Department of Interventional Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuchen Duan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Miao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Gong Cheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyu Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuebo Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanguo Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- GMH Institute of Central Nervous System Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Integrative Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome Reveals Salt Stress Orchestrating the Accumulation of Specialized Metabolites in Lycium barbarum L. Fruit. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094414. [PMID: 33922536 PMCID: PMC8122869 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt stress seriously affects yield and quality of crops. The fruit of Lycium barbarum (LBF) is extensively used as functional food due to its rich nutrient components. It remains unclear how salt stress influences the quality of LBF. In this study, we identified 71 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and 1396 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among ripe LBF with and without 300 mM of NaCl treatment. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the metabolomic changes caused by salt stress were strongly related to oxidoreductases; hydrolases; and modifying enzymes, in particular, acyltransferases, methyltransferases and glycosyltransferases. Further analysis revealed that salt stress facilitated flavonoid glycosylation and carotenoid esterification by boosting the expression of structural genes in the biosynthetic pathways. These results suggested that salt stress prompts the modification of flavonoids and carotenoids to alleviate ROS damage, which in turn improves the quality of LBF. Our results lay a solid foundation for uncovering the underlying molecular mechanism of salt stress orchestrating LBF quality, and the candidate genes identified will be a valuable gene resource for genetic improvement of L. barbarum.
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Liu JJ, Zhao GX, He LL, Wang Z, Zibrila AI, Niu BC, Gong HY, Xu JN, Soong L, Li CF, Lu Y. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides inhibit ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial injury via the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:657-667. [PMID: 33868952 PMCID: PMC8041662 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is considered to be one of main pathophysiological mechanisms in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP), the main ingredient of Lycium barbarum, have potential antioxidant activity. We aimed to investigate the effects of LBP on myocardial I/R injury and explore the underlying mechanisms. Myocardial I/R group was treated with or without LBP to evaluate oxidative stress markers and the role of Nrf2 signal pathway. Our results showed that I/R increased infarct size and the activities of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) when compared with control group. Meanwhile, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were enhanced and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) were decreased. These changes were associated with a significant increase in myocardial apoptosis, ultimately leading to cardiac dysfunction. LBP reduced infarct size (38.4 ± 2 % versus 19.4 ± 1.8 %, p < 0.05), CK and LDH activities and myocardial apoptotic index. Meanwhile, LBP suppressed the production of ROS and restored redox status. Additionally, LBP increased protein level of nuclear Nrf2 in vivo (2.1 ± 0.3 versus 3.8 ± 0.4, p < 0.05) and in vitro (1.9 ± 0.2 versus 3.8 ± 0.1, p < 0.05) and subsequently upregulated heme oxygenase 1 and NADPH dehydrogenase quinone 1 compared to I/R group. Interestingly, Nrf2 siRNA abolished the protective effects of LBP. LBP suppressed oxidative stress damage and attenuated cardiac dysfunction induced by I/R via activation of the Nrf2 antioxidant signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jun Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Gong-Xiao Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Lei-Lei He
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, China
| | - Abdoulaye Issotina Zibrila
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Bai-Chun Niu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Hao-Yu Gong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Jing-Ning Xu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Northwest Women & Children Hospital, China
| | - Lynn Soong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Chun-Fang Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China.,Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China.,Department of Pharmacy, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
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34
