Sharaf El Din UAA, Salem MM, Abdulazim DO. Vascular calcification: When should we interfere in chronic kidney disease patients and how? World J Nephrol 2016; 5(5): 398-417 [PMID: 27648404 DOI: 10.5527/wjn.v5.i5.398]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Usama Abdel Azim Sharaf El Din, MD, Professor, Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Cairo University, 58th Abbas El Akkad St., Nasr City, Cairo 11759, Egypt. usamaaas@gmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Urology & Nephrology
Article-Type of This Article
Review
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Nephrol. Sep 6, 2016; 5(5): 398-417 Published online Sep 6, 2016. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v5.i5.398
Vascular calcification: When should we interfere in chronic kidney disease patients and how?
Usama Abdel Azim Sharaf El Din, Mona Mansour Salem, Dina Ossama Abdulazim
Usama Abdel Azim Sharaf El Din, Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11759, Egypt
Mona Mansour Salem, Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11759, Egypt
Dina Ossama Abdulazim, Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11759, Egypt
Author contributions: El Din UAAS and Salem MM performed the majority of writing the manuscript; Abdulazim DO collected the references and highlighted the points of relevance in each article and revised the manuscript after being prepared.
Conflict-of-interest statement: Authors declare no conflict of interests for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Usama Abdel Azim Sharaf El Din, MD, Professor, Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Cairo University, 58th Abbas El Akkad St., Nasr City, Cairo 11759, Egypt. usamaaas@gmail.com
Telephone: +20-11-11333800 Fax: +20-22-22753890
Received: March 17, 2016 Peer-review started: March 19, 2016 First decision: April 19, 2016 Revised: April 20, 2016 Accepted: June 27, 2016 Article in press: June 29, 2016 Published online: September 6, 2016 Processing time: 168 Days and 12.4 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: The last 2 decades witnessed the failure of all intervention studies targeting different risk factors of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients on regular hemodialysis. The main aim of all these studies was to decrease cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among such patients. These disappointing results criticized the value of such interventions in clinical practice. On the other hand, when similar trials were run on patients at an earlier stage of CKD, most of these trials showed a significant impact on patient survival and/or cardiovascular morbidity. Such discrepancy indicates the value of timing of interference. We are trying in this review to develop the ideal strategy that would optimize the management of CKD patients to avoid the devastating vascular calcification, highlighting the value of different medicines used in this plan. Meanwhile we are showing the update in guidelines concerned with this issue.
