Copyright
©The Author(s) 2016. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Hepatitis C virus/human T lymphotropic virus 1/2 co-infection: Regional burden and virological outcomes in people who inject drugs
Erika Castro, Elena Roger, Addiction Medicine Centre, Service of Community Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, CH-1003 Lausanne, Switzerland
Author contributions: Castro E and Roger E conceived and designed the study, and performed the literature review and analysis; Castro E wrote the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: Neither author has any conflict of interest related to the publication of this study.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Erika Castro, MD, PhD, Addiction Medicine Centre, Service of Community Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Rue St-Martin 7, CH-1003 Lausanne, Switzerland. erika.castro-bataenjer@chuv.ch
Telephone: +41-21-3148400 Fax: +41-21-3148735
Received: October 8, 2015
Peer-review started: October 8, 2015
First decision: December 4, 2015
Revised: January 9, 2016
Accepted: January 29, 2016
Article in press: January 31, 2016
Published online: May 12, 2016
Processing time: 210 Days and 23.6 Hours
Peer-review started: October 8, 2015
First decision: December 4, 2015
Revised: January 9, 2016
Accepted: January 29, 2016
Article in press: January 31, 2016
Published online: May 12, 2016
Processing time: 210 Days and 23.6 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: People who inject drugs (PWID) are at higher risk of infection with blood-borne viruses and even co-infections. Co-infections with human immunodeficiency virus and human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-1/2 are common, and well-studied, among PWID; however, the rise of HTLV-1/2 co-infections with hepatitis C virus (HCV) has gained much research attention and studies have shown that the former influences the chronic disease course of the latter. This review summarizes the data from 34 articles on HCV/HTLV-1/2 co-infection in the PWID patient population, including current treatment options and impact on virological outcome.