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Gao K, Liu M, Li Y, Wang L, Zhao C, Zhao X, Zhao J, Ding Y, Tang H, Jia Y, Wang J, Wen A. Lyciumamide A, a dimer of phenolic amide, protects against NMDA-induced neurotoxicity and potential mechanisms in vitro. J Mol Histol 2021; 52:449-459. [PMID: 33755822 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09952-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the excessive activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) is considered to be a crucial mechanism of brain injury. Lycium barbarum A (LyA) is a dimer of phenol amides isolated from the fruit of Lycium barbarum. Our previous studies have shown that LyA has potential antioxidant activity. This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effect of LyA and its potential mechanism. Firstly, the molecular docking was used to preliminarily explore the potential function of LyA to block NMDAR. Then, the ability of LyA was further verified by NMDA-induced human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells in vivo. Treatment with LyA significantly attenuated NMDA-induced neuronal insults by increasing cell viability, reducing lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and increasing cell survival. Meanwhile, LyA significantly reversed the increase in intracellular calcium and in ROS production induced by NMDA. Finally, the western blot indicated that LyA could suppress the Ca2+ influx and increase the p-NR2B, p-CaMKII, p-JNK, and p-p38 level induced by NMDA. These above findings provide evidence that LyA protect against brain injury, and restraining NMDARs and suppressing mitochondrial oxidative stress and inhibiting cell apoptosis may be involved in the protective mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Meiyou Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xian Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jinyi Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Haifeng Tang
- Institute of Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanyan Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Aidong Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Chen H, Kong JB, Zhang L, Wang HH, Cao YG, Zeng MN, Li M, Sun YJ, Du K, Xue GM, Wu Y, Zheng XK, Feng WS. Lycibarbarines A-C, Three Tetrahydroquinoline Alkaloids Possessing a Spiro-Heterocycle Moiety from the Fruits of Lycium barbarum. Org Lett 2021; 23:858-862. [PMID: 33481613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c04092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Three tetrahydroquinoline alkaloids, lycibarbarines A-C (1-3), possessing a unique tetracyclic tetrahydroquinoline-oxazine-ketohexoside fused motif, were isolated from the fruits of Lycium barbarum. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and quantum-chemical calculations. Compounds 1 and 3 exhibited neuroprotective activity when evaluated for corticosterone-induced injury by reducing the apoptosis of PC12 cells through the inhibition of caspase-3 and caspase-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China.,Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P. R. China, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Jiang-Bo Kong
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Hui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Nan Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Jun Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China.,Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P. R. China, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Kun Du
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Gui-Min Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Ya Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ke Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China.,Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P. R. China, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Sheng Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China.,Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P. R. China, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
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36
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Jiang Y, Fang Z, Leonard W, Zhang P. Phenolic compounds in Lycium berry: Composition, health benefits and industrial applications. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Zeaxanthin-Rich Extract from Superfood Lycium barbarum Selectively Modulates the Cellular Adhesion and MAPK Signaling in Melanoma versus Normal Skin Cells In Vitro. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020333. [PMID: 33440679 PMCID: PMC7827977 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The concern for implementing bioactive nutraceuticals in antioxidant-related therapies is of great importance for skin homeostasis in benign or malignant diseases. In order to elucidate some novel insights of Lycium barbarum (Goji berry) activity on skin cells, the present study focused on its active compound zeaxanthin. By targeting the stemness markers CD44 and CD105, with deep implications in skin oxidative stress mechanisms, we revealed, for the first time, selectivity in zeaxanthin activity. When applied in vitro on BJ human fibroblast cell line versus the A375 malignant melanoma cells, despite the moderate cytotoxicity, the zeaxanthin-rich extracts 1 and 2 were able to downregulate significantly the CD44 and CD105 membrane expression and extracellular secretion in A375, and to upregulate them in BJ cells. At mechanistic level, the present study is the first to demonstrate that the zeaxanthin-rich Goji extracts are able to influence selectively the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK): ERK, JNK and p38 in normal BJ versus tumor-derived A375 skin cells. These results point out towards the applications of zeaxanthin from L. barbarum as a cytoprotective agent in normal skin and raises questions about its use as an antitumor prodrug alone or in combination with standard therapy.
