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©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Psychiatry. Nov 19, 2024; 14(11): 1641-1651
Published online Nov 19, 2024. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i11.1641
Published online Nov 19, 2024. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i11.1641
Item | Total (n = 139) | Male (n = 113) | Female (n = 26) | With ADHD (n = 52) | Without ADHD (n = 87) |
Sex | |||||
Male, n (%) | 113 (81.30) | - | - | 45 (86.50) | 68 (78.20) |
Female, n (%) | 26 (18.70) | - | - | 7 (13.50) | 19 (21.80) |
Age [M (P25, P75)] | 10 (9, 12) | 10 (9, 12) | 10 (9, 11) | 10 (9, 12) | 10 (9, 12) |
YGTSS Score [M (P25, P75)] | |||||
Total tic | 23 (16, 30) | 22 (16, 28) | 27 (17, 31) | 19 (12, 26) | 24 (18, 32) |
Motor tic | 13 (10, 15) | 13 (10, 15) | 14 (10, 17) | 12 (9, 15) | 13 (11, 16) |
Vocal tic | 7 (0, 11) | 7 (0, 11) | 8 (0, 11) | 6 (0, 9) | 8 (0, 11) |
GTS-QoL Score [M (P25, P75)] | |||||
Obsessive-compulsive | 0.40 (0.00, 0.80) | 0.40 (0.00, 0.70) | 0.40 (0.20, 0.80) | 0.20 (0.00, 0.60) | 0.40 (0.00, 0.80) |
Psychological | 0.70 (0.30, 1.50) | 0.60 (0.30, 1.30) | 1.00 (0.60, 1.60) | 0.70 (0.40, 1.20) | 0.70 (0.20, 1.50) |
Cognitive impact | 0.80 (0.30, 1.50) | 0.80 (0.30, 1.50) | 0.90 (0.50, 1.60) | 0.90 (0.80, 1.80) | 0.80 (0.30, 1.50) |
Physical and activities of daily living | 0.40 (0.10, 0.90) | 0.40 (0.10, 0.80) | 0.50 (0.10, 1.00) | 0.40 (0.10, 0.70) | 0.40 (0.10, 1.00) |
Visual analogue scale | 80 (60, 100) | 80 (60, 100) | 80 (60, 80) | 80 (60, 100) | 80 (60, 100) |
FAD Score [M (P25, P75)] | |||||
General functioning | 2.00 (1.80, 2.30) | 2.00 (1.80, 2.40) | 2.00 (1.80, 2.30) | 2.20 (1.90, 2.40) | 2.00 (1.70, 2.30) |
Problem-solving | 2.00 (1.80, 2.30) | 2.00 (1.80, 2.30) | 2.00 (1.80, 2.30) | 2.00 (1.80, 2.30) | 2.00 (1.80, 2.30) |
Communication | 2.30 (2.00, 2.60) | 2.30 (2.00, 2.60) | 2.30 (2.10, 2.70) | 2.30 (1.90, 2.60) | 2.30 (2.00, 2.60) |
Roles | 2.20 (2.00, 2.50) | 2.20 (2.00, 2.50) | 2.20 (1.90, 2.40) | 2.20 (2.00, 2.50) | 2.20 (1.90, 2.50) |
Effective responsiveness | 2.30 (2.00, 2.50) | 2.30 (2.00, 2.50) | 2.20 (1.80, 2.50) | 2.30 (2.20, 2.70) | 2.20 (1.80, 2.50) |
Effective involvement | 2.30 (2.10, 2.60) | 2.30 (2.10, 2.60) | 2.40 (2.00, 2.70) | 2.40 (2.30, 2.70) | 2.30 (2.00, 2.60) |
Behavior control | 2.30 (2.10, 2.60) | 2.30 (2.10, 2.60) | 2.30 (2.00, 2.40) | 2.30 (2.10, 2.60) | 2.30 (2.10, 2.40) |
r | YGTSS-total tic | YGTSS-motor tic | YGTSS-vocal tic | FAD-general functioning | FAD-problem-solving | FAD-communication | FAD-roles | FAD-effective responsiveness | FAD-effective involvement | FAD-behavior control | GTS-QoL-obsessive-compulsive | GTS-QoL-psychological | GTS-QoL-cognitive impact | GTS-QoL-physical and ADL | GTS-QoL-visual analogue scale |
YGTSS-total tic | 1.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
YGTSS-motor tic | 0.58b | 1.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
YGTSS-vocal tic | 0.70b | 0.25b | 1.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
FAD-general functioning | 0.25b | 0.08 | 0.16 | 1.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
FAD-problem-solving | 0.07 | -0.02 | 0.15 | 0.50b | 1.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
FAD-communication | 0.30b | 0.14 | 0.28b | 0.68b | 0.36b | 1.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
FAD-roles | 0.16 | 0.00 | 0.08 | 0.70b | 0.29b | 0.61b | 1.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
FAD-effective responsiveness | 0.27b | 0.12 | 0.18a | 0.72b | 0.38b | 0.70b | 0.64b | 1.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
FAD-effective involvement | 0.05 | 0.01 | -0.03 | 0.50b | 0.01 | 0.39b | 0.52b | 0.47b | 1.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
FAD-behavior control | 0.14 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.38b | 0.14 | 0.26b | 0.36b | 0.42b | 0.32b | 1.00 | - | - | - | - | - |
GTS-QoL-obsessive-compulsive | 0.27b | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.18a | 0.16 | 0.24b | 0.08 | 0.14 | -0.02 | 0.03 | 1.00 | - | - | - | - |
GTS-QoL-psychological | 0.30b | 0.11 | 0.21a | 0.32b | 0.26b | 0.30b | 0.15 | 0.20a | 0.07 | 0.16 | 0.64b | 1.00 | - | - | - |
GTS-QoL-cognitive impact | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.06 | 0.20a | 0.10 | 0.20a | 0.13 | 0.16 | 0.13 | 0.12 | 0.54b | 0.66b | 1.00 | - | - |
GTS-QoL-physical and ADL | 0.34b | 0.21a | 0.25b | 0.22a | 0.08 | 0.31b | 0.20a | 0.13 | 0.06 | 0.14 | 0.63b | 0.69b | 0.52b | 1.00 | - |
GTS-QoL-visual analogue scale | -0.15 | -0.09 | -0.07 | -0.26b | -0.14 | -0.26b | -0.18a | -0.16 | -0.09 | -0.04 | -0.35b | -0.50b | -0.36b | -0.37b | 1.00 |
- Citation: Hu SJ, Li Y, Yang QH, Yang K, Jun JH, Cui YH, Lei TY. Family functioning mediation in tic severity and quality of life for children with Tourette syndrome. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14(11): 1641-1651
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3206/full/v14/i11/1641.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v14.i11.1641