Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Nephrol. Dec 25, 2024; 13(4): 100087
Published online Dec 25, 2024. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v13.i4.100087
Patterns of kidney diseases diagnosed by kidney biopsy and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A single-center study
Metalia Puspitasari, Yulia Wardhani, Prenali Dwisthi Sattwika, Wynne Wijaya
Metalia Puspitasari, Yulia Wardhani, Prenali Dwisthi Sattwika, Wynne Wijaya, Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Prenali Dwisthi Sattwika, Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Prenali Dwisthi Sattwika, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DU, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
Wynne Wijaya, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX37DQ, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
Co-corresponding authors: Metalia Puspitasari and Wynne Wijaya.
Author contributions: Puspitasari M was responsible for conceptualization, methodology, investigation, supervision, writing, review, editing, and project administration; Wardhani Y was responsible for data curation, resources, supervision, and project administration; Sattwika PD was responsible for conceptualization, methodology, visualization, formal analysis, writing, review, and editing; Wijaya W was responsible for conceptualization, data curation, investigation, methodology, formal analysis, writing, original draft, writing, review, and editing; all of the authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript to be published.
Institutional review board statement: This study was conducted according to the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki and has been approved by the ethical committee of the institution, No. KE/FK/1902/EC/2003.
Informed consent statement: Not applicable since secondary data was used in this study.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Data sharing statement: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, Puspitasari M, upon reasonable request.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Metalia Puspitasari, Doctor, MD, MSc, Consultant Physician-Scientist, Doctor, Researcher, Senior Lecturer, Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jln. Farmako, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia. metaliapuspitasari@ugm.ac.id
Received: August 6, 2024
Revised: September 25, 2024
Accepted: October 20, 2024
Published online: December 25, 2024
Processing time: 92 Days and 14.1 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Glomerular diseases rank third among the causes of chronic kidney disease worldwide and in Indonesia, and its burden continues to increase, especially regarding the sociodemographic index. Kidney biopsy remains the gold standard for the diagnosis and classification of glomerular diseases. It is crucial for developing treatment plans, determining the degree of histologic changes, and identifying disease relapse.

AIM

To describe the patterns of biopsy-proven kidney diseases in adult patients.

METHODS

We retrospectively reviewed the demographic, histopathologic, clinical, and laboratory data of 75 adult patients with biopsy-proven kidney diseases at our institution recorded from 2017 to 2022.

RESULTS

Among the patients, 43 (57.3%) were females, and the mean age was 31.52 years ± 11.70 years. The most common histopathologies were lupus nephritis (LN) (33.3%), minimal change disease (MCD) (26.7%), and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (10.7%). LN (41.7%) was frequently diagnosed in women and MCD (28.1%) in men. The most common cause of nephritic syndrome was LN (36.7%) and of nephrotic syndrome was MCD (40%).

CONCLUSION

Different kidney disease patterns were observed in different sexes, age categories, clinical syndromes, and biopsy dates relative to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Keywords: Kidney biopsy; Kidney diseases; Glomerular diseases; Epidemiology; Renal biopsy

Core Tip: This study retrospectively reviewed the demographic, histopathologic, clinical, and laboratory data of adult patients with biopsy-proven kidney diseases from 2017 to 2022. Different kidney disease patterns were observed in different sex, age categories, clinical syndromes, and biopsy dates relative to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.