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Habluetzel Esposito E, Derikx DFAA, Houwen S, Schoemaker MM, Hartman E. Participation Patterns in Leisure Activities of 6- to 8-Year-Old Typically Developing Children in Relation to Their Motor Performance. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2025; 96:201-212. [PMID: 39208456 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2024.2389890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The average level of children's motor performance has decreased in the past decades. Therefore, it is important to identify risk- or enabling factors for motor performance. One such factor could be children's participation in leisure activities (LA). LA are non-obligatory and intrinsically motivated activities performed during free time. They include physical activities, such as individual and team sports and other types of activities, such as doing crafts, hanging out with friends, and playing musical instruments. The present study explores how participating in different combinations of LA (i.e. participation patterns) are related to children's motor performance using a person-centered approach. Ninety 6- to 8-year-old typically developing children (57.8% boys) were recruited from six Dutch primary schools. LA participation and motor performance were measured with the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment questionnaire and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2, respectively. Children were grouped in patterns using Cluster Analysis. Comparisons among patterns were performed with one-way multivariate analysis of variance. As hypothesized, children who participated in a greater variety of LA (i.e., higher participation diversity) and who engaged more frequently in each LA (i.e., higher participation intensity) scored better on manual dexterity, balance, and total motor performance compared to those with lower participation diversity and intensity. Based on these findings, coaches, physical educators, and parents should create opportunities for children to participate in a broad range of LA and to engage in these LA frequently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Habluetzel Esposito
- University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen
- South East Technological University SETU
| | | | | | | | - Esther Hartman
- University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen
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Nasiri E, Karbalaei Nouri A, Hosseini SA, Mandani G. A systematic review of occupation- and activity-based health management interventions for adult patients with severe mental disorders. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2025; 14:87. [PMID: 40144187 PMCID: PMC11940089 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1036_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the negative effects of severe mental disorders (SMDs) on the patient's social and occupational functioning and general health, besides accumulating evidence on the effectiveness of occupation- and activity-based health management interventions for these patients and the novelty of research on this topic, it is important to review, evaluate, and categorize relevant studies. The present study aimed to systematically review occupation- and activity-based health management interventions for adult patients with SMDs. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study is a systematic review. We conducted a literature search in Medline, OTseeker, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, ISI Web of Science, MagIran, ISC, and SID databases from 2000 until October 2021. The study population consisted of patients clinically diagnosed with SMDs (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression). After the literature search, we investigated the screening, quality, and inclusion and exclusion criteria of the articles. In the primary search, we extracted 238 relevant articles, and after appraising their titles and abstracts, we identified 55 relevant articles. After reviewing the full text of the articles and removing duplicates, 17 articles met the inclusion criteria of this study, while we excluded two articles from the quality assessment. Finally, we reviewed 15 studies. The outcomes included all positive and negative treatment effects and outcomes of the interventions. RESULTS According to the results, there were multiple occupation- and activity-based interventions for patients with SMDs, which could directly or indirectly improve their general functioning and health management. CONCLUSION The reviewed studies had numerous blind spots and limitations, such as common shortcomings of randomized clinical trials, lack of long follow-ups, and ambiguity or dispersion of intervention protocols. Besides addressing these limitations, we also discussed research proposals in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Nasiri
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashraf Karbalaei Nouri
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Hosseini
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Mandani
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Weber MD, Draghi TTG, Maia ACS, Cairney J, Cavalcante-Neto JL, Tudella E. Characteristics of sensory processing changes in children with developmental coordination disorder: A systematic review. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2025; 157:104917. [PMID: 39793213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2025.104917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2024] [Revised: 12/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2025] [Indexed: 01/13/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensory processing difficulties are common in neurodevelopment conditions, such as developmental coordination disorder (DCD), and can significantly impact daily living activities. AIMS To systematically review the literature to (1) synthesize the characteristics (sections and patterns) of sensory processing alterations in children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD), (2) compare these characteristics with those of children with typical development or associated comorbidities, and (3) identify which characteristics may be present from early childhood. METHODS This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and was submitted and registered in PROSPERO. The literature search was conducted in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Scopul, SciELO, LILACS, ERIC, and EMBASE databases. Original studies that evaluated the sensory processing of children with DCD aged 3-12 years using standardized instruments were included. RESULTS A total of 2609 studies were retrieved from databases. Of these, five studies that identified sensory processing alterations in children with DCD were included. The most affected sensory characteristics were touch and balance and motion sections, and the avoider pattern, which may present behaviors observed in early childhood. The methodological quality of studies ranged from moderate to high, whereas effect sizes ranged from small to moderate. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review identified that children with DCD or probable DCD presented sensory processing alterations. Further studies with high methodological quality are needed to recommend the sensory processing characteristics impacting the early identification of DCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meyene Duque Weber
- Study Center in Neuropediatrics and Motor Skills, Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Ana Clara Silva Maia
- Study Center in Neuropediatrics and Motor Skills, Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - John Cairney
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Health and Well-Being Centre for Research Innovation, The Queensland Centre for Olympic and Paralympic Studies, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Eloisa Tudella
- Study Center in Neuropediatrics and Motor Skills, Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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de Klerk S, Gqada L, Honiball RM, Julius L, van Wyk C, Jacob-Nzuzi Khuabi LA. The Impact of Upper Limb Injury or Conditions on Daily Occupations: A Qualitative Inquiry. Occup Ther Health Care 2025; 39:145-161. [PMID: 37547999 DOI: 10.1080/07380577.2023.2243509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to explore six public service users' perspectives on the impact their upper limb injury or condition has on their everyday lives while receiving occupational therapy intervention at a public hospital in the context of the Northern Cape of South Africa. An interpretivist phenomenological approach was employed. Data was collected using reflexive photography and semi-structured interviews. Three main themes were generated during inductive reasoning, namely the impact on role fulfillment, change in occupational task performance and the factors impacting performance in preferred occupations. Participants confirmed that to present a contextually relevant and responsive service, Occupation-Based Hand Therapy (OBHT) approaches must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan de Klerk
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lwandokazi Gqada
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Retha-Mari Honiball
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Logan Julius
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Charnell van Wyk
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lee-Ann Jacob-Nzuzi Khuabi
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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de Diego-Alonso C, Bellosta-López P, Blasco-Abadía J, Buesa-Estéllez A, Roldán-Pérez P, Medina-Rincón A, López-Royo MP, Giner-Nicolás R, Doménech-García V, Fini NA. The relationship between levels of physical activity and participation in everyday life in stroke survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Disabil Health J 2024; 17:101640. [PMID: 38777677 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke survivors demonstrate decreased physical activity (PA) and take time to return to participation in everyday life, but the relationship between the two variables is unknown. OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation and trajectory over time between levels of PA and participation in everyday life in stroke survivors. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Rehabilitation&Sport Medicine Source, and PEDro databases were searched from inception to January 2024. Cross-sectional and prospective studies evaluating both levels of PA and participation in stroke survivors were included. Two reviewers independently conducted the study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. Meta-analyses of pooled correlation coefficients were calculated when at least two studies reported a correlation coefficient between the same PA and participation outcomes. RESULTS Of 4962 studies identified, 49 were included in the systematic review. Studies were rated high (55%%) or fair (45%) quality. A wide range of monitoring methodologies for assessing PA and participation were found in the 23 prospective studies. Seven studies were included in the meta-analyses, showing a positive moderate correlation between PA time and participation in activities of daily living (n = 148; r = 0.52; P < 0.01; I2 = 81%) in participants <6 months post-stroke, and between PA time and the participation in all areas (n = 126; r = 0.44; P < 0.01; I2 = 0%) in participants ≥6 months post-stroke. Overall, while PA showed significant improvements over time, participation only showed a tendency. CONCLUSION Despite the heterogeneity, consistent positive associations were found between PA time and participation levels in some areas. Establishing consensus is crucial to reduce heterogeneity and facilitate data pooling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina de Diego-Alonso
- Universidad San Jorge. Campus Universitario, Autov, A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pablo Bellosta-López
- Universidad San Jorge. Campus Universitario, Autov, A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Julia Blasco-Abadía
- Universidad San Jorge. Campus Universitario, Autov, A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Almudena Buesa-Estéllez
- Universidad San Jorge. Campus Universitario, Autov, A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Patricia Roldán-Pérez
- Universidad San Jorge. Campus Universitario, Autov, A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Almudena Medina-Rincón
- Universidad San Jorge. Campus Universitario, Autov, A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Pilar López-Royo
- Universidad San Jorge. Campus Universitario, Autov, A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rafael Giner-Nicolás
- Universidad San Jorge. Campus Universitario, Autov, A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Víctor Doménech-García
- Universidad San Jorge. Campus Universitario, Autov, A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Natalie A Fini
- Department of Physiotherapy, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Buele J, Avilés-Castillo F, Del-Valle-Soto C, Varela-Aldás J, Palacios-Navarro G. Effects of a dual intervention (motor and virtual reality-based cognitive) on cognition in patients with mild cognitive impairment: a single-blind, randomized controlled trial. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2024; 21:130. [PMID: 39090664 PMCID: PMC11293003 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-024-01422-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increase in cases of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) underlines the urgency of finding effective methods to slow its progression. Given the limited effectiveness of current pharmacological options to prevent or treat the early stages of this deterioration, non-pharmacological alternatives are especially relevant. OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of a cognitive-motor intervention based on immersive virtual reality (VR) that simulates an activity of daily living (ADL) on cognitive functions and its impact on depression and the ability to perform such activities in patients with MCI. METHODS Thirty-four older adults (men, women) with MCI were randomized to the experimental group (n = 17; 75.41 ± 5.76) or control (n = 17; 77.35 ± 6.75) group. Both groups received motor training, through aerobic, balance and resistance activities in group. Subsequently, the experimental group received cognitive training based on VR, while the control group received traditional cognitive training. Cognitive functions, depression, and the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) were assessed using the Spanish versions of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-S), the Short Geriatric Depression Scale (SGDS-S), and the of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL-S) before and after 6-week intervention (a total of twelve 40-minutes sessions). RESULTS Between groups comparison did not reveal significant differences in either cognitive function or geriatric depression. The intragroup effect of cognitive function and geriatric depression was significant in both groups (p < 0.001), with large effect sizes. There was no statistically significant improvement in any of the groups when evaluating their performance in ADLs (control, p = 0.28; experimental, p = 0.46) as expected. The completion rate in the experimental group was higher (82.35%) compared to the control group (70.59%). Likewise, participants in the experimental group reached a higher level of difficulty in the application and needed less time to complete the task at each level. CONCLUSIONS The application of a dual intervention, through motor training prior to a cognitive task based on Immersive VR was shown to be a beneficial non-pharmacological strategy to improve cognitive functions and reduce depression in patients with MCI. Similarly, the control group benefited from such dual intervention with statistically significant improvements. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06313931; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06313931 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Buele
- Carrera de Ingeniería en Tecnologías de la Información, Facultad de Ingeniería, Industria y Producción, Universidad Indoamérica, Ambato, 180103, Ecuador
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Communications, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
| | - Fátima Avilés-Castillo
- Centro de Investigaciones de Ciencias Humanas y de la Educación (CICHE), Universidad Indoamérica, Ambato, 180103, Ecuador
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Communications, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
| | - Carolina Del-Valle-Soto
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Panamericana, Álvaro del Portillo 49, Zapopan, Jalisco, 45010, México
| | - José Varela-Aldás
- Centro de Investigaciones de Ciencias Humanas y de la Educación (CICHE), Universidad Indoamérica, Ambato, 180103, Ecuador
| | - Guillermo Palacios-Navarro
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Communications, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain.
