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©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Transplant. Jun 29, 2020; 10(6): 162-172
Published online Jun 29, 2020. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v10.i6.162
Published online Jun 29, 2020. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v10.i6.162
Interrelationship between Toll-like receptors and infection after orthotopic liver transplantation
Mahmoud El-Bendary, Ahmed Yassen, Naser Mousa, Dina Elhammady, Department of Tropical Medicine and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35111, Egypt
Mustafa Naemattalah, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35111, Egypt
Ahmed M Sultan, Mohamed Abdel-Wahab, Gastroenterology Surgical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35111, Egypt
Author contributions: El-Bendary M and Naemattalah M were involved in study conception and design; Yassen A, Sultanand MA, and Abdel-Wahab M acquired the data; El-Bendary M and Mousa N wrote the review; Elhammady D edit the review; all authors were involved in the drafting and critical revision of the manuscript; all authors approved the final version of the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: Authors declare no conflict of interests for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Mahmoud El-Bendary, MD, Professor, Department of Tropical Medicine and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Elgomhoria Street, Mansoura 35111, Egypt. mm_elbendary@mans.edu.eg
Received: February 24, 2020
Peer-review started: February 24, 2020
First decision: April 22, 2020
Revised: May 9, 2020
Accepted: May 21, 2020
Article in press: May 21, 2020
Published online: June 29, 2020
Peer-review started: February 24, 2020
First decision: April 22, 2020
Revised: May 9, 2020
Accepted: May 21, 2020
Article in press: May 21, 2020
Published online: June 29, 2020
Core Tip
Core tip: Microbial recognition by the innate immunity is accomplished by Toll-like receptors (TLRs). In spite of presence of an abundance of TLRs on the surface of the liver, gut bacteria does not elicit an inflammatory reaction in healthy individuals due to tolerance to these TLRs suggesting that the inflammatory responses seen in the liver are the result of breakdown of this tolerance. The probability of acquiring infection following hepatic transplantation is heightened due to affection of the innate immunity of the host. There is controversy about the association between genetic polymorphism of TLRs with the development of post-transplant infection.