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©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Nephrol. Nov 6, 2014; 3(4): 277-281
Published online Nov 6, 2014. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v3.i4.277
Published online Nov 6, 2014. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v3.i4.277
Nutcracker syndrome
Kaan Gulleroglu, Esra Baskin, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Baskent University, 06540 Ankara, Turkey
Basak Gulleroglu, Department of Radiology, Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, 01123 Adana, Turkey
Author contributions: Gulleroglu K, Gulleroglu B and Baskin E contributed equally to this work; Gulleroglu K, Gulleroglu B and Baskin E analyzed the data; Gulleroglu K, Gulleroglu B and Baskin E wrote the paper.
Correspondence to: Kaan Gulleroglu, MD, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Baskent University, 54. Cadde, No: 72/3, Bahcelievler, 06540 Ankara, Turkey. kaangulleroglu@yahoo.com
Telephone: +90-312-2234936 Fax: +90-312-2157597
Received: June 6, 2014
Revised: July 16, 2014
Accepted: September 17, 2014
Published online: November 6, 2014
Processing time: 153 Days and 18.3 Hours
Revised: July 16, 2014
Accepted: September 17, 2014
Published online: November 6, 2014
Processing time: 153 Days and 18.3 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: The nutcracker phenomenon [left renal vein (LRV) entrapment syndrome] refers to compression of the LRV most commonly between abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric artery. Term of nutcracker syndrome (NCS) is used for patients with clinical symptoms associated with nutcracker anatomy. The symptoms vary from asymptomatic hematuria to severe pelvic congestion. The management of NCS depends upon the clinical presentation and the severity of the LRV hypertension.