- Teruel Polytechnic School of Engineering, University of Zaragoza C/Atarazana, 2, Teruel, 44002, Spain.
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Farhadian M, Akbarfahimi M, Hassani Abharian P, Khalafbeigi M, Yazdani F. The Effect of Leisure Intervention on Occupational Performance and Occupational Balance in Individuals with Substance Use Disorder: A Pilot Study. Occup Ther Int 2024; 2024:6299073. [PMID: 38384794 PMCID: PMC10881250 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6299073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Methods The sample for this quasiexperimental pretest-posttest with a two-month follow-up design comprised nine individuals aged between 18 and 55 years, selected using a convenience sampling method. The intervention consisted of a 2-month group leisure participation program, conducted twice a week, followed by a 2-month follow-up period. Primary outcome measures included occupational performance and occupational balance, and secondary outcome measures were leisure participation, quality of life, and drug craving. Outcome measures were assessed three times: preintervention, postintervention, and after the follow-up period. The outcome measures included the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), Occupational Balance Questionnaire-11 (OBQ11), Nottingham Leisure Questionnaire (NLQ), 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), and Desire to Drug Questionnaire (DDQ). Data analysis was performed using the Friedman test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test as a post hoc procedure, with a significance level set at 5%. Results The findings showed significant improvements in participants' occupational performance in postintervention and follow-up assessments (p < 0.01, r = 0.59) and better occupational balance from pre- to postintervention (p < 0.01, r = 0.59) and after the follow-up period (p < 0.01, r = 0.60). Furthermore, significant enhancements were observed in leisure participation, quality of life, and a reduction in drug craving. Conclusion The findings indicate that leisure intervention positively impacted both occupational performance and occupational balance, suggesting its potential as a beneficial therapeutic approach for individuals with substance use disorder. Additional research is warranted to delve deeper into and validate the effectiveness of leisure intervention within this specific population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Farhadian
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malahat Akbarfahimi
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mitra Khalafbeigi
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Yazdani
- Occupational Therapy Program, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
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Buele J, Varela-Aldás JL, Palacios-Navarro G. Virtual reality applications based on instrumental activities of daily living (iADLs) for cognitive intervention in older adults: a systematic review. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2023; 20:168. [PMID: 38110970 PMCID: PMC10729470 DOI: 10.1186/s12984-023-01292-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the use of virtual reality (VR) as a complementary intervention in treating cognitive impairment has significantly increased. VR applications based on instrumental activities of daily living (iADL-VR) could offer a promising approach with greater ecological validity for intervention in groups with cognitive impairments. However, the effectiveness of this approach is still debated. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to synthesize the effects of iADL-VR interventions to rehabilitate, train, or stimulate cognitive functions in healthy adults and people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and different types of dementia. METHODS A systematic search was performed in the Scopus, PubMed, IEEE Xplore, Web of Science, and APA PsycNet databases until September 2022 and repeated in April 2023. The selected studies met the search terms, were peer-reviewed, included an iADL-VR intervention, and were written in English. Descriptive, qualitative studies, reviews, cognitive assessment, non-intervention studies, those unrelated to VR or iADL, those focused on motor aspects, and non-degenerative disorders were excluded. The PEDro scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the controlled studies. To present and synthesize the results, we organized the extracted data into three tables, including PEDro scores, participant characteristics, and study characteristics. RESULTS Nineteen studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. The total sample reached 590 participants, mostly women (72.67%). Approximately 30% were diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease or dementia, and 20% had mild cognitive impairment. Variables such as authors and year of publication, study design, type of intervention and VR applied, duration of the intervention, main findings, and conclusions were extracted. Regarding demographic characteristics, the sample size, age, sex, years of education, neurological diagnosis, dropouts, and the city and country where the intervention took place were recorded. Almost all studies showed improvements in some or all the outcomes after the intervention, generally greater in the iADL-VR group than in the control group. CONCLUSION iADL-VR interventions could be beneficial in improving the performance of cognitive functions in older adults and people with MCI and different types of dementia. The ecological component of these tasks makes them very suitable for transferring what has been learned to the real world. However, such transfer needs to be confirmed by further studies with larger and more homogeneous samples and longer follow-up periods. This review had no primary funding source and was registered with PROSPERO under registration ID: 375166.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Buele
- SISAu Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería, Industria y Producción, Universidad Indoamérica, Ambato, Ecuador
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Communications, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
| | - José Luis Varela-Aldás
- Centro de Investigaciones de Ciencias Humanas y de la Educación (CICHE), Universidad Indoamérica, Ambato, Ecuador
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Kasar U, Dwivedi AK, Khandare PM. Impact of Occupational Therapy Interventions on Sexual Dysfunction in Epilepsy: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e51153. [PMID: 38283457 PMCID: PMC10811611 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, necessitating lifelong medication management. One common side effect of these medications is sexual dysfunction. In this case report, a 37-year-old male epilepsy patient who was an office clerk by occupation presented at the outpatient department (OPD) of occupational therapy with the chief complaints of anxiety, depression, and sexual dysfunction primarily reporting of anorgasmia, which required longer foreplay to reach an effective erection leading to delayed ejaculation. The patient reported a nine-year history of complicated, partial, and generalized seizures for which he consulted the physician who prescribed him AED (antiepileptic drug) carbamazepine twice a day; however, the symptoms persisted, and the medication was changed to pregabalin. In addition to this, the patient was advised for occupational therapy intervention by the physician. In the occupational therapy department, the patient was assessed for various parameters that involved sexual functioning using the Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire-Male (CSFQ-M), for anxiety using the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire, for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and quality of life (QOL) using the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory - 31 (QOLIE-31) questionnaire. As part of the intervention, occupational therapy was provided to the patient for four months, which mainly focused on three major areas: health promotion, remediation, and modification. Each of these methods was used at all levels of the intervention, as outlined by the EX-Permission, Limited Information, Specific Suggestions, and Intensive Therapy model (P-LI-SS-IT), which reflected positive results, as there was enhanced sexual functioning, reduced symptoms of depression, and anxiety, and improved quality of life. In conclusion, occupational therapists along with doctors and other practitioners should focus on addressing intimacy and sexuality within their practice for epilepsy patients demonstrating symptoms of sexual dysfunction, which will consequently impact an individual's QOL. Additionally, screening and monitoring of sexual dysfunction should be included during the routine assessment of patients with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usha Kasar
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Maharaj Vinayak Global University, Jaipur, IND
| | - Amitabh K Dwivedi
- Department of Occupational Therapy, JSS (Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara) Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, IND
| | - Prashant M Khandare
- Department of Occupational Therapy, INHS (Indian Naval Hospital Ship) Asvini Early Intervention Centre, Mumbai, IND
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Hwang NK, Park JS, Shim SH. Occupational therapists views on addressing the sexuality of adult clients in rehabilitation settings: A qualitative focus group study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34760. [PMID: 37565848 PMCID: PMC10419709 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Sexuality is a common concern among people with disabilities or chronic conditions, and failure to address sexuality can lead to poorer rehabilitation outcomes. To explore the factors affecting addressing the sexuality of adult clients in clinical practice as perceived by Korean Occupational Therapists (OTs) and the perspective on what needs to be established to address sexuality in occupational therapy practice. This descriptive qualitative study using focus group interviews was conducted with 15 OTs providing rehabilitation services for adult clients in the post-onset maintenance phase or for outpatients in Seoul, South Korea. Data collected through focus groups were analyzed using the constant comparative method. The main factors influencing addressing clients sexuality in clinical practice were identified: "absence of institutional system for addressing sexuality in rehabilitation setting" for environmental factors; "lack of professional competency" for therapist-related factors; and "repressed sexuality" for client-related factors. Moreover, recognizing that "sexual health is one of the goals of rehabilitation" and prioritizing it in rehabilitation settings are essential. OTs must be "experts with knowledge and skills" to access the client's sexuality, and "education and publicity" should be actively conducted to raise awareness of sexual health for clients. To deal with clients sexuality, institutional preparation should be prioritized under the recognition that sexual health is one of the goals of rehabilitation. In addition, it is necessary to prepare a relevant curriculum for OTs and create awareness so that clients can recognize improving sexual activity as a role of OTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Kyoung Hwang
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Seoul North Municipal Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Su Park
- Research Institute for Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hwa Shim
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medical Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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de Diego-Alonso C, Alegre-Ayala J, Buesa A, Blasco-Abadía J, López-Royo MP, Roldán-Pérez P, Giner-Nicolás R, Güeita-Rodriguez J, Fini NA, Domenech-Garcia V, Bellosta-López P. Multidimensional analysis of sedentary behaviour and participation in Spanish stroke survivors (Part&Sed-Stroke): a protocol for a longitudinal multicentre study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e065628. [PMID: 36792320 PMCID: PMC9933767 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stroke survivors usually experience long-lasting functional, emotional and social consequences that might contribute to sedentary behaviour and participation restrictions, which are important targets to address during rehabilitation. However, the trajectory and inter-relationship between these factors are unknown. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Part&Sed is a research project based on an observational study design with 6 and 12 months of follow-ups in stroke survivors. In addition, a qualitative analysis of the impact of the stroke on the stroke survivor, validation of the Satisfaction with Daily Occupation-Occupational Balance assessment tool and analysis of the reliability of the Fitbit Inspire 2 activity tracker wristband will be carried out. Participants will be chronic stroke survivors with independent walking capacity. Sociodemographic and clinical data, physical activity, ambulation, sleep, quality of life, anxiety and depression, community participation, and occupational satisfaction and balance, as well as data provided by the activity tracker wristband, will be collected. In addition, if the participant has a primary caregiver, the caregiver will also be monitored. A minimum of 130 participants will be recruited to conduct a random-effects multiple regression model. Mixed models for repeated measures will assess the variation over time of the different variables associated with participation and sedentary behaviour. Psychometric properties (eg, internal consistency, construct validity, test-retest reliability) of the Satisfaction with Daily Occupation-Occupational Balance will be determined. Additionally, intraclass correlation coefficients and minimum detectable change will be calculated to assess intrasubject reliability of physical activity and sleep parameters recorded by the Fitbit Inspire 2. The qualitative analysis process will be carried out using the analysis proposed by Giorgi. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study received ethical approval from the Spanish Regional Ethics Committee 'Comité de Ética de la Investigación de la Comunidad de Aragón' (PI21/333). The results will be made available via peer-reviewed publications, international conferences and official channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina de Diego-Alonso
- Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario, Autov.A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Almudena Buesa
- Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario, Autov.A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Julia Blasco-Abadía
- Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario, Autov.A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Pilar López-Royo
- Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario, Autov.A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Patricia Roldán-Pérez
- Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario, Autov.A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rafael Giner-Nicolás
- Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario, Autov.A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Javier Güeita-Rodriguez
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine; Research Group of Humanities and Qualitative Research in Health Science (Hum&QRinHS), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Health Science Faculty, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Natalie Ann Fini
- Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Physiotherapy, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Victor Domenech-Garcia
- Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario, Autov.A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pablo Bellosta-López
- Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario, Autov.A23 km 299, 50830, Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain
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12
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Panerai S, Catania V, Rundo F, Tasca D, Musso S, Babiloni C, Prestianni G, Muratore S, Ferri R. Functional Living Skills in Patients with Major Neurocognitive Disorder Due to Degenerative or Non-Degenerative Conditions: Effectiveness of a Non-Immersive Virtual Reality Training. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:1896. [PMID: 36850494 PMCID: PMC9966630 DOI: 10.3390/s23041896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Virtual reality has gained attention as an effective tool for cognitive, motor, and daily activity rehabilitation in patients with major neurocognitive disorder (M-NCD). The first objective of this study was to check for differences between M-NCD caused by degenerative and non-degenerative conditions (DC and NDC, respectively) in terms of relearning four functional living skills (FLSs), by means of a non-immersive virtual reality training (VRT). The second purpose was to verify whether spontaneous transfer from the virtual environment to the real environment occurred. Four FLS apps were developed in our institute (Information, Suitcase, Medicine, and Supermarket). A nonrandomized interventional study was carried out, comparing experimental and control groups (EG and CG, respectively). The study included three phases: in vivo test at T1; VRT at T2 only for EG; in vivo test at T3. During the in vivo test, the four FLSs were assessed in their natural environments. Both EG-DC and EG-NDC significantly improved in all of the VRT variable scores (the EG-NDC group seemed to show better outcomes than the EG-DC group). Moderate-to-high satisfaction with the VRT was reported. EG-DC and EG-NDC also enhanced their performances in the in vivo test. No statistically significant differences between them were found. CG-DC and CG-NDC improved only in the execution time of Information in the in vivo test. These findings confirm the ecological validity of VRT for FLSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Panerai
- Unit of Psychology I.C., Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Valentina Catania
- Unit of Psychology I.C., Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Francesco Rundo
- Unit of Bioinformatics and Statistics, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Domenica Tasca
- Unit of Psychology I.C., Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Sabrina Musso
- Unit of Psychology I.C., Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Muratore
- Unit of Psychology I.C., Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Raffaele Ferri
- Unit of Neurology I.C., Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
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Klymus TM, Ravchyna TV, Herus O, Kozak MY, Tiurina TG, Shkoliar MV, Marcucci G. USING THE SENSORY INTEGRATION TECHNIQUE FOR PEOPLE WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS DURING TRAINING AT THE CLIMBING SECTION. POLSKI MERKURIUSZ LEKARSKI : ORGAN POLSKIEGO TOWARZYSTWA LEKARSKIEGO 2023; 51:558-562. [PMID: 38069858 DOI: 10.36740/merkur202305116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aim: To analyze the practical application of the sensory integration technique for individuals with autism spectrum disorder at a climbing section, and to investigate the impact of physical activity on improving their proprioceptive and vestibular systems. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and Methods: The method of included participant observation at the climbing classes with constant recording the behavior (desirable and undesirable) was used. The sensory screening (developed by J. Ayres) was applied for recording and determining the sensory systems of the people with ASD before the start of training and again after a month. The scale of Sensory Integration and Praxis Tests (SIPT) was used for assessing certain aspects of participants' sensory processing or perception according to the goals set during the climbing classes. RESULTS Results: The results of the research showed that the application of the sensory integration technique for individuals with ACD at a climbing section promoted the dynamics of changes in their sensory system during training considering the characteristics of their sensory system. The positive changes were observed in the way the people with ACD felt about their own bodies and their involvement in sports activities that in its turn made it possible to be active and develop their sensory system. It has been identified that while planning training for the people with ASD it is necessary to take into account sensory modulation (reading sensory signals) and apply exercises for stimulating sensory sensations that will improve the motor activity of persons with ASD, their social interaction, and safety, as well. CONCLUSION Conclusions: During training at the climbing section sensory information processing of the individuals with ASD have the impact on their body control, hand-eye coordination, and hand sensitivity during training. The improvement of sensory information processing in its turn enables people with ASD to master climbing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tetyana V Ravchyna
- SEPARATE STRUCTURAL UNIT "TECHNICAL VOCATIONAL COLLEGE OF LVIV POLYTECHNIC NATIONAL UNIVERSITY", LVIV, UKRAINE
| | - Olha Herus
- LVIV POLITECHNIK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, LVIV, UKRAINE
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14
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Kang JW, McGrath C, Laliberte Rudman D, Hand C. Social Networks May Shape Visually Impaired Older Adults' Occupational Engagement: A Narrative Inquiry. OTJR-OCCUPATION PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH 2023; 43:98-108. [PMID: 35189757 PMCID: PMC9729976 DOI: 10.1177/15394492221078315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Age-related vision loss (ARVL) has been shown to interfere with older adults' occupational engagement. The primary purpose was to examine the role social networks play in facilitating/constraining engagement in desired occupations for older adults with ARVL. This study adopted a constructivist narrative methodology. Five older adults, ≥ 60 years of age with ARVL, participated in three virtual interviews, which were coded using thematic analysis. Three overarching themes were identified: (a) Diverse Social Networks Fulfill Different Occupational and Psychosocial Needs, (b) Retaining a Sense of Independence through Seeking Reciprocity in Social Relationships, and (c) Community Mobility and Technology Support as Essential for Preserving Social Relationships. Findings broaden understandings of how informal/formal social networks are involved in shaping visually-impaired older adults' adaptation to ARVL and related occupational changes. Findings may help improve the quality and delivery of low-vision rehabilitation services to optimize their contribution to occupational engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Kang
- University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada,Ji Won Kang, School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1.
| | | | | | - Carri Hand
- Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Ho ECM, Siu AMH. Evaluation of an occupation-based sleep programme for people with Insomnia. Hong Kong J Occup Ther 2022; 35:168-179. [PMID: 36467519 PMCID: PMC9716463 DOI: 10.1177/15691861221136261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep problems are a health issue worldwide. Based on the Person-Environment-Occupation-Performance model, we developed an occupation-based sleep programme to promote awareness of sleep hygiene factors, promote an environment conductive to sleep, and restructure participation in daytime activities with a focus on occupational balance. METHOD This study uses a non-equivalent group design to evaluate the effectiveness of an occupation-based sleep intervention among community-dwelling adults with insomnia, when compared with a treatment-as-usual (TAU) group which focused on sleep hygiene, and relaxation. RESULTS When compared with the TAU group (n = 20), the intervention group (n = 22) had significant improvement in sleep duration, occupational balance, and reduction in mood symptoms at both post treatment and 1-month follow up. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that an occupation-based programme is an effective treatment for insomnia disorder and demonstrated the role which occupational therapy could play in primary health care service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eris C. M. Ho
- Occupational Therapy Department, Tai Po Hospital, Hospital Authority, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Andrew M. H. Siu
- Department of Health Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
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16
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Stevović LI, Repišti S, Radojičić T, Sartorius N, Tomori S, Kulenović AD, Popova A, Kuzman MR, Vlachos II, Statovci S, Bandati A, Novotni A, Bajraktarov S, Panfil AL, Maric N, Delić M, Jovanović N. Non-pharmacological interventions for schizophrenia—analysis of treatment guidelines and implementation in 12 Southeast European countries. SCHIZOPHRENIA 2022; 8:10. [PMID: 35232972 PMCID: PMC8888596 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-022-00226-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis study aimed to analyze treatment guidelines of 12 SEE countries to identify non-pharmacological interventions recommended for schizophrenia, explore the evidence base supporting recommendations, and assess the implementation of recommended interventions. Desk and content analysis were employed to analyze the guidelines. Experts were surveyed across the 12 countries to assess availability of non-pharmacological treatments in leading mental health institutions, staff training, and inclusion in the official service price list. Most SEE countries have published treatment guidelines for schizophrenia focused on pharmacotherapy. Nine countries—Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia—included non-pharmacological interventions. The remaining three countries—Kosovo (UN Resolution), Romania, and Slovenia—have not published such treatment guidelines, however they are on offer in leading institutions. The median number of recommended interventions was seven (range 5–11). Family therapy and psychoeducation were recommended in most treatment guidelines. The majority of recommended interventions have a negative or mixed randomized controlled trial evidence base. A small proportion of leading mental health institutions includes these interventions in their official service price list. The interventions recommended in the treatment guidelines seem to be rarely implemented within mental health services in the SEE countries.
