Published online Dec 26, 2017. doi: 10.5662/wjm.v7.i4.129
Peer-review started: February 28, 2017
First decision: September 4, 2017
Revised: October 8, 2017
Accepted: November 1, 2017
Article in press: November 1, 2017
Published online: December 26, 2017
Processing time: 301 Days and 9.6 Hours
Respiratory diseases, especially asthma, are common in children. While spirometry contributes to asthma diagnosis and management in older children, it has a limited role in younger children whom are often unable to perform forced expiratory manoeuvre. The development of novel diagnostic methods which require minimal effort, such as forced oscillation technique (FOT) is, therefore, a welcome and promising addition. FOT involves applying external, small amplitude oscillations to the respiratory system during tidal breathing. Therefore, it requires minimal effort and cooperation. The FOT has the potential to facilitate asthma diagnosis and management in pre-school children by faciliting the objective measurement of baseline lung function and airway reactivity in children unable to successfully perform spirometry. Traditionally the use of FOT was limited to specialised centres. However, the availability of commercial equipment resulted in its use both in research and in clinical practice. In this article, we review the available literature on the use of FOT in childhood asthma. The technical aspects of FOT are described followed by a discussion of its practical aspects in the clinical field including the measurement of baseline lung function and associated reference ranges, bronchodilator responsiveness and bronchial hyper-responsiveness. We also highlight the difficulties and limitations that might be encountered and future research directions.
Core tip: Respiratory diseases, such as asthma, are especially common in children. Although their diagnosis and management are facilitated by using spirometry in older children, the use of the latter remains limited in younger children because of their inability to perform forced expiratory manoeuvre. Therefore, the use of new methods which require minimal effort and cooperation from children, such as the forced oscillation technique (FOT) is a welcome and promising addition to identify children with underlying airway function abnormalities. In this article, we review the available literature on the use of FOT in childhood asthma.