Published online Mar 6, 2016. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v5.i2.172
Peer-review started: August 26, 2015
First decision: November 27, 2015
Revised: December 25, 2015
Accepted: January 21, 2016
Article in press: January 22, 2016
Published online: March 6, 2016
Processing time: 190 Days and 7.7 Hours
The management options for ureteral obstruction are diverse, including retrograde ureteral stent insertion or antegrade nephrostomy placement, with or without eventual antegrade stent insertion. There is currently no consensus on the ideal treatment or treatment pathway for ureteral obstruction owing, in part, to the varied etiologies of obstruction and diversity of institutional practices. Additionally, different clinicians such as internists, urologists, oncologists and radiologists are often involved in the care of patients with ureteral obstruction and may have differing opinions concerning the best management strategy. The purpose of this manuscript was to review available literature that compares percutaneous nephrostomy placement vs ureteral stenting in the management of ureteral obstruction from both benign and malignant etiologies.
Core tip: Ureteral obstruction as a consequence of malignant or benign etiologies is a common urologic entity that is often challenging for clinicians to determine the optimal method of urinary decompression. There is no consensus on the use of stents vs percutaneous nephrostomy in the management of ureteral obstruction as well as a lack of clear superiority of stenting over percutaneous approach in terms of complications and quality of life considerations. Therefore, treatment decisions must be individualized using a multidisciplinary approach involving the patients, their family and members of the treatment team.