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İnal Ö, Karahan S, Matuska K. Turkish version of life balance inventory: Validity, reliability, and cultural adaptation study. Scand J Occup Ther 2022:1-8. [DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2022.2145995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Özgü İnal
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Gülhane Health Sciences, Health Sciences University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevilay Karahan
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kathleen Matuska
- Occupational Therapy Department, St. Catherine University, St. Paul, MN, USA
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18
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Jiménez-Palomares M, González-López-Arza MV, Garrido-Ardila EM, Montanero-Fernández J, Rodríguez-Domínguez T, Rodríguez-Mansilla J. Effects of a Cognitive Stimulation Program in Institutionalized Patients with Dementia. J Pers Med 2022; 12:1808. [PMID: 36579546 PMCID: PMC9698764 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12111808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The advances achieved by the available research that focus on understanding memory operation and cognitive functions have helped the development of specific treatment approaches. These can help to maintain or improve the cognitive function and well-being of people with dementia. The use of cognitive stimulation in dementia has a long history. There are multiple studies that have demonstrated its benefits on the cognitive levels of patients with mild to moderate dementia. However, all of the studies on this type of non-pharmacological intervention conclude that there is a need for more clinical trials in order to give more solidity to the evidence already found. The objective of this pilot study was to assess the effects of an occupational therapy cognitive training program on the cognitive function of institutionalized older adults with dementia. Methods: The study was a pilot randomized clinical controlled trial. A total of 58 participants with major neurocognitive disorder or dementia were randomized to the occupational therapy cognitive training program group or to the conventional occupational therapy group twice a week for 5 weeks. The cognitive level was measured with the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) and the Lobo’s Cognitive Mini Test (LCMT), which is the Mini-Mental Status Examination in Spanish. Measures were taken at baseline (week 0), after 5 weeks of treatment (week 5), and after 6 weeks of follow up (week 12). A value of p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: There were no statistical differences between groups in the LCMT global scores at baseline or after the intervention at week 5. However, the analysis of the specific cognitive areas assessed in the Lobo’s Cognitive Mini Test indicated that that the intervention group significantly improved comprehension of verbal commands and praxis (p = 0.021). At the follow-up measure, the differences obtained in relation to verbal commands and praxis maintained the statistical differences significantly (p = 0.009). Conclusions: Occupational therapy based on cognitive training shows positive effects on the maintenance of the global cognitive state of institutionalized older adults with dementia and improves significantly the comprehension of verbal commands and praxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Jiménez-Palomares
- ADOLOR Research Group, Department of Medical-Surgical Therapy, Medicine and Health Sciences Faculty, Extremadura University, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - María Victoria González-López-Arza
- ADOLOR Research Group, Department of Medical-Surgical Therapy, Medicine and Health Sciences Faculty, Extremadura University, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Elisa María Garrido-Ardila
- ADOLOR Research Group, Department of Medical-Surgical Therapy, Medicine and Health Sciences Faculty, Extremadura University, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Jesús Montanero-Fernández
- Mathematics Department, Medicine and Health Sciences Faculty, Extremadura University, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Trinidad Rodríguez-Domínguez
- ROBOLAB Research Group, Medical-Surgical Therapy Department, Nursing and Occupational Therapy Faculty, Extremadura University, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Juan Rodríguez-Mansilla
- ADOLOR Research Group, Department of Medical-Surgical Therapy, Medicine and Health Sciences Faculty, Extremadura University, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
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Ludwig R, Eakman A, Bath-Scheel C, Siengsukon C. How Occupational Therapists Assess and Address the Occupational Domain of Sleep: A Survey Study. Am J Occup Ther 2022; 76:23962. [PMID: 36399390 PMCID: PMC9891903 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2022.049379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Sleep is a foundational occupation in the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework: Domain and Process (2nd ed.), yet little is known about how occupational therapists assess and address sleep in practice. OBJECTIVE To survey practicing occupational therapists' comfort with their level of knowledge about sleep, how they are assessing and addressing sleep in clinical practice, and the amount of sleep-related education they have received. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey study. SETTING Electronic survey. PARTICIPANTS Practicing occupational therapists were invited to participate in November 2020. Survey invitations were sent via email targeting occupational therapists serving as clinical instructors. OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The survey consisted of 41 items assessing comfort with sleep knowledge, occupation of sleep, and sleep education received. This survey was modified from a previous survey and tailored to the occupational therapy profession. RESULTS A total of 169 occupational therapists completed the survey. Most (87%) agreed that sleep was an occupation, but only 44% evaluated their clients' sleep, and 30% established treatment goals pertaining to sleep. In addition, 66% reported not receiving education about sleep in their entry-level occupational therapy program, and 78% reported receiving no continuing education about sleep in the past 2 yr. Most (92%) reported that occupational therapists should be better prepared to evaluate and treat sleep after graduation. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Most occupational therapists identified sleep as an area of occupation but had limited knowledge of how to assess and address sleep in practice. Entry-level occupational therapy education programs must enhance sleep-related curricula, and continuing education programs tailored to sleep issues within occupational therapists' practice are needed. What This Article Adds: The results of this study indicate gaps in occupational therapists' knowledge regarding how best to assess and treat sleep problems. We offer next steps to improve the profession's capacity to address the occupation of sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Ludwig
- Rebecca Ludwig, OTR/L, is PhD candidate, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City;
| | - Aaron Eakman
- Aaron Eakman, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins
| | - Carrie Bath-Scheel
- Carrie Bath-Scheel, PhD, OT/L, is Professor Emeritus, Department of Occupational Therapy, Concordia University Wisconsin, Mequon, and Director of Ergonomics, OccuPro, Kenosha, WI
| | - Catherine Siengsukon
- Catherine Siengsukon, PhD, PT, is Associate Professor, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City
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20
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Jung HT, Kim Y, Lee J, Lee SI, Choe EK. Envisioning the use of in-situ arm movement data in stroke rehabilitation: Stroke survivors' and occupational therapists' perspectives. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274142. [PMID: 36264782 PMCID: PMC9584451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The key for successful stroke upper-limb rehabilitation includes the personalization of therapeutic interventions based on patients' functional ability and performance level. However, therapists often encounter challenges in supporting personalized rehabilitation due to the lack of information about how stroke survivors use their stroke-affected arm outside the clinic. Wearable technologies have been considered as an effective, objective solution to monitor patients' arm use patterns in their naturalistic environments. However, these technologies have remained a proof of concept and have not been adopted as mainstream therapeutic products, and we lack understanding of how key stakeholders perceive the use of wearable technologies in their practice. OBJECTIVE We aim to understand how stroke survivors and therapists perceive and envision the use of wearable sensors and arm activity data in practical settings and how we could design a wearable-based performance monitoring system to better support the needs of the stakeholders. METHODS We conducted semi-structured interviews with four stroke survivors and 15 occupational therapists (OTs) based on real-world arm use data that we collected for contextualization. To situate our participants, we leveraged a pair of finger-worn accelerometers to collect stroke survivors' arm use data in real-world settings, which we used to create study probes for stroke survivors and OTs, respectively. The interview data was analyzed using the thematic approach. RESULTS Our study unveiled a detailed account of (1) the receptiveness of stroke survivors and OTs for using wearable sensors in clinical practice, (2) OTs' envisioned strategies to utilize patient-generated sensor data in the light of providing patients with personalized therapy programs, and (3) practical challenges and design considerations to address for the accelerated integration of wearable systems into their practice. CONCLUSIONS These findings offer promising directions for the design of a wearable solution that supports OTs to develop individually-tailored therapy programs for stroke survivors to improve their affected arm use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Tae Jung
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University at IUPUI, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Yoojung Kim
- Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, S. Korea
| | - Juhyeon Lee
- College of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Sunghoon Ivan Lee
- College of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America,* E-mail: (EKC); (SIL)
| | - Eun Kyoung Choe
- College of Information Studies, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, United States of America,* E-mail: (EKC); (SIL)
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21
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Experience of Recently Graduated Occupational Therapists in Addressing Sexuality with Their Clients. SEXUALITY AND DISABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11195-022-09762-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHealth care consumers have emphasised the importance of being able to express themselves in a sexual nature, regardless of their health conditions. Unfortunately, literature based on experienced occupational therapists and students, indicates sexuality is poorly addressed, despite being a meaningful occupation. There is limited literature based on Australian experiences or the experiences of recent graduates, therefore this study aimed to explore how comfortable and prepared 11 recent graduates who studied in Australia, were in addressing sexuality, as well as the enablers and challenges experienced. A qualitative research design was utilized, with results demonstrating that undergraduate curricula are not adequately preparing new graduates to feel equipped with the knowledge, skills, comfort and preparedness to address sexuality. Enablers such as education, professional development and supportive workplaces, can aid to facilitate positive change in this area of practice, which may improve client outcomes.
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22
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Choi S, Kim D. Effects of Combining Cognitive Behavioral Therapy with Bilateral Upper Limb Training in Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Occup Ther Int 2022; 2022:4688113. [PMID: 35912312 PMCID: PMC9282985 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4688113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
CBT has a beneficial effect on depression and anxiety; however, the number of cases where therapy was used in patients with stroke was rare. In addition, there is still a lack of research on the effects of occupation-based training and the effects of bilateral upper limb training that provides an intervention based on patients' state of hemiplegic upper limb function. This study investigated the effects of combining CBT and occupation-based bilateral upper limb training on the depression, anxiety, upper limb function, and occupational performance. The experimental group was given 30-min cognitive behavioral therapy and occupation-based bilateral upper limb training, while the control group was given 30-min conventional occupational therapy and occupation-based bilateral upper limb training. For both groups, the intervention was given as a 30-min session once a day and five times a week for 4 weeks. Following intervention, the experimental group showed significant within-group variance for automatic thoughts, depression, anxiety, upper limb function, and occupational performance only (p < 0.01). For between-group variance, a significant difference was found for automatic thoughts, depression, anxiety, and occupational performance (p < 0.01), however, not for upper limb function (p > 0.05). In this study, it is meaningful that this author provided good guidelines for therapists and caregivers by organizing and providing actual programs in a very rare situation where cognitive behavioral therapy was applied to stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- SoEun Choi
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Cheongju St. Mary's Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - DeokJu Kim
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Health & Medical Sciences, Cheongju University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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Patrick Heard C, Scott J, Yeo RS. Spiritual Care Professionals as Unit-Based Interdisciplinary Team Members? Considering Patient and Staff Perceptions in a Forensic Mental Health Care Setting. THE JOURNAL OF PASTORAL CARE & COUNSELING : JPCC 2022; 76:139-149. [PMID: 35435074 DOI: 10.1177/15423050221092317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This project considers two co-occurring studies accounting perceptions of patients (n=8) and staff (n=8) related to assignment of Spiritual Care students as full-time interdisciplinary team members at a Forensic mental health facility. Students on 12-week placements were individually assigned to care units. Qualitative method consistent with Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was employed. The co-occurring studies identified that enhanced access to Spiritual Care was valued. Staff and patients indicated a desire for more spirituality focused participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clark Patrick Heard
- 383648Southwest Centre for Forensic Mental Health Care, St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada
- 151158Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- 6221The University of Western Ontario School of Occupational Therapy, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jared Scott
- 383648Southwest Centre for Forensic Mental Health Care, St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada
- 151158Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- 6221The University of Western Ontario School of Occupational Therapy, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rev'd Stephen Yeo
- 383648Southwest Centre for Forensic Mental Health Care, St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada
- 151158Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- Martin Luther University College, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Bachmann P, Hruska J. Alzheimer Caregiving Problems According to ADLs: Evidence from Facebook Support Groups. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116423. [PMID: 35682011 PMCID: PMC9180182 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background and study goal: Social media are a societal phenomenon today, including the oldest generation, yet they are seldom used in current health research to identify the needs of persons with Alzheimer’s disease (PADs) and their carers. There is an even bigger research gap in the analysis of caregivers’ communication in online support groups and its classification according to activities of daily living (ADLs). For this, the goal of this study is to identify real-life practices of informal caregivers who care for PADs based on the analysis of their communication in Facebook groups. Methods: A sample of 1603 contributions was obtained from support groups by keyword search, manual coding, and verification; thus, the contributions in the sample are relevant for the individual basic ADLs of PADs. Next, five main conversation topics were identified for each ADL. This was done using the topic extractor based on simple parallel threaded implementation of LDA with a sparse sampling scheme and data structure. Results: The qualitative dimension of research identified discussion topics as well as specific caregiver behavior patterns for each ADL. The quantitative dimension determining the level of engagement of group members in individual ADLs was also measured. The highest engagement was found in activities of feeding and drinking, followed by bathing. In contrast, the activities of dressing, continence, and toileting attract the lowest interest. Moreover, the causal links between the topics discussed within the areas of ADLs were identified. Conclusions: The acquired knowledge can help further research focus on the most problematic areas relevant for people with AD in order to increase their quality of life and at the same time reduce the caregiver burden. The study expands the information of the demands posed by the individual caregiver activities, specifically in the context of activity-based costing or time-based activity costing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Bachmann
- Department of Management, University of Hradec Králové, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| | - Jan Hruska
- Department of Economy, University of Hradec Králové, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
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da Silva Araujo A, Anne Kinsella E, Thomas A, Demonari Gomes L, Quevedo Marcolino T. Clinical Reasoning in Occupational Therapy Practice: A Scoping Review of Qualitative and Conceptual Peer-Reviewed Literature. Am J Occup Ther 2022; 76:7603205070. [PMID: 35648118 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2022.048074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The occupational therapy clinical reasoning literature includes a large proportion of peer-reviewed qualitative and conceptual articles. Although these articles can contribute to the understanding of how clinical reasoning has been conceptualized in occupational therapy, they have not yet received in-depth analytic attention. To address this gap, we conducted a scoping review. OBJECTIVE To examine how qualitative and conceptual literature has addressed clinical reasoning in occupational therapy. DATA SOURCES Database searches were conducted in Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Embase, and MEDLINE. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA COLLECTION Included articles were published between 2010 and 2019, were peer reviewed, addressed clinical reasoning in occupational therapy, were qualitative or conceptual articles, focused on practitioners, and were in English. Twenty-six articles met the inclusion criteria. Data were extracted according to relevant categories and were analyzed numerically and thematically. FINDINGS Four themes were identified: clinical reasoning processes, factors influencing clinical reasoning, new models or frameworks to guide clinical reasoning, and emergent perspectives on clinical reasoning. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This review advances knowledge about how clinical reasoning has been conceptualized in occupational therapy and has been applied in a range of practice contexts. The review highlights discussions about types of reasoning, the dynamic and iterative nature of reasoning, contextual dimensions of reasoning, client-centered and occupation-based approaches, new frameworks and models, and emergent and innovative perspectives on clinical reasoning in occupational therapy. What This Article Adds: This scoping review represents an important contribution to knowledge about how clinical reasoning has been conceptualized in occupational therapy by mapping key themes and illuminating scholarly conversations in the qualitative and conceptual clinical reasoning literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica da Silva Araujo
- Angelica da Silva Araujo, MSc, BSc, is PhD Student, Postgraduate Program in Occupational Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Elizabeth Anne Kinsella
- Elizabeth Anne Kinsella, PhD, MAEd, BSc(OT), is Professor and Director, Institute of Health Sciences Education, and Associate Member, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aliki Thomas
- Aliki Thomas, PhD, is Associate Professor, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy and Institute of Health Sciences Education, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Laysla Demonari Gomes
- Laysla Demonari Gomes, BSc, MSc, is PhD Student, Department of Occupational Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tais Quevedo Marcolino
- Tais Quevedo Marcolino, PhD, MSc, BSc, is Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Hernández-Vergel VK, Prada-Núñez R, Hernández-Suárez CA. [Zika in gestation. Impact on execution skills and maturity age in infantsZika em gestacao. Impacto nas habilidades de execucao e idade maturacional em bebés]. REVISTA CUIDARTE 2022; 13:e1. [PMID: 40115799 PMCID: PMC11559292 DOI: 10.15649/cuidarte.1928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 03/23/2025] Open
Abstract
Introduction Zika virus is transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes, but it can also occur through an intrauterine infection before delivery, and the virus passes to the fetus. Objective describe the level of impairment in performance skills and maturation age of brave boys and girls of the future program with neonatal Zika virus infection. Materials and Methods Research is framed with a quantitative correlational approach supported by field research and non-experimental design, with a sample of 15 infants aged 3, 4 and 5 years. The data collection technique used was the Abbreviated Scale. Results Regarding the areas evaluated with respect to maturational age, it was found that the weighting of motor skills and praxis found a correlation coefficient of 0.601 (moderate) and in the sample of performance skills of 3-year- old children. With gestational zika, a correlation of 0.853 (strong) was obtained. Discussion Zika virus infection in boys and girls, acquired during pregnancy, strongly limits the execution skills typical of maturational age in this population. Conclusions there is a correlation between infants with gestational zika and strong involvement in the actions or behaviors that a patient has in moving and physically interacting with activities, objects and thus performing a learned motor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Karina Hernández-Vergel
- Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Salud, Grupo de investigación en biomecánica, Comunidad y neurodesarrollo - Entropía, Cúcuta, Colombia. E-mail: Universidad de Santander Universidad de Santander Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Salud Cúcuta Colombia
| | - Raúl Prada-Núñez
- Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Cúcuta, Colombia. E-mail: Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Cúcuta Colombia
| | - César Augusto Hernández-Suárez
- Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Cúcuta, Colombia. E-mail: Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Cúcuta Colombia
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Lai FHY, Tong AYC, Fung AWT, Yu KKY, Wong SSL, Lai CYY, Man DWK. Information Communication Technology as Instrumental Activities of Daily Living for Aging-in-Place in Chinese Older Adults With and Without Cognitive Impairment: The Validation Study of Advanced Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale. Front Neurol 2022; 13:746640. [PMID: 35356457 PMCID: PMC8959306 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.746640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The capability in applying information communication technology (ICT) is crucial to the functional independence of older peoples of community living nowadays. The proper assessment of individuals' capability of ICT application is the corner stone for the future development of telemedicine in our aging population. Methods With the recruitment of 300 participants of different functional and social background in home-living, hostel-living, and care-and-attention home living; and through assessing the ability of individuals in instrumental activities of daily living and cognitive assessments, this study aimed at capturing the content validity and construct validity of the Advanced Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (AIADL scale). In addition, this study assess the ability of older peoples in applying ICT and how the functional and social background affects their independence in aging-in-place. Results The AIADL scale showed good test-retest reliability and good-to-excellent internal consistency. To determine if items of the AIADL scale measure various aspects of community living, exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure with “home living and management” and “community living”. Validity analysis with the known-groups method showed a high overall accuracy of prediction of individuals' capability of independent living in the community. Conclusions The AIADL scale is a valid and reliable instrument to assess the ability of older adults in handling ICT as part of their instrumental activities in daily living. The scale can reflect capability of older peoples in applying ICT. This instrument can serve as a reference in measuring readiness of individuals in receiving telemedicine and their ability of aging-in-place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Ho-yin Lai
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Frank Ho-yin Lai
| | - Angela Yuk-chung Tong
- Occupational Therapy Department, West Kowloon General Out-Patient Clinic, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ada Wai-tung Fung
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kathy Ka-ying Yu
- Salvation Army Hong Kong and Macau Command, Tai Po Multi-Service Centre for Senior Citizen, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sharon Sui-lam Wong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cynthia Yuen-yi Lai
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - David Wai-kwong Man
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Güney Yılmaz G, Zengin G, Temuçin K, Aygün D, Akı E. How the occupational balance of healthcare professionals changed in the COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed design study. Aust Occup Ther J 2021; 68:520-534. [PMID: 34476823 PMCID: PMC8652546 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1630.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it has been possible for many people to make a gradual transition to normal life or routine activities, the same seems far off for healthcare professionals. The current study examines in depth how the occupational balance of healthcare professionals has changed in the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS The current study has a mixed design, which involves collecting both qualitative and quantitative data. In the first stage of the study, which is the quantitative one, Turkish Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ11-T) was used to collect data, whereas the second stage of the study, which is the qualitative one, was designed to explore occupational balance and the related issues via using semi-structured interviews. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare parameters between the groups (working in active-passive contact with COVID patients). On the other hand, qualitative data were evaluated via consensual qualitative data analysis. RESULTS The level of occupational balance of healthcare professionals included in the study group was found to be significantly lower than the level of occupational balance of healthcare professionals included in the control group (P = .005). Although there was no clear problem in self-care activities of healthcare professionals, the balance between productivity and leisure time activities was disrupted. CONCLUSIONS Occupational balance and leisure time use of healthcare professionals, especially those who have active contact with COVID patients, have been affected. A further investigation can be carried out according to gender, age, and other demographic qualities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güleser Güney Yılmaz
- Therapy and Rehabilitation Department, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Gülşah Zengin
- Therapy and Rehabilitation Department, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Nevşehir, Turkey
| | - Keziban Temuçin
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Damla Aygün
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Akı
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Panerai S, Gelardi D, Catania V, Rundo F, Tasca D, Musso S, Prestianni G, Muratore S, Babiloni C, Ferri R. Functional Living Skills: A Non-Immersive Virtual Reality Training for Individuals with Major Neurocognitive Disorders. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21175751. [PMID: 34502642 PMCID: PMC8433763 DOI: 10.3390/s21175751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The loss of functional living skills (FLS) is an essential feature of major neurocognitive disorders (M-NCD); virtual reality training (VRT) offers many possibilities for improving FLS in people with M-NCD. The aim of our study was to verify the effectiveness of a non-immersive VRT on FLS for patients with M-NCD. VRT was carried out for 10 to 20 sessions, by means of four 3D apps developed in our institute and installed on a large touch screen. The experimental group (EG) and the control group (CG) included 24 and 18 patients with M-NCD, respectively. They were administered the in vivo test (in specific hospital places reproducing the natural environments) at T1 (pre-training) and T3 (post-training); at T2, only EG was administered VRT. Statistically significant differences between EG and CG in all the in vivo tests were found in the number of correct responses; during VRT, the number of correct responses increased, while the execution times and the number of clues decreased. The improvement in the in vivo tests appeared to be related to the specific VRT applied. The satisfaction of participants with the VRT was moderate to high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonetta Panerai
- Unit of Psychology I.C., Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (S.P.); (D.G.); (V.C.); (D.T.); (S.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Donatella Gelardi
- Unit of Psychology I.C., Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (S.P.); (D.G.); (V.C.); (D.T.); (S.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Valentina Catania
- Unit of Psychology I.C., Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (S.P.); (D.G.); (V.C.); (D.T.); (S.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Francesco Rundo
- Unit of Bioinformatics and Statistics, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy;
| | - Domenica Tasca
- Unit of Psychology I.C., Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (S.P.); (D.G.); (V.C.); (D.T.); (S.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Sabrina Musso
- Unit of Psychology I.C., Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (S.P.); (D.G.); (V.C.); (D.T.); (S.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Giuseppina Prestianni
- Unit of Psychology I.C., Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (S.P.); (D.G.); (V.C.); (D.T.); (S.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Stefano Muratore
- Unit of Psychology I.C., Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (S.P.); (D.G.); (V.C.); (D.T.); (S.M.); (G.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Raffaele Ferri
- Unit of Neurology I.C., Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Hansen AØ, Kristensen HK, Cederlund R, Möller S, Tromborg H. An occupation-based intervention in patients with hand-related disorders grouped using the sense of coherence scale-A randomized controlled trial. J Hand Ther 2021; 33:455-469. [PMID: 32156580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jht.2019.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A nonblinded randomized controlled trial. INTRODUCTION Occupation-based interventions are superior to physical exercise-based interventions in patients with activity limitations. However, only a few studies have examined the effect in patients with hand-related disorders. Patients recover heterogeneously, which could be due to personal factors, such as sense of coherence (SOC). PURPOSE OF THE STUDY To investigate the effectiveness of an occupation-based intervention for patients with hand-related disorders and whether SOC can give an indication of the expected effects. METHODS A total of 504 patients were stratified into three SOC groups and then randomized to either an occupation-based intervention, including physical exercises (OBI) or a physical exercise-based occupation-focused intervention. The primary outcome, functioning, was measured using the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire. Primary endpoint was at three months. Patients were followed up for a year. RESULTS No significant difference was found in primary outcome analysis. Nevertheless, patients receiving OBI had a statistically significant and greater change in satisfaction with their occupational performance at one, two, and three months follow-up. Patients with a weak SOC had worse functioning and lower health-related quality of life than those in the other groups, at all times. CONCLUSIONS OBI as delivered in this study was not superior to physical exercise-based occupation-focused intervention in this patient group. However, in taking a client-centered approach, we recommend that OBI be based on individual needs, given that patients had a statistically greater change in score regarding satisfaction with their occupational performance. It is evident that patients with a weaker SOC have a lower level of functioning. This knowledge should inform clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Ørts Hansen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark; Department of Rehabilitation, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark.
