Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Psychiatry. Jan 19, 2025; 15(1): 98630
Published online Jan 19, 2025. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i1.98630
Social function scores and influencing factors in patients with residual depressive symptoms
Zong-Ling Liao, Xiao-Li Pu, Zhi-Yi Zheng, Jie Luo
Zong-Ling Liao, Department 1 of Psychiatry, Gele Mountain Hospital of Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing 400030, China
Xiao-Li Pu, Department of Psychology, Chongqing Jiangjin District Psychiatric Hospital, Chongqing 402260, China
Zhi-Yi Zheng, Department of Psychiatry, Chongqing Third Social Welfare Institute, Chongqing 400036, China
Jie Luo, Women and Children’s Mental Health Center, Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Population and Family Planning Research Institute, Chongqing 400020, China
Author contributions: Liao ZL and Luo J designed, researched, and wrote a paper; Pu XL and Zheng ZY designed research and conducted statistical analysis.
Institutional review board statement: This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Affiliated Hospital of the Chongqing Population and Family Planning Research Institute.
Informed consent statement: All study participants or their legal guardians provided written informed consent for the collection of personal and medical data before enrolment.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Data sharing statement: The data used in this study can be obtained from the corresponding author upon request.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement-checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement-checklist of items.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Jie Luo, MM, Chief Physician, Women and Children’s Mental Health Center, Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Population and Family Planning Research Institute, No. 5 Yanghe Second Village, Jiangbei District, Chongqing 400020, