Minireviews
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2015. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Nephrol. Jul 6, 2015; 4(3): 388-395
Published online Jul 6, 2015. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v4.i3.388
Epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and management of chronic kidney disease in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients
Minoru Ando, Naoki Yanagisawa
Minoru Ando, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Tokyo 113-8677, Japan
Naoki Yanagisawa, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Tokyo 113-8677, Japan
Author contributions: Ando M and Yanagisawa N contributed equally to this work, and generated the figures and tables; Ando M chiefly wrote the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statment: None declared.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Minoru Ando, MD, PhD, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, 3-18-22, Honkomagome, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8677, Japan. hdcn@cick.jp
Telephone: +81-3-38232101 Fax: +81-3-38241552
Received: June 24, 2014
Peer-review started: June 25, 2014
First decision: September 16, 2014
Revised: October 10, 2014
Accepted: April 8, 2015
Article in press: April 9, 2015
Published online: July 6, 2015
Processing time: 377 Days and 2.5 Hours
Core Tip

Core tip: Kidneys are affected by the human immunode-

ficiency virus (HIV) and its associated therapies. As HIV subjects now have longevity while they receive combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART), kidney disease has been prominent among the current HIV subjects on cART. HIV subjects often have several coexisting risk factors of kidney disease, including diabetes and hypertension. Measurements of albuminuria, proteinuria, urinary low-molecular weight proteins, and serum cystatin C are necessary for early detection of kidney disease. Collaborative discussions between HIV experts and nephrologists are warranted to achieve the good treatment of chronic kidney disease in HIV patients.