| | - Hanne Kaae Kristensen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark; Department of Rehabilitation, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark; Health Sciences Research Center, University College Lillebaelt, Odense M, Denmark
| | | | - Sören Möller
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark; OPEN - Odense Patient data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Hans Tromborg
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
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Seward J, Stavrinos D, Moore D, Attridge N, Trost Z. When driving hurts: characterizing the experience and impact of driving with back pain. Scand J Pain 2021; 21:445-456. [PMID: 33641275 DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2020-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Driving is one of the most widespread aspects of daily living to people in the United States and is an active process that requires various cognitive functions, such as attention. Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is one of the more prevalent and costly health conditions in the world, with individuals who report CLBP also reporting significant impairment across different domains of daily life both physically and cognitively. However, despite the prevalence of these two constructs, research detailing the experience of driving in pain remains largely underrepresented. This cross-sectional study sought to characterize the driving experience of people who experience CLBP, focusing on the psychological constructs related to chronic pain like pain catastrophizing, affective responses (irritability, anxiety, fear), and self-reported driving behaviors and outcomes. METHODS This study distributed an online questionnaire measuring pain, disability, and other psychological constructs commonly associated with CLBP like pain catastrophizing through M-turk to 307 U.S. participants with recurring CLBP and regular driving activity. Participants also answered questions regarding driving in pain, affective responses to driving in pain (i.e., irritability, anxiety, and fear), driving behaviors and violations, driving avoidance habits as a result of pain, opioid use, using pain medication while driving, and recent vehicle collisions within the past three years. Bivariate correlations were used to compare study variables, and one-way ANOVA's were used to compare means between participants with and without a collision history within the past three years. RESULTS Findings demonstrated significant positive associations not only between the psychological factors commonly associated with chronic pain, such as pain intensity, pain disability, pain catastrophizing, and the cognitive intrusion by pain, but also statistically significant relationships between these measures and pain intensity while driving, affective responses to driving in pain, driving violations, and driving avoidance habits. Additionally, in comparison to participants with no collision history within the past three years, participants who had been driving during a vehicle collision reported greater pain catastrophizing and cognitive intrusion by pain scores. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, the current study is the first to characterize driving experience specifically among individuals with CLBP, with attention to the relationship among key sensory, affective, and cognitive psychological metrics as well as self-reported driving history and behavior. The current findings reinforce multiple associations between pain and cognitive-affective variables that have been observed in literature outside the driving context, including pain intensity, anger, inattention, and behavioral disruption. Given that driving is a pervasive, potentially risky behavior that requires some form of cognitive focus and control, the current findings point to a continued need to examine these associations within this specific life context. We believe we have laid a groundwork for research considering the role of psychological pain variables in a driving performance. However, the nature of our analyses prevents any sort of causality from being inferred, and that future experimental research is warranted to better understand and explain these mechanisms underlying driving in pain while accounting for participant bias and subject interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Seward
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Despina Stavrinos
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - David Moore
- School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,Research Centre for Brain and Behaviour, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Nina Attridge
- School of Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Zina Trost
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA
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Barrios-Fernandez S, Gozalo M, Garcia-Gomez A, Carlos-Vivas J, Romero-Ayuso D. A Novel Tool to Assess Basic Activities of Daily Living in Spanish Preschoolers. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:496. [PMID: 34200660 PMCID: PMC8227419 DOI: 10.3390/children8060496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basic activities of daily living (BADLs) are those related to self-care. Their performance depends on the development of sensorimotor and cognitive skills, as well as social and environmental aspects. A good performance in BADLs is required for independence and social participation, so they play an important role in early education and early care. We aim to create a tool for BADLs assessment for Spanish preschoolers. METHODS The tool was administered to 303 participants (48.5% boys and 51.5% girls) between three and six years of age. Analyses to find out the factorial structure and internal consistency was carried out. RESULTS The instrument was composed of 84 items in four scales (eating, personal hygiene, dressing, and daily functioning) with nine factors (oral sensitivity, good manners, manual dexterity, brushing teeth, toilet management, hygiene and grooming, dressing, higher-order and core executive function). Reliability values were from acceptable to preferred (0.74-0.94). CONCLUSIONS The instrument could be useful and shows preliminary good indicators in construct validity and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margarita Gozalo
- Psychology and Anthropology Department, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Andres Garcia-Gomez
- Education Sciences Department, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Jorge Carlos-Vivas
- Health, Economy, Motricity and Education Research Group (HEME), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
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Impact of COVID-19 on Community Participation and Mobility in Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders. J Autism Dev Disord 2021; 52:1553-1567. [PMID: 33988774 PMCID: PMC8120258 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-021-05054-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Transportation and mobility for community participation is difficult for persons with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) under normal circumstances, but the impact of COVID-19 made access even more challenging. Researchers used a single-subject design to examine patterns of change from before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in community mobility and participation as measured by GPS and daily participation questionnaires. Participants were young adults with ASD between the ages of 21 and 27 (4 males, 2 females) who were enrolled in a subsequent study. Community mobility and participation decreased for all participants in both essential and non-essential activities. Additionally, the number of trips for participants decreased substantially in the after COVID-19 periods, as did the variability in modes of transit.
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Shahbazi M, Mirzakhany N, Alizadeh Zarei M, Zayeri F, Daryabor A. Translation and cultural adaptation of the Sensory Profile 2 to the Persian language. Br J Occup Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/0308022621991768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The purpose of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the original Sensory Profile 2 questionnaires to Persian and access the psychometric properties of the adapted questionnaires. Method The translation and cultural adaptation of the original questionnaires were carried out under the published guidelines. Furthermore, we employed the multiple methods to establish the validity and reliability of the Sensory Profile 2 questionnaires. We calculated the content validity, internal consistency, and test–retest, along with the standard error of measurement. The study included 1272 children, between 0 and 14 years old, without any disabilities. They were selected from child developmental centers and elementary and middle schools of Tehran, the capital of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Results The item-level content validity index and the scale-level were satisfactory for all the items, quadrant, section, and factor of the Sensory Profile 2. The values of alpha for all questionnaires were ranged from 0.67 to 0.91. Furthermore, the test–retest reliability values for all questionnaires ranged from 0.72 to 0.95. Conclusions The Sensory Profile 2-Persian version can considered as a valid and reliable tool for utilization in Persian-speaking children between 0 and 14 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Shahbazi
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Mirzakhany
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Alizadeh Zarei
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Zayeri
- Proteomics Research Center and Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aliyeh Daryabor
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Iran, Tehran
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Identifying occupational therapy outcome measures supportive of recovery-orientated mental health services in Ireland. IRISH JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/ijot-01-2020-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose
No occupational therapy outcome measures have been designed specifically for recovery-orientated services.This paper aims to identify occupational therapy outcome measures relevant to mental health practice and assess them against recovery principles adopted by Irish Mental Health Services.
Design/methodology/approach
A narrative review methodology was used to appraise outcome measures against CHIME recovery principles.
Findings
A systematic search across 13 databases identified eight well-established outcome measures commonly used within occupational therapy mental health literature. The included outcome measures were appraised using a recovery alignment tool.
Practical implications
All outcome measures connected to some recovery processes. Those using semi-structured interview formats and notably the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) had the strongest alignment to recovery processes.
Originality/value
This is the first known review which provides some validation that the included outcome measures support recovery processes, yet the measures rely heavily on therapist’s skills for processes to be facilitated. It recommends that ways to better support the process of partnership in occupational therapy mental health outcome measures be explored and further research be undertaken.
