Highly active antiretroviral therapy dysregulates proliferation and differentiation of human pre-adipocytes

Figure 1 Pre-adipocyte proliferation in the presence of individual drugs or drug combinations for 48 h (A) and 72 h (B) (MTT test). The results are expressed as percent values of control cultures. Mean ± SEM, n = 7. Significantly different from control, ^aP ≤ 0.05. EFV: Efavirenz; FTC: Emtricitabine; TDF: Tenofovir; ATV: Atazanavir.

Figure 2 Effect of individual drugs or drug combinations on differentiation of human preadipocytes. Differentiation was assessed after 12 d by measuring the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity (A), and Oil Red O staining (B). All results are expressed as percent values of control cultures. Mean ± SEM, n = 9. Significantly different from control, ^aP ≤ 0.05. EFV: Efavirenz; FTC: Emtricitabine; TDF: Tenofovir; ATV: Atazanavir.