Rising incidence of acute hepatitis A among adults and clinical characteristics in a tertiary care center of Pakistan

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of all patients with acute hepatitis A and hepatitis E

Baseline characteristics	mean ± SD
Age in years	29 ± 8
Male	221 (55.8)
Female	175 (44.2)
Hemoglobin in g/dL	12.5 ± 2
White cell count as × 109/L	8 ± 5
Platelet as × 109/L	237 ± 127
Total bilirubin in mg/dL	9.2 ± 9
Direct bilirubin in mg/dL	7 ± 7
Gamma-glutamyl transferase in IU/L	171 ± 142
Alanine aminotransferase in IU/L	2626 ± 1925
Alkaline phosphatase	198 ± 92
Aspartate aminotransferase in IU/L	2229 ± 2036
International normalized ratio	1.6 ± 0.8
Coagulopathy	169 (42.7)
Acute liver failure	32 (8.1)
Pregnancy	39 (9.8)
Chronic liver disease	15 (3.8)
Mortality	13 (3.3)

Data are n (%). SD: Standard deviation.

Table 2 Comparison of patients with hepatitis A virus and hepatitis E virus

Baseline characteristics	Hepatitis A virus	Hepatitis E virus	Effect size	P value
Age in years	28 ± 8	30 ± 8	0.23	0.017
Sex
Male	124 (53)	93 (59.2)	0.09	0.223
Female	110 (47)	64 (40.8)
Hemoglobin in g/dL	12.8 ± 1	12.1 ± 2	0.32	0.002
White cell count as × 109/L	6 ± 3	11 ± 7	0.87	< 0.001
Platelet as × 109/L	236 ± 140	239 ± 106	0.03	0.80
Total bilirubin in mg/dL	6 ± 7	13 ± 11	0.76	< 0.001
Direct bilirubin in mg/dL	5 ± 5	10 ± 9	0.72	< 0.001
Gamma-glutamylcysteine in IU/L	215 ± 138	110 ± 126	0.79	< 0.001
Alanine aminotransferase in IU/L	3274 ± 1937	1760 ± 1517	0.87	< 0.001
Alkaline phosphatase	181 ± 83	224 ± 100	0.46	< 0.001
Aspartate aminotransferase in IU/L	2820 ± 2255	1445 ± 1338	0.74	< 0.001
International normalized ratio	1.5 ± 0.7	1.8 ± 1	0.36	< 0.001
Coagulopathy	80 (34.2)	87 (55.4)	0.21	< 0.001
Acute liver failure	8 (3.4)	24 (15.3)	0.22	< 0.001
Pregnancy	3 (1.3)	36 (23)	0.36	< 0.001
Chronic liver disease	1 (0.4)	13 (8.3)	0.26	< 0.001
Mortality	2 (0.9)	11 (7)	0.17	< 0.001
Hospital stay	2.8 ± 3	4 ± 3.6	0.26	0.002

Data are n (%).