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World J Nephrol. Jul 25, 2021; 10(4): 37-46
Published online Jul 25, 2021. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v10.i4.37
Lower urinary tract dysfunction in pediatrics progress to kidney disease in adolescents: Toward precision medicine in treatment
Mohamed Wishahi
Mohamed Wishahi, Department of Urology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo 12411, Egypt
Author contributions: Wishahi M designed the research study, performed the research, analyzed the data, wrote the manuscript and read and approved the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: There is no conflict of interest associated with the author of this manuscript.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Mohamed Wishahi, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Urology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Embaba-Giza, Cairo 12411, Egypt. moh.weshahy@gmail.com
Received: April 25, 2021
Peer-review started: April 25, 2021
First decision: June 6, 2021
Revised: June 16, 2021
Accepted: July 22, 2021
Article in press: July 22, 2021
Published online: July 25, 2021
Processing time: 102 Days and 22.1 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: Neurogenic bladder dysfunction in children can lead to renal dysfunction and chronic kidney failure. This review reports treatment options including the latest modalities. The new anti-muscarinic drugs have minimal adverse effect, high tolerability, availability of solution form and dose adjustment. Children who develop adverse events from anti-muscarinics or non-compliant to clean intermittent catheterization would be candidate for detrusor muscle injection with onabotulinum toxin A, which proved to be safe with no adverse effects. Kidney transplantation would be the last resort for treatment after progressive deterioration of kidney function.