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Adamou M, Asherson P, Arif M, Buckenham L, Cubbin S, Dancza K, Gorman K, Gudjonsson G, Gutman S, Kustow J, Mabbott K, May-Benson T, Muller-Sedgwick U, Pell E, Pitts M, Rastrick S, Sedgwick J, Smith K, Taylor C, Thompson L, van Rensburg K, Young S. Recommendations for occupational therapy interventions for adults with ADHD: a consensus statement from the UK adult ADHD network. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:72. [PMID: 33541313 PMCID: PMC7863422 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03070-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ADHD is neurodevelopmental disorder which persists into adulthood. Presently, therapeutic approaches are mainly pharmacological and psychological whilst the role, scope and approaches of occupational therapists have not been adequately described. RESULTS In this consensus statement we propose that by assessing specific aspects of a person's occupation, occupational therapists can deploy their unique skills in providing specialist interventions for adults with ADHD. We also propose a framework with areas where occupational therapists can focus their assessments and give practice examples of specific interventions. CONCLUSIONS Occupational therapists have much to offer in providing interventions for adults with ADHD. A unified and flexible approach when working with adults with ADHD is most appropriate and further research on occupational therapy interventions is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios Adamou
- School of Human & Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK.
| | - Philip Asherson
- grid.14105.310000000122478951MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Muhammad Arif
- grid.420868.00000 0001 2287 5201Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Louise Buckenham
- grid.500653.50000000404894769Northamptonshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northamptonshire, UK ,The Royal College of Occupational Therapy and Heath Care Professionals Council, London, UK
| | | | - Karina Dancza
- grid.486188.b0000 0004 1790 4399Health and Social Sciences Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kirstie Gorman
- grid.439737.d0000 0004 0382 8292Lancashire Care NHS Foundation Trust, Lancashire, UK
| | - Gísli Gudjonsson
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, England
| | - Sharon Gutman
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - James Kustow
- grid.451052.70000 0004 0581 2008Barnet,Enfield and Haringey NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Kerry Mabbott
- grid.500653.50000000404894769Northamptonshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northamptonshire, UK ,The Royal College of Occupational Therapy and Heath Care Professionals Council, London, UK
| | | | | | - Emma Pell
- grid.499523.00000 0000 8880 3342South West Yorkshire Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Wakefield, UK
| | - Mark Pitts
- grid.37640.360000 0000 9439 0839South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Jane Sedgwick
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, England
| | | | - Clare Taylor
- grid.439450.f0000 0001 0507 6811South West London and St George’s Mental Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Lucy Thompson
- grid.499523.00000 0000 8880 3342South West Yorkshire Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Wakefield, UK
| | - Kobus van Rensburg
- grid.500653.50000000404894769Northamptonshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northamptonshire, UK
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Courtwright AM, Rubin E, Erler KS, Bandini JI, Zwirner M, Cremens MC, McCoy TH, Robinson EM. Experience with a Revised Hospital Policy on Not Offering Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. HEC Forum 2020; 34:73-88. [PMID: 33136221 DOI: 10.1007/s10730-020-09429-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Critical care society guidelines recommend that ethics committees mediate intractable conflict over potentially inappropriate treatment, including Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) status. There are, however, limited data on cases and circumstances in which ethics consultants recommend not offering cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) despite patient or surrogate requests and whether physicians follow these recommendations. This was a retrospective cohort of all adult patients at a large academic medical center for whom an ethics consult was requested for disagreement over DNR status. Patient demographic predictors of ethics consult outcomes were analyzed. In 42 of the 116 cases (36.2%), the patient or surrogate agreed to the clinician recommended DNR order following ethics consultation. In 72 of 74 (97.3%) of the remaining cases, ethics consultants recommended not offering CPR. Physicians went on to write a DNR order without patient/surrogate consent in 57 (79.2%) of those cases. There were no significant differences in age, race/ethnicity, country of origin, or functional status between patients where a DNR order was and was not placed without consent. Physicians were more likely to place a DNR order for patients believed to be imminently dying (p = 0.007). The median time from DNR order to death was 4 days with a 90-day mortality of 88.2%. In this single-center cohort study, there was no evidence that patient demographic factors affected ethics consultants' recommendation to withhold CPR despite patient/surrogate requests. Physicians were most likely to place a DNR order without consent for imminently dying patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Courtwright
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Edwin H. Cassem Optimum Care Committee, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Rubin
- Edwin H. Cassem Optimum Care Committee, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly S Erler
- Edwin H. Cassem Optimum Care Committee, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Occupational Therapy, Massachusetts General Hospital Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Mary Zwirner
- Edwin H. Cassem Optimum Care Committee, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Social Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Cornelia Cremens
- Edwin H. Cassem Optimum Care Committee, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Departments of Psychiatry and Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas H McCoy
- Edwin H. Cassem Optimum Care Committee, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ellen M Robinson
- Edwin H. Cassem Optimum Care Committee, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. .,Patient Care Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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Nimrod G. Aging Well in the Digital Age: Technology in Processes of Selective Optimization with Compensation. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2020; 75:2008-2017. [PMID: 31504873 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbz111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Studies show that using information and communication technology (ICT) contributes significantly to elders' subjective well-being (SWB). Drawing on the Selective Optimization with Compensation (SOC) model, this study aims at exploring the mechanism by which ICT use helps older adults remain engaged in valued life activities and maintain their SWB. METHOD Involving teams from seven countries (Canada, Colombia, Israel, Italy, Peru, Romania, Spain), 27 focus groups were conducted with a total of 184 grandmothers aged 65 years and older who use ICT. RESULTS Analysis led to identification of a series of strategies related to ICT use that may be described in SOC terms. "Intentional limited use" and "Selective timing,", for example, are clearly associated with selection. In addition, numerous optimizing strategies were found to be applied in "Instrumental" and "Leisure" activities, whereas some ICT uses offered compensation for "Aging-related" and "General" challenging circumstances. DISCUSSION The study suggests that ICT is used in all three SOC processes and that its effective application facilitates adjustment and enhances SWB. It should therefore be regarded as a resource that supports existing personal and social resources and life management strategies, and even as a Quality of Life Technology that maintains or enhances functioning in older adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galit Nimrod
- Department of Communication Studies, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences,, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,The Center for Multidisciplinary Research in Aging, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Sex, support and society: a journey to reclaiming sexuality for individuals living with paraplegia in Cape Town, South Africa. Spinal Cord 2020; 59:225-233. [PMID: 33051560 DOI: 10.1038/s41393-020-00558-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Qualitative descriptive study with inductive thematic content analysis. OBJECTIVES To explore how individuals living with paraplegia in South Africa experience sex and intimacy and how they perceive the related health services and support they received whilst adapting to life post injury. SETTING Community based in Cape Town, South Africa. METHODS Purposive and snowball sampling were combined to enrol ten individuals with paraplegia who were all users of the public health system and had been injured for more than 1 year. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and data analysed using inductive thematic content analysis. RESULTS Four categories were derived and captured by the overarching theme of 'a journey to reclaiming sexuality', as depicted by each participant. Psychological consequences of the injury led to challenges with sex and intimacy including a strong emphasis on partner satisfaction. A perceived lack of support mechanisms particularly in relation to poor timing of health services and insufficient peer support led to a lack of understanding and difficulties adjusting to changes in sexual function. Meaningful relationships including elements of sex and/or intimacy were rediscovered following a re-adjustment period although participants often felt disabled by society as socio-cultural norms, such as gender concepts, influenced each individual journey. CONCLUSIONS Complex interactions between intrinsic psychological factors, such as low sexual self-esteem and external factors such as socio-cultural norms, affect sex and intimacy in individuals with paraplegia in this novel context. South Africa's health system should be strengthened to support optimal sexual outcomes of persons with a spinal cord injury.
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Occupational Therapy Practice Framework: Domain and Process—Fourth Edition. Am J Occup Ther 2020; 74:7412410010p1-7412410010p87. [DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2020.74s2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The fourth edition of the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework: Domain and Process (hereinafter referred to as the OTPF–4), is an official document of the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA). Intended for occupational therapy practitioners and students, other health care professionals, educators, researchers, payers, policymakers, and consumers, the OTPF–4 presents a summary of interrelated constructs that describe occupational therapy practice.
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Caregivers' Experience of Caring for a Family Member with Alzheimer's Disease: A Content Analysis of Longitudinal Social Media Communication. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17124412. [PMID: 32575455 PMCID: PMC7345212 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: The population aging together with an increased incidence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) should also be accompanied by a growing interest in healthcare research. Therefore, this study examines the nature of the caregiver’s work, its mental and physical demands, experience and questions, and the relationship between the person with AD, the caregiver, and family members. Methods: As social media has become the place where people share family situations, a Facebook private discussion group of caregivers was chosen as the analytical data source. The study documented the daily-life situations of one-hundred dyads based on 2110 posts published during a six-month or longer period. A content analysis classified communication into 35 categories of basic, instrumental, and extended activities of daily livings (ADLs) and newly designed caregiver’s daily issues (CDIs). Results: The frequently discussed topics were related to exhaustion and feelings of “giving up” by caregivers and interpersonal communication and help from family members. The highest support was found for the topics of aging and dying and family events. Conclusion: The communications of caregivers were diverse and rather associated with co-occupational ADLs and CDIs than basic or instrumental ADLs. The support of the group was mainly provided in coping with fundamental life changes.
