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©The Author(s) 2016. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Transplant. Jun 24, 2016; 6(2): 336-346
Published online Jun 24, 2016. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v6.i2.336
Role of cytomegalovirus on the maturation and function of monocyte derived dendritic cells of liver transplant patients
Mohammad Hossein Karimi, Afsoon Shariat, Ramin Yaghobi, Talat Mokhtariazad, Seyed Mohammad Moazzeni
Mohammad Hossein Karimi, Ramin Yaghobi, Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7193711351, Iran
Afsoon Shariat, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun 7319866451, Iran
Afsoon Shariat, College of Basic Sciences, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
Talat Mokhtariazad, Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran
Seyed Mohammad Moazzeni, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran 14115111, Iran
Author contributions: Karimi MH, Shariat A and Yaghobi R contributed equally to this work; Karimi MH and Yaghobi R designed the research; Shariat A performed the research; Shariat A and Yaghobi R analyzed the data; Karimi MH, Shariat A and Yaghobi R wrote the paper; all the authors contribute to the paper.
Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.
Informed consent statement: The study was reviewed and approved by Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this manuscript.
Data sharing statement: No data were created so no data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Ramin Yaghobi, PhD, Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Zand Avenue, Shiraz 7193711351, Iran. rayaviro@yahoo.com
Telephone: +98-713-6473954
Received: October 27, 2015
Peer-review started: October 31, 2015
First decision: November 30, 2015
Revised: March 18, 2016
Accepted: April 21, 2016
Article in press: April 22, 2016
Published online: June 24, 2016
AIM: To study the impact of association between cytomegalovirus (CMV) pathogenesis with dendritic cell (DC) maturation and function was evaluated in CMV reactivated liver transplanted patients in comparing with non-reactivated ones, and healthy controls.
METHODS: Monocyte derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) was generated from collected ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-treated blood samples from patient groups and controls. In these groups, expression rates and mean fluorescent intensity of DC markers were evaluated using flowcytometry technique. Secretion of cytokines including: interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12 and IL-23 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods. The gene expression of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR4 and IL-23 were analyzed using in-house real-time polymerase chain reaction protocols.
RESULTS: Results have been shown significant decreases in: Expression rates of MoDC markers including CD83, CD1a and human leukocyte antigen DR (HLA-DR), the mean fluorescence intensitys for CD1a and HLA-DR, and secretion of IL-12 in CMV reactivated compared with non-reactivated liver transplanted patients. On the other hand, significant increases have been shown in the secretions of IL-6 and IL-23 and gene expression levels of TLR2, TLR4 and IL-23 from MoDCs in CMV reactivated compared with non-reactivated liver transplanted recipients.
CONCLUSION: DC functional defects in CMV reactivated recipients, such as decrease in expression of DC maturation markers, increase in secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, and TLRs can emphasize on the importance of CMV infectivity in development of liver rejection in transplanted patients.
Core tip: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) can interfere with maturation and antigen-presenting function of dendritic cell (DC). This interference with DC function could promote viral spread by paralyzing the adaptive immune system. CMV with DC infection induces inflammatory cytokines and activation of the interferon pathway in transplanted patients. DCs undergo lytic viral cycles, can induce late gene expression of CMV, release of infectious virus, and stimulating of T-cell responses resulted to allograft rejection.