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38
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Fu YW, Peng YF, Huang XD, Yang Y, Huang L, Xi Y, Hu ZF, Lin S, So KF, Ren CR. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide-glycoprotein preventative treatment ameliorates aversive. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:543-549. [PMID: 32985485 PMCID: PMC7996006 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.293156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that Lycium barbarum polysaccharide, the main active component of Lycium barbarum, exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in treating neurological diseases. However, the therapeutic action of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on depression has not been studied. In this investigation, we established mouse models of depression using aversive stimuli including exposure to fox urine, air puff and foot shock and physical restraint. Concurrently, we administered 5 mg/kg per day Lycium barbarum polysaccharide-glycoprotein to each mouse intragastrically for the 28 days. Our results showed that long-term exposure to aversive stimuli significantly enhanced depressive-like behavior evaluated by the sucrose preference test and the forced swimming test and increased anxiety-like behaviors evaluated using the open field test. In addition, aversive stimuli-induced depressed mice exhibited aberrant neuronal activity in the lateral habenula. Importantly, concurrent Lycium barbarum polysaccharide-glycoprotein treatment significantly reduced these changes. These findings suggest that Lycium barbarum polysaccharide-glycoprotein is a potential preventative intervention for depression and may act by preventing aberrant neuronal activity and microglial activation in the lateral habenula. The study was approved by the Jinan University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (approval No. 20170301003) on March 1, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Wei Fu
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | | | - Xiao-Dan Huang
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lu Huang
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yue Xi
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zheng-Fang Hu
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province; Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province; Department of Ophthalmology and State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Chao-Ran Ren
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration Collaborative Joint Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, Guangdong Province; Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province; Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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39
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Lan T, Xu W, Xu TQ, Xia Z, Zhang HX, Zhan YP, Zhou GX. Barbaram, a bicyclic neolactam from the root and stem of Lycium barbarum. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2021; 23:82-88. [PMID: 31888376 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2019.1706498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Barbaram (1), a neolactam together with other five known compunds (2-6) was isolated from the EtOAc-soluble fraction of an EtOH extract of the root and stem of Lycium barbarum by using silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and semi-preparative RP-C18 HPLC. Based on HR-TOF-MS, NMR spectral data, quantum chemistry ECD calculations and referencing to the data reported earlier, the structures of these compounds (1-6) were determined, specially including the absolute configuration of the neolactam (1). Compounds 2 and 4 showed significant anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages with the IC50 values of 8.98 ± 0.57 μM, 6.68 ± 0.77 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Lan
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Product, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Product, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tian-Qi Xu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Product, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhao Xia
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Product, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hai-Xin Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Product, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ya-Ping Zhan
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Product, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guang-Xiong Zhou
