Prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections among various donor groups: A comparative analysis

Table 1 Prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections in donor groups, n (%)

		Total donors	In-house donors	Total camp donors	Institutional camp donors	Community camp donors
	Donors	42158 (100)	37656 (100)	4502 (100)	2063 (100)	2439 (100)
Hepatitis B virus	Reactive	442 (1.048)	416 (1.105)	26 (0.578)	11 (0.533)	15 (0.615)
	Non reactive	41716 (98.95)	37240 (98.9)	4476 (99.42)	2052 (99.47)	2424 (99.38)
Hepatitis C virus	Reactive	179 (0.425)	168 (0.446)	11 (0.244)	4 (0.194)	7 (0.287)
	Non reactive	41979 (99.58)	37488 (99.55)	4491 (99.76)	2059 (99.81)	2432 (99.71)
Human immunodeficiency virus	Reactive	93 (0.221)	85 (0.226)	8 (0.178)	2 (0.097)	6 (0.246)
	Non reactive	42065 (99.78)	37571 (99.77)	4494 (99.82)	2061 (99.9)	2433 (99.75)
Syphilis	Reactive	159 (0.377)	147 (0.39)	12 (0.267)	2 (0.097)	10 (0.41)
	Non reactive	41999 (99.62)	37509 (99.61)	4490 (99.73)	2061 (99.9)	2429 (99.59)
Transfusion transmissible infection	Reactive	873 (2.071)	816 (2.167)	57 (1.266)	19 (0.921)	38 (1.558)
	Non reactive	41285 (97.93)	36840 (97.83)	4445 (98.73)	2044 (99.08)	2401 (98.44)

Table 2 Statistical differences (χ² and P value) in prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections in donor groups

	Hepatitis B virus		Hepatitis C virus		Human immunodeficiency virus		Syphilis		Transfusion transmissible infections
	χ²	P value	χ²	P value	χ²	P value	χ²	P value	χ²	P value
Total donors and in-house donors	0.5929	0.4413	0.2134	0.6441	0.0235	0.8781	0.0911	0.7628	0.8887	0.3458
Total donors and total camp donors	9.0846	0.0026	3.259	0.071	0.3466	0.556	1.3628	0.2431	13.483	0.0002
Total donors and institutional camp donors	5.1494	0.0233	2.54	0.111	1.4028	0.2363	4.2569	0.0391	13.155	0.0003
Total donors and community camp donors	4.2706	0.0388	1.0509	0.3053	0.0672	0.7955	0.0659	0.7974	3.0295	0.0818
In-house donors and total camp donors	10.774	0.001	3.8736	0.0491	0.4214	0.5162	1.641	0.2002	16.093	0.0001
In-house donors and institutional camp donors	6.0074	0.0142	2.8864	0.0893	1.4841	0.2231	4.506	0.0338	14.754	0.0001
In-house donors and community camp donors	5.1663	0.023	1.335	0.2479	0.0416	0.8384	0.0226	0.8804	4.075	0.0435
Total camp donors and institutional camp donors	0.0496	0.8238	0.1579	0.6911	0.6066	0.4361	1.9123	0.1667	1.4726	0.2249
Total camp donors and community camp donors	0.0379	0.8457	0.1113	0.7386	0.3667	0.5448	1.0304	0.3101	0.9986	0.3177
Institutional camp donors and community camp donor	0.1303	0.7182	0.3975	0.5284	1.3999	0.2367	4.1204	0.0424	3.6281	0.0568

Table 3 Prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections in Indian states and other countries in the world

