Vikrant S, Jaryal A, Parashar A. Clinicopathological spectrum of snake bite-induced acute kidney injury from India. World J Nephrol 2017; 6(3): 150-161 [PMID: 28540205 DOI: 10.5527/wjn.v6.i3.150]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Sanjay Vikrant, MD, DM, FISN, Professor, Head, Department of Nephrology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Himachal Pradesh, Circular Road, Shimla 171001, India. sanjayvikrant@rediffmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Urology & Nephrology
Article-Type of This Article
Retrospective Study
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Nephrol. May 6, 2017; 6(3): 150-161 Published online May 6, 2017. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v6.i3.150
Clinicopathological spectrum of snake bite-induced acute kidney injury from India
Sanjay Vikrant, Ajay Jaryal, Anupam Parashar
Sanjay Vikrant, Ajay Jaryal, Department of Nephrology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Himachal Pradesh, Shimla 171001, India
Anupam Parashar, Department of Community Medicine, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Himachal Pradesh, Shimla 171001, India
Author contributions: All the authors contributed to the manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Indira Gandhi Medical College Hospital, Shimla.
Informed consent statement: All patients included in the study gave written informed consent for investigation and treatment. No direct consent was taken from the patients to the study as this is a retrospective study and the analysis used anonymous clinical data. Consent, instead, was obtained from the Hospital Authorities and Institutional Review Board of Indira Gandhi Medical College Hospital, Shimla to use the information contained in the patient record solely for the educational purpose of this research only.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no financial relationships to disclose.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Sanjay Vikrant, MD, DM, FISN, Professor, Head, Department of Nephrology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Himachal Pradesh, Circular Road, Shimla 171001, India. sanjayvikrant@rediffmail.com
Telephone: +91-177-2883407 Fax: +91-177-2658339
Received: September 19, 2016 Peer-review started: September 23, 2016 First decision: November 2, 2016 Revised: February 28, 2017 Accepted: March 14, 2017 Article in press: March 17, 2017 Published online: May 6, 2017 Processing time: 226 Days and 19.4 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: Acute kidney injury (AKI) due to snake bite is an important cause of community acquired tropical AKI. Clinicopathological spectrum of snake-induced AKI has changed. Intravascular hemolysis and rhabdomyolysis is common and is the main cause of AKI due to snake bite. AKI is severe and high proportion of patients requires renal replacement therapy. Complications of pneumonia/acute respiratory distress syndrome, seizure/encephalopathy, multi organ failure, the need for intensive care support and a shorter hospital stay are factors associated with mortality. On renal histology acute tubular necrosis and acute interstitial nephritis is common, renal cortical necrosis is rare. Early administration of anti-snake-venom and alkaline diuresis may help in prevention of AKI.