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Product, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Wang H, Li Y, Liu J, Di D, Liu Y, Wei J. Hepatoprotective effect of crude polysaccharide isolated from Lycium barbarum L. against alcohol-induced oxidative damage involves Nrf2 signaling. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:6528-6538. [PMID: 33312537 PMCID: PMC7723211 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, we investigated the effect of Lycium barbarum L. polysaccharides (LBPs) on L-02 cells exposed to alcohol exploring the potential molecular mechanisms. Our results suggested that LBPs significantly prevented alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity with dose-dependent effect, indicated by both cell viability and diagnostic indicators of liver damage. Moreover, alcohol induced excessive oxidative stress, as evidenced by an increase of the malondialdehyde level and reactive oxygen species production, while reducing antioxidant enzymes (T-SOD, CAT, and GPx) in liver, were inhibited by administration of LBPs. Furthermore, LBPs reversed the cell apoptosis and increased the mitochondrial membrane potential in alcohol-treated liver cell. Studies of underlying mechanisms revealed that LBPs increased expression levels of Nrf2 expression, which in turn blocked proapoptotic signaling events, restoring the balance between proapoptotic Bax and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins, suppressing activities of cytochrome C (Cyto c), caspase-3, and caspase-9 in L-02 cells stimulation by ethanol. In general, the results showed that the inhibition of alcohol-caused liver damage by LBPs is due at least in part to its antioxidant and antiapoptosis activity via Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant ResourcesLanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)LanzhouChina
- Center of Resource Chemical and New MaterialQingdaoChina
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant ResourcesLanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)LanzhouChina
- School of Public HealthLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Jianfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant ResourcesLanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)LanzhouChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouChina
| | - Duolong Di
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant ResourcesLanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)LanzhouChina
- Center of Resource Chemical and New MaterialQingdaoChina
| | - Yewei Liu
- School of Public HealthLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Jianteng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant ResourcesLanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)LanzhouChina
- Center of Resource Chemical and New MaterialQingdaoChina
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Health-Promoting Capacities of In Vitro and Cultivated Goji ( Lycium chinense Mill.) Fruit and Leaves; Polyphenols, Antimicrobial Activity, Macro- and Microelements and Heavy Metals. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225314. [PMID: 33202618 PMCID: PMC7696414 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest among the public in fruit with a positive impact on human health. Two goji berry cultivars (‘No. 1’ and ‘New Big’) were propagated in vitro, grown in an orchard and then evaluated for macro- and microelements and harmful heavy metals (i.e., Pb, Ni, and Cd). The leaves and fruit were also assessed for nutritional value, polyphenols and the antimicrobial activity of the leaves. ‘New Big’ was characterized by a higher content of macro elements in the leaves (in vitro and orchard) and a higher content of microelements in the fruit. The harmful substances content was below the minimum value. Furthermore, neither the fruit nor the leaves contained cadmium. This study also indicated that leaves had a higher content of polyphenols compared to the fruit. The fruits were characterized by their health-promoting capacities, while the leaves were characterized by their antibacterial activity. Among the Gram-positive bacteria, the most sensitive strain was Bacillus subtilis, and among the Gram-negative bacteria, it was Proteus vulgaris. Taking into consideration the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) for minerals, goji berries can be declared to be a source of Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn and P.
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Pehlİvan KarakaŞ F, CoŞkun H, SoytÜrk H, Bozat BG. Anxiolytic, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects of goji berry polysaccharides in ovariectomized rats: experimental evidence from behavioral, biochemical, and immunohistochemical analyses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 44:238-251. [PMID: 33110362 PMCID: PMC7585160 DOI: 10.3906/biy-2003-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that polysaccharides, the main component of the Lycium barbarum L. fruit, have beneficial effects (e.g., anxiolytic, antioxidant, and neuroprotective) on humans and rodents. However, the effects of different dosages of such polysaccharides on ovariectomized rats and their underlying mechanisms in the brain have not been evaluated in the literature. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effects of the high and low doses of polysaccharides obtained from Lycium barbarum fruits (HD-LBP and LD-LBP, respectively) on anxious behaviors via behavioral (using the OFT and EPM), biochemical (using ELISA), and immunohistochemical (using immunohistochemical staining) measures in detail. Two weeks after ovariectomy, the rats were randomly assigned to either the treatment conditions [control (DW, 3 mL/kg, p.o., per day), LD-LBP (20 mg/kg, 3 mL/kg, p.o., per day), HD-LBP (200 mg/kg, 3 mL/kg, p.o., per day), 17 β-ES (1 mg/kg, 3 mL/kg, p.o., per day), DZ(1 mg/kg, 3 mL/kg, p.o., per day)] or operation type [SHAM (pseudo-ovariectomized) and OVX (ovariectomized)]. The treatments were applied for 30 consecutive days, and then serum and brain tissue