No.	States of India	Transfusion transmissible infections	Hepatitis B virus	Hepatitis C virus	Human immunodeficiency virus	Syphilis	Malaria parasite
1	Present study (Delhi, India)	2.071	1.048	0.425	0.221	0.377	0.002
2	India, 2016, ABBI[13]	1.58	0.87	0.34	0.14	0.17	0.06
	Northern zone
3	Delhi, 2023, Thakur et al[12]	2.04	1.11	0.43	0.20	0.29	0.01
4	Delhi, 2016, ABBI[13]	2.03	1.06	0.54	0.2	0.22	0.01
5	Jammu and Kashmir, 2016, ABBI[13]	0.86	0.32	0.26	0.04	0.23	0.01
6	Himachal Pradesh, 2016, ABBI[13]	0.69	0.38	0.1	0.03	0.17	0.01
7	Punjab, 2016, ABBI[13]	2.64	0.65	1.35	0.14	0.49	0.01
8	Chandigarh, 2016, ABBI[13]	1.21	0.52	0.56	0.06	0.07	0.00
9	Haryana, 2016, ABBI[13]	1.97	0.87	0.8	0.12	0.16	0.02
10	Rajasthan, 2016, ABBI[13]	1.75	1.21	0.12	0.09	0.31	0.02
	Central zone
11	Uttarakhand, 2016, ABBI[13]	1.79	0.76	0.67	0.1	0.13	0.13
12	Uttar Pradesh, 2016, ABBI[13]	1.7	0.9	0.49	0.1	0.17	0.04
13	Madhya Pradesh, 2016, ABBI[13]	2.24	1.14	0.1	0.08	0.36	0.56
14	Bhopal, 2023, Shrivastava et al[10]	2.7	1.8	0.42	0.2	0.31	0.02
15	Chhattisgarh, 2016, ABBI[13]	1.32	0.68	0.17	0.13	0.3	0.04
16	Central India, 2019, Varma et al[14]	1.43	1.29	0.07	0.08	-	-
	Eastern zone
17	Sikkim, 2016, ABBI[13]	1.1	0.59	0.26	0.06	0.19	0.00
18	West Bengal, 2016, ABBI[13]	2.05	0.9	0.52	0.26	0.35	0.02
19	Bihar, 2016, ABBI[13]	1.84	1.42	0.14	0.16	0.05	0.07
20	Odisha, 2016, ABBI[13]	1.29	0.8	0.17	0.11	0.13	0.08
21	Odisha, 2020, Prakash et al[15]	1.89	0.97	0.41	0.35	-	-
22	Jharkhand, 2016, ABBI[13]	0.98	0.61	0.1	0.08	0.11	0.08
23	Ranchi, India, 2015, Sunderam et al[16]		1.01	0.14	0.08	0.03	0.33
	Western zone
24	Maharashtra, 2016, ABBI[13]	1.66	1.02	0.31	0.21	0.06	0.06
25	Gujarat, 2016, ABBI[13]	1.03	0.59	0.13	0.1	0.2	0.01
26	Ahmadabad, 2022, Patel et al[17]	0.58	0.31	0.04	0.05	0.19	-
27	Gujarat, 2016, Bharadva et al[18]		0.57	0.05	0.10	0.05	-
28	Dadra and Nagar Haveli, 2016, ABBI[13]	2.18	1.79	0.03	0.08	0.28	0.00
29	Daman and Diu, 2016, ABBI[13]	0.59	-	0.35	0.12	0.06	0.06
	Southern zone
30	Telangana, 2016, ABBI[13]	1.31	0.67	0.24	0.14	0.04	0.22
31	Telangana, 2016, Fatima et al[19]	0.96	0.69	0.01	0.20	0.03
32	Andhra Pradesh, 2016, ABBI[13]	1.91	1.39	0.23	0.18	0.07	0.04
33	Karnataka, 2016, ABBI[13]	1.36	0.94	0.22	0.13	0.07	0.00
34	Tamil Nadu, 2016, ABBI[13]	0.92	0.68	0.11	0.05	0.07	0.01
35	Kerala, 2016, ABBI[13]	0.56	0.28	0.17	0.05	0.04	0.02
36	Puducherry, 2016, ABBI[13]	3.13	2.12	0.55	0.37	0.09	0.00
37	Andaman and Nicobar, 2016, ABBI[13]	2	0.85	0.27	0.00	0.12	0.76
38	Goa, 2016, ABBI[13]	0.69	0.44	0.13	0.1	0.01	0.01
	North East zone
39	Arunachal Pradesh, 2016, ABBI[13]	2.19	0.74	0.08	0.04	0.97	0.36
40	Meghalaya, 2016, ABBI[13]	2.18	0.78	0.47	0.16	0.73	0.04
41	Mizoram, 2016, ABBI[13]	2.48	0.94	1.24	0.3	0.00	0.00
42	Manipur, 2016, ABBI[13]	1.62	0.59	0.83	0.15	0.04	0.01
43	Tripura[13]	1.5	1.25	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.01
44	Assam[13]	1.23	0.54	0.24	0.12	0.3	0.03
45	Nagaland[13]	1.01	0.34	0.27	0.26	0.14	0.00
	Country (worldwide)
46	Tehran, Iran, 2014, Mohammadali and Pourfathollah et al[20]		0.39	0.11	0.01	0.010	-
47	Peshawar, Pakistan, 2017, Batool et al[21]	5.33	2.30	1.30	0.07	0.90	0.76
48	Islamabad, Pakistan, 2022, Bhatti et al[22]	4.41	0.01	1.5	0.1	0.8	0.004
49	WR Saudi Arabia, 2022, Altayar et al[23]	7.93	3.97	-	0.02	-	2.21
50	NW, Ethiopia, 2022, Legese et al[24]	5.43	2.8	0.3	0.8	1.5	-
51	Eastern Ethiopia, 2018, Ataro et al[25]	7.06	4.67	0.96	1.24	0.44	-
52	Brazil, 2019, Pessoni et al[26]	4.04	1.63	0.46	0.21	0.87	-
53	Malawi, Kenya and Ghana, 2023, Singogo et al[27]	10.7	3.4	2.4	2.4	3.3	-

ABBI: Assessment of Blood Banks in India.