Systematic Reviews
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Methodol. Sep 20, 2025; 15(3): 97694
Published online Sep 20, 2025. doi: 10.5662/wjm.v15.i3.97694
Multidisciplinary management of pituitary macroadenoma
Gladness Aluyi-Osa, Ayuba Suleman, Carlo Salati, Leopoldo Spadea, Caterina Gagliano, Mutali Musa, Marco Zeppieri
Gladness Aluyi-Osa, Ayuba Suleman, Mutali Musa, Department of Ophthalmology, Africa Eye Laser Center, Km 7, Benin 300105, Nigeria
Carlo Salati, Marco Zeppieri, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
Leopoldo Spadea, Eye Clinic, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome 00142, Italy
Caterina Gagliano, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna "Kore", Enna 94100, Italy
Caterina Gagliano, Mediterranean Foundation "G.B. Morgagni", 95125 Catania, Italy
Mutali Musa, Department of Optometry, University of Benin, Benin 300283, Nigeria
Author contributions: Aluyi-Osa G, Saleman A, Musa M and Zeppieri M wrote the outline; Aluyi-Osa G, Suleman A, and Musa M did the research and writing of the manuscript; Salati C, Spadea L, Gagliano C, Musa M and Zeppieri M assisted in the writing of the draft and final paper; Zeppieri M was responsible for the conception and design of the study and completed the English and scientific editing; Aluyi-Osa G, Suleman A, Salati C, Spadea L, Gagliano C, Musa M and Zeppieri M assisted in the editing, making critical revisions of the manuscript and viewing all versions of the manuscript. All authors provided the final approval of the article.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Marco Zeppieri, MD, PhD, Doctor, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, p.le S. Maria della Misericordia 15, Udine 33100, Italy.mark.zeppieri@asufc.sanita.fvg.it
Received: June 5, 2024
Revised: November 18, 2024
Accepted: December 3, 2024
Published online: September 20, 2025
Processing time: 273 Days and 23.8 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: The review encompasses recent advancements in diagnostic imaging techniques, surgical approaches, hormonal management, and adjuvant therapies. Furthermore, it discusses the importance of a collaborative framework involving specialists from various disciplines to optimize patient outcomes and quality of life. By synthesizing current evidence and clinical experiences, this manuscript aims to provide insights into the comprehensive management of pituitary macroadenomas and stimulate further research.