samples of all rats were collected. Biochemical (SOD, CAT, GPX, MDA, and 17 β-ES) and immunohistochemical (BDNF, SER, and apoptosis) analyses of the samples were performed as well. The rats administered HD-LBP and LD-LBP were less anxious than the control groups. The HD-LBP-treated rats had high levels of SOD and low levels of MDA in their serum samples. Moreover, HD-LBP and drug-treated groups had a high number of SER receptors and BDNF-positive cells and a low number of TUNEL-positive cells in their hippocampal brain tissues. The HD-LBP treatments decrease anxious behavior by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities, hippocampal SER and BDNF neurotransmitter levels and decreasing the TUNEL-positive cell count of ovariectomized rats. Given these findings, we suggest that menopause-induced symptoms of anxiety can be reduced by polysaccharides obtained from goji berry fruits, and that these findings will be beneficial for the production studies of natural herbal-origin antianxiety (anxiolytic) drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Pehlİvan KarakaŞ
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu Turkey
| | - Hamit CoŞkun
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Art, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu Turkey
| | - Hayriye SoytÜrk
- Department of Poultry Science andTechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Science, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu Turkey
| | - Bihter Gökçe Bozat
- Disciplinary Neuroscience, Health Sciences Institute, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu Turkey
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Mandlik DS, Mandlik SK. Herbal and Natural Dietary Products: Upcoming Therapeutic Approach for Prevention and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:2130-2154. [PMID: 33073617 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1834591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The most common tumor linked with elevated death rates is considered the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), sometimes called the malignant hepatoma. The initiation and progression of HCC are triggered by multiple factors like long term alcohol consumption, metabolic disorders, fatty liver disease, hepatitis B and C infection, age, and oxidative stress. Sorafenib is the merely US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug used to treat HCC. Several treatment methods are available for HCC therapy such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy and adjuvant therapy but they often lead to several side effects. Yet these treatment methods are not entirely adequate due to the increasing resistance to the drug and their toxicity. Many natural products help to prevent and treat HCC. A variety of pathways are associated with the prevention and treatment of HCC with herbal products and their active components. Accumulating research shows that certain natural dietary compounds are possible source of hepatic cancer prevention and treatments, such as black currant, strawberries, plum, grapes, pomegranate, cruciferous crops, tomatoes, French beans, turmeric, garlic, ginger, asparagus, and many more. Such a dietary natural products and their active constituents may prevent the production and advancement of liver cancer in many ways such as guarding against liver carcinogens, improving the effectiveness of chemotherapeutic medications, inhibiting the growth, metastasis of tumor cells, reducing oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation. The present review article represents hepatic carcinoma etiology, role of herbal products, their active constituents, and dietary natural products for the prevention and treatment of HCC along with their possible mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa S Mandlik
- Department of Pharmacology, Bharat Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Satish K Mandlik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sinhgad College of Pharmacy, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Ping Z, Jun X, Yan W, Jun Z. Anti-cancer properties of specific Chinese herbal medicines for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment. Eur J Integr Med 2020:101215. [PMID: 33042292 PMCID: PMC7532350 DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This essay explores the anti-cancer activity of specific Chinese herbal medicines to clarify how effective Chinese herbal medicine is used for handling hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS Literature form publica domain were studied and an analysis of anti-cancer activity of specific Chinese herbal medicines is presented in this review. RESULTS Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most dangerous malignant tumors in the world. The operative diagnosis of liver cancer remains a significant challenge. Although surgery tissue resection is encouraging, a high risk of recurrence and metastasis, illustrating disease-related mortality is desperately required to enhance postoperative preventive and therapeutic clinical procedures. The almost only effective clinical intervention seems to be developing advanced targeted therapies such as sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma patients, but there is little research in this field. Because their preventative/therapeutic properties strengthen Chinese herbal medicinal compounds, they are deemed relevant to the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusion: Chinese herbal medicine derivates provide multifaceted, orientated and orchestrated therapy, making it an ideal candidate for inhibiting hepatocellular tumor production and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zang Ping
