Sharma GK, Mahajan S, Matura R, Subramaniam S, Ranjan R, Biswal J, Rout M, Mohapatra JK, Dash BB, Sanyal A, Pattnaik B. Diagnostic assays developed for the control of foot-and-mouth disease in India. World J Virology 2015; 4(3): 295-302 [PMID: 26279990 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v4.i3.295]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Bramhadev Pattnaik, MVSc, PhD, Project Director, Project Directorate on Foot and Mouth Disease, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, IVRI Campus, Mukteswar, Uttarakhand 263138, India. pattnaikb@gmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Virology
Article-Type of This Article
Minireviews
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Gaurav Kumar Sharma, Sonalika Mahajan, Rakesh Matura, Saravanan Subramaniam, Rajeev Ranjan, Jitendra Biswal, Manoranjan Rout, Jajati Keshari Mohapatra, Bana Bihari Dash, Aniket Sanyal, Bramhadev Pattnaik, Project Directorate on Foot and Mouth Disease, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Mukteswar, Uttarakhand 263138, India
Author contributions: Sharma GK designed the scope of the minireview and wrote the paper; Mahajan S and Matura R reviewed the literature and compiled the data; Saravanan S, Ranjan R and Biswal J analyzed the FMD virus diagnosis data; Sharma GK, Mahajan S and Dash BB analyzed the herd immunity data; Rout M and Mohapatra JK analyzed the FMD sero-surveillance data; Sharma GK and Pattnaik B compiled and revised the manuscript; Sanyal A compiled the molecular diagnosis of FMD data and revised the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict-of-interest in this study.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Bramhadev Pattnaik, MVSc, PhD, Project Director, Project Directorate on Foot and Mouth Disease, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, IVRI Campus, Mukteswar, Uttarakhand 263138, India. pattnaikb@gmail.com
Telephone: +91-5942-286004 Fax: +91-5942-286307
Received: November 6, 2014 Peer-review started: November 10, 2014 First decision: January 20, 2015 Revised: February 13, 2015 Accepted: May 5, 2015 Article in press: May 6, 2015 Published online: August 12, 2015
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious and economically devastating disease of livestock, primarily affecting cattle, buffalo and pigs. FMD virus serotypes O, A and Asia1 are prevalent in India and systematic efforts are on to control and eventually eradicate the disease from the country. FMD epidemiology is complex due to factors like co-circulation, extinction, emergence and re-emergence of genotypes/lineages within the three serotypes, animal movement, diverse farm practices and large number of susceptible livestock in the country. Systematic vaccination, prompt diagnosis, strict biosecurity measures, and regular monitoring of vaccinal immunity and surveillance of virus circulation are indispensible features for the effective implementation of the control measures. Availability of suitable companion diagnostic tests is very important in this endeavour. In this review, the diagnostic assays developed and validated in India and their contribution in FMD control programme is presented.
Core tip: To inform scientific community, this short review summarizes existing foot-and-mouth disease diagnostics developed in the recent past and used in India. Immediate and future requirements in the diagnostics are highlighted.