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42
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Gomez-Soria I, Peralta-Marrupe P, Plo F. Cognitive stimulation program in mild cognitive impairment A randomized controlled trial. Dement Neuropsychol 2020; 14:110-117. [PMID: 32595879 PMCID: PMC7304274 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642020dn14-020003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-pharmacological cognitive interventions in mild cognitive impairment have demonstrated promising results in preventing or delaying cognitive impairment and functional disability. Cognitive stimulation seems to improve and maintain cognitive and social activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Gomez-Soria
- University of Zaragoza Ringgold standard institution Zaragoza, Aragón, Spain
| | - Patricia Peralta-Marrupe
- Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital Ringgold standard institution Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5DW United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Fernando Plo
- University of Zaragoza Ringgold standard institution Zaragoza, Aragón, Spain
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43
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Yaddaden A, Couture M, Gagnon-Roy M, Belchior P, Lussier M, Bottari C, Giroux S, Pigot H, Bier N. Using a cognitive orthosis to support older adults during meal preparation: Clinicians' perspective on COOK technology. J Rehabil Assist Technol Eng 2020; 7:2055668320909074. [PMID: 32435504 PMCID: PMC7223197 DOI: 10.1177/2055668320909074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Occupational therapists promote safety and autonomy of older adults with cognitive impairments. A technology, named COOK, offers support on a touch screen installed next to the stove to support task performance while correcting risky behaviors. We aimed to document (1) the functional profiles according the diagnosis (2) the types of interventions used to increase autonomy in the kitchen (3) the facilitators and obstacles to the implementation of COOK with this clientele. Methods Four focus groups were conducted with occupational therapists (n = 24) and were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis, including coding and matrix building. Results Occupational therapists identified different (1) functional profiles and (2) interventions for both diagnoses. The use of COOK (3) could be more beneficial in mild cognitive impairment, as many barriers occur for the use in Alzheimer's disease. Some parameters, such as digital control of the stove and complex information management, need to be simplified. Discussion According to occupational therapists, this technology is particularly applicable to people with mild cognitive impairment, because this population has better learning abilities. Conclusion This study documented the specific needs of older adults with cognitive impairments as well as interventions used by occupational therapists. The perspectives of caregivers should be captured in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Yaddaden
- École de réadaptation,Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mélanie Couture
- Centre de Recherche et d'Expertise en Gérontologie Sociale, Côte St-Luc, Canada
| | - Mireille Gagnon-Roy
- École de réadaptation,Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Réadaptation du Montréal Métropolitain (CRIR), Montreal, Canada
| | - Patricia Belchior
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, School of Physical & Occupational Therapy, Montreal, Canada
| | - Maxime Lussier
- École de réadaptation,Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Carolina Bottari
- École de réadaptation,Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Réadaptation du Montréal Métropolitain (CRIR), Montreal, Canada
| | - Sylvain Giroux
- Laboratoire DOMUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Laboratoire DOMUS, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Hélène Pigot
- Laboratoire DOMUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Laboratoire DOMUS, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Nathalie Bier
- École de réadaptation,Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.,Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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Barrios-Fernández S, Gozalo M, García-Gómez A, Romero-Ayuso D, Hernández-Mocholí MÁ. A New Assessment for Activities of Daily Living in Spanish Schoolchildren: A Preliminary Study of its Psychometric Properties. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E2673. [PMID: 32295071 PMCID: PMC7215663 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17082673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activities of daily living (ADL), which are divided into basic (BADL) and instrumental (IADL), allows us to survive and to live in the society. Cognitive skills are a key aspect in BADL outcomes. After reviewing existing BADL tools for Spanish schoolchildren, issues such as not covering the full age range or not having a BADL-centred vision were found. We aim to develop a new tool for BADL assessment in Spanish schoolchildren. METHODS The new tool was administered to 375 participants (47.2% boys and 52.8% girls) from 6 to 12 years of age. Analyses were carried out to find out the structure (semiconfirmatory factor analysis) and internal consistency (ordinal alpha) of BADL. RESULTS Four scales formed the instrument (Eating, Personal Hygiene, Getting Dressed, and General Functioning) with an interpretable solution of 12 factors (Manual Dexterity, Proprioception, Oral Sensitivity, Good Manners, Hygiene and Grooming, Toileting Needs Communication, Bladder and Bowel Control, Showering, Independent Dressing Tasks, Full Dressing, Executive Functions, and Self-Regulation) with 84 items + 6 qualitative items for girls. The reliability values obtained were acceptable (.70-.88). CONCLUSIONS The tool seems to be a practical and reliable instrument to assess BADL and cognitive skills during BADL in Spanish schoolchildren.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margarita Gozalo
- Department of Psychology and Anthropology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Andrés García-Gómez
- Department of Education Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Dulce Romero-Ayuso
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;
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Laposha I, Smallfield S. Examining the Occupational Therapy Definition of Self-Care: A Scoping Review. Occup Ther Health Care 2020; 34:99-115. [PMID: 31852316 DOI: 10.1080/07380577.2019.1703238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Self-care practices such as exercise and meditation are commonly identified as strategies to address stress and chronic disease. However, in occupational therapy, the term self-care has traditionally referred to basic activities of daily living (ADL), potentially limiting the profession's ability to promote wellness among clients. This scoping review aimed to clarify how the term self-care has been used in select occupational therapy literature. We found that of 1,254 included articles, 54.9% use the term self-care ambiguously and that authors primarily apply the term to basic ADL. This understanding contrasts with the evidence from the wellness literature and the concept's use by the general population and other health professions. Findings serve as a call to redefine the term self-care to articulate clearly the profession's value in promoting population health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Laposha
- Program in Occupational Therapy, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stacy Smallfield
- Program in Occupational Therapy, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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46
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Loh SY, Sapihis M, Danaee M, Chua YP. The role of occupational-participation, meaningful-activity and quality-of-life of colorectal cancer survivors: findings from path-modelling. Disabil Rehabil 2020; 43:2729-2738. [DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2020.1715492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siew Yim Loh
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Musaropah Sapihis
- Allied Health Sciences College, Sungai Buluh, Ministry of Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmoud Danaee
- Department of Social Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yan Piaw Chua
- Institute of Educational Leadership, Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Slabe D, Oven A. Evaluation of Slovenian Occupational Therapists' Theoretical Knowledge and Stress Levels Connected With Providing Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2020; 57:46958020963683. [PMID: 33124486 PMCID: PMC7607753 DOI: 10.1177/0046958020963683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This was the first study that evaluated cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) knowledge in a sample of occupational therapists and investigated whether the knowledge of CPR parameters affected their perceived stress levels related to providing CPR. A questionnaire, consisting of 4 clusters of questions, was pretested and used in an online survey of Slovenian occupational therapists. The survey was sent to all electronic addresses obtained from the Association of Occupational Therapists of Slovenia and the Faculty of Health Sciences at the University of Ljubljana. It was completed by 201 occupational therapists, which represented about 40% of all Slovenian occupational therapists. Data were analyzed using independent-samples t-test, 1-way ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. On average, the participants scored 5.44 points (SD = 2.96) on the CPR knowledge test that had a maximum of 9 points. A weak negative correlation existed between the perceived level of stress and scores on the knowledge test (r = -0.151; P = .05). Scores on the knowledge test were also negatively correlated with age (r = -0.409; P < .001) and work experience (r = -0.388; P < .001) and positively correlated with self-evaluation of knowledge of CPR (r = 0.366; P < .001). The majority of the participants (92.3%) felt that they needed to update their CPR knowledge. There was no statistically significant difference in the CPR knowledge between occupational therapists working in different clinical areas (P = .85). Our sample of occupational therapists was not optimally prepared to apply CPR. Older and more experienced therapists demonstrated less theoretical knowledge and were particularly vulnerable to stress. To improve knowledge and confidence, regular CPR training is recommended for this group of health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damjan Slabe
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka Oven
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
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48
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Goorman AM, Dawson S, Schneck C, Pierce D. Association of Sleep and Hand Function in People With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Am J Occup Ther 2020; 73:7306205050p1-7306205050p7. [PMID: 31891344 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2019.034157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined whether sleep quality is associated with hand function above and beyond what can be explained by the effect of pain and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) severity on hand function in clients with CTS. The sample included 53 adults ages 30-86 yr. The Manual Ability Measure-20, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, visual analog scale for pain, and electromyography for CTS diagnosis and severity level were used to measure outcomes. Sleep quality was significantly associated with manual ability after controlling for CTS severity and pain. In CTS care, attention to sleep is significant because it may promote hand function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Messer Goorman
- Angela Messer Goorman, MHA, OTD, OTR/L, was Student, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, at the time of the study;
| | - Spencer Dawson
- Spencer Dawson, PhD, is Postdoctoral Fellow, Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Colleen Schneck
- Colleen Schneck, ScD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Associate Dean, College of Health Sciences, and Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, College of Health Sciences, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond
| | - Doris Pierce
- Doris Pierce, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Endowed Chair in Occupational Therapy, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond
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49
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Silva EBD, Delboni MCC, Fedosse E. Assessment of individuals with aphasia: an integrative literature review. REVISTA CEFAC 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0216/202022113218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze which evaluations are used by occupational therapists, speech-language pathologists and physiotherapists on individuals presented with aphasia and what these evaluations address. Methods: the study conducted a national and international documental analysis of evaluations used by professionals working on the neurological rehabilitation of adults and/or elderly individuals with aphasia, published in the last ten years (January 2008/June 2018). This analysis was performed by an integrative review of databases LILACS, SciELO and PubMed, using the descriptors: Health Assessment or Testing, or Protocols, or Psychometrics, or Questionnaires and Rehabilitation, combined with the descriptors: Aphasia, Occupational Therapy, Speech-language Pathology and Physiotherapy. Results: 26 studies were included, most of which were scored as level VI of scientific evidence; the years of 2013 and 2016 presented publication peaks. The studies used 54 evaluation tools, among which 13 were recurrent in the studies, mostly analyzing aspects of communication/language. It is assumed that these data are related to the fact that speech-language pathologists provide care for individuals with aphasia; however, these individuals may present other needs beyond communication, such as those related to human occupation, requiring multiprofessional and integral health care. Among the protocols, the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) was considered the most complete, since it addresses communication, linguistic, human occupation and psycho-affective aspects. Conclusion: this study identified the use of few instruments dedicated to individuals with aphasia related to all aspects that involve life, with predominance of protocols and evaluations that only address disabilities, highlighting the importance of assessments that address subjectivity, evaluating individuals with aphasia in all dimensions of their lives.
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Pfeiffer B, Falo K, Gallagher L, Kaufmann C, Li J, Yabor F. Community mobility plans for individuals with developmental disabilities: A feasibility study. Br J Occup Ther 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0308022619883486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Individuals with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities have unmet transportation needs, which limits their community mobility. Access to transportation is linked to community participation and independence in adult outcomes. The purpose of this study is to examine the implementation feasibility of individualized community mobility plans. Methods A pre-test post-test one group design was used to determine if methodology and implementation procedures were feasible. Outcome measures were evaluated to determine if appropriate for future effectiveness research. Participants were six adults with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities who received the community mobility plans intervention over a period of 3–8 sessions. Community mobility plans use a cyclical process where the individual first develops self-determined community mobility goals, followed by a comprehensive assessment process, and individualized environmental and person-centered travel interventions. Results Participants demonstrated significant improvement between pre- and post-test scores on the measures of the Progressive Evaluation of Travel Skills ( t(5) = –4.481, p = .007) and Goal Attainment Scaling ( t(5) = –7.457, p =.001). Conclusion Community mobility plans may provide a feasible option to improve community mobility for individuals with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities, although further research is needed to determine effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Pfeiffer
- College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Temple University, PA, USA
| | - Katelyn Falo
- College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Temple University, PA, USA
| | - Laura Gallagher
- College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Temple University, PA, USA
| | - Christine Kaufmann
- College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Temple University, PA, USA
| | - Jennie Li
- College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Temple University, PA, USA
| | - Felicia Yabor
- College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Temple University, PA, USA
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