- Pharmacy, Qingdao Island Central Hospital
| | - Xue Jun
- Department of Pharmacy, Huangdao district Chinese Medicine Hospital, Qingdao
| | - Wang Yan
- Qingdao West Coast New Area Health Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Brigade
| | - Zhang Jun
- Department of Pharmacy, Huangdao district Chinese Medicine Hospital, Qingdao
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Newton F, Megaw R. Mechanisms of Photoreceptor Death in Retinitis Pigmentosa. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11101120. [PMID: 32987769 PMCID: PMC7598671 DOI: 10.3390/genes11101120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common cause of inherited blindness and is characterised by the progressive loss of retinal photoreceptors. However, RP is a highly heterogeneous disease and, while much progress has been made in developing gene replacement and gene editing treatments for RP, it is also necessary to develop treatments that are applicable to all causative mutations. Further understanding of the mechanisms leading to photoreceptor death is essential for the development of these treatments. Recent work has therefore focused on the role of apoptotic and non-apoptotic cell death pathways in RP and the various mechanisms that trigger these pathways in degenerating photoreceptors. In particular, several recent studies have begun to elucidate the role of microglia and innate immune response in the progression of RP. Here, we discuss some of the recent progress in understanding mechanisms of rod and cone photoreceptor death in RP and summarise recent clinical trials targeting these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fay Newton
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, South Bridge, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK;
- Correspondence:
| | - Roly Megaw
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, University of Edinburgh, South Bridge, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK;
- Princess Alexandra Eye Pavilion, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh EH3 9HA, UK
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Ruíz-Salinas AK, Vázquez-Roque RA, Díaz A, Pulido G, Treviño S, Floran B, Flores G. The treatment of Goji berry (Lycium barbarum) improves the neuroplasticity of the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in aged rats. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 83:108416. [PMID: 32554223 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The main characteristic of brain aging is an exacerbated inflammatory and oxidative response that affects dendritic morphology and the function of the neurons of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the hippocampus. This consequently causes memory loss. Recently, the use of the Goji berry (Lycium barbarum) as an antioxidant extract has provided neuroprotection and neuroplasticity, however, its therapeutic potential has not been demonstrated in aging conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Goji administration on memory recognition, as well as the changes in the dendritic morphology of the PFC and Hippocampus pyramidal neurons in old rats. Goji (3 g/kg) was administrated for 60 days in 18-month-old rats. After the treatment, recognition memory was evaluated using the new object recognition task (NORt). The changes in the neuron morphology of the PFC and hippocampus pyramidal neurons in old rats were evaluated by Golgi-cox stain and immunoreactivity for synaptophysin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), caspase-3, 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). The rats treated with Goji showed a significant increase in dendritic morphology in the PFC and hippocampus neurons, a greater immunoreactivity to synaptophysin and a decrease in reactive astrogliosis and also in caspase-3, in 3-NT and in Nrf2 in these brain regions was also observed. Goji administration promotes the plasticity processes in the PFC and in the hippocampus of old rats, critical structures in the brain aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karen Ruíz-Salinas
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 Sur 6301, CP: 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Rubén A Vázquez-Roque
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 Sur 6301, CP: 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Díaz
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, CP: 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Pulido
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, CP: 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Samuel Treviño
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, CP: 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Benjamín Floran
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Avanzados IPN, DF, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Laboratorio de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 Sur 6301, CP: 72570, Puebla, Mexico.
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Liu B, Xu Q, Sun Y. Black goji berry (Lycium ruthenicum) tea has higher phytochemical contents and in vitro antioxidant properties than red goji berry (Lycium barbarum) tea. FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/fqsafe/fyaa022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Goji berry tea, a traditional herbal tea, is the main ate mode of goji berry in Asia, yet few studies in comparison with red goji berry tea and black goji berry tea are carried out. This study investigated the effects of water temperature and soak time on the colour, phytochemicals, and the antioxidant capacity [2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), and the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)] of two goji berry tea. A comparison of the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities between black and red goji berry tea was conducted. Results showed that both red and black goji berry tea were rich in phytochemicals, giving high antioxidant ability. The levels of bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity of the two goji berry tea increased as the increases in soak temperature and time. Black goji berry tea had higher phytochemicals and antioxidant property than those of red goji berry tea. Infused at 100° water for the same time, the levels of total polysaccharides (150 mg/100 ml), total polyphenols (238 mg/ml), and antioxidant capacity (550 μmol/100 ml) of black goji berry tea were 3.5, 2, and 5 times higher, respectively, in comparison with red goji berry tea. The results of this study demonstrate that hot drink of goji berry in China is a good habit and black goji berry tea may be a better choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yujing Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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Liu X, Cheng J, Mei Z, Wei C, Khan MA, Peng J, Fu J. SCAR marker for identification and discrimination of specific medicinal Lycium chinense Miller from Lycium species from ramp-PCR RAPD fragments. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:334. [PMID: 32656067 PMCID: PMC7338294 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02325-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, ramp-PCR fragments from improved RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) amplification of Lycium (Goji) species or cultivars were cut and cloned into the vector of pGEM-T. A positive clone 10-5 was screened by PCR amplification, enzymatic digestion, and Sanger sequencing. A SCAR (sequence-characterized amplified region) marker, named Goji 10-5, with 949 nucleotides in length, was identified. Goji 10-5 is specific to Goji species Lycium chinense Miller from Jiangxi in China and Texas in the USA. A BLAST search of this nucleotide sequence in the GenBank database indicated that it shows no identity with any other species, including no any other Lycium species. As a new sequence, we have deposited it in the GenBank database with accession No. MN862323. PCR assays were developed and converted the nucleotide sequence to become a novel molecular marker for Lycium chinense Miller, named Goji 10-5. This marker may be used for the genetic identification of other samples. This study has successfully developed Goji 10-5, a specific SCAR marker to identify L. chinense and distinguish it from other species, including other Lycium species from different locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan China
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan China
| | - Zhiqiang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan China
| | - Chunli Wei
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan China
| | - Md. Asaduzzaman Khan
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan China
| | - Jiangzhou Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510500 Guangdong China
| | - Junjiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan China
- Judicial Authentication Center, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, 3-319 Zhongshan Road, Luzhou, 646000 Sichuan China
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Comparison of Morphological, Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Properties of Goji Fruits. ACTA UNIVERSITATIS CIBINIENSIS. SERIES E: FOOD TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/aucft-2020-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
There is a growing public interest in fruits labeled as „superfood” (functional food). A “superfood” should have a high content of bioactive substances with a positive impact on human health. Seven different cultivars of goji berry fruits (Lycium chinense Mill.) grown in north-western Poland were evaluated for its physicochemical parameters, antidiabetic and antioxidant activity, and polyphenol content. The length of 1-year-old shoots ranged from 36 cm (‘Big Lifeberry’) to 82 cm (‘Korean Big’). Cultivars from the group of Big were characterized by the biggest fruits (17.3-24.2 mm) with the greatest weight of 100 fruits (96.7122.1 g). ‘Big Lifeberry’ contained high amounts of L-ascorbic acid (408 mg 1000/g) and provitamin A (190 mg 1000/g) and showed high antidiabetic (α-amylase IC50=33.4 mg/mL; α-glucosidase IC50=9.9 mg/mL) and antioxidant activity (ABTS·+ 6.21 and FRAP 5.58 mmol T/100 g). ‘Big Lifeberry’ was also characterized by a high total content of polyphenols (43.64 mg 100/g). Furthermore, the nitrite content in all the cultivars tested was at a relatively low level. Among the examined cultivars, the most attractive one concerning the consumers’ point of view of the size, weight and high content of health-promoting compounds is ‘Big Lifeberry’.
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Ni J, Ding C, Zhang Y, Song Z, Xu W. Influence of ultrasonic pretreatment on electrohydrodynamic drying process of goji berry. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiabao Ni
- College of Science Inner Mongolia University of Technology Hohhot China
| | - Changjiang Ding
- College of Science Inner Mongolia University of Technology Hohhot China
| | - Yaming Zhang
- College of Science Inner Mongolia University of Technology Hohhot China
| | - Zhiqing Song
- College of Science Inner Mongolia University of Technology Hohhot China
| | - Wenqian Xu
- College of Science Inner Mongolia University of Technology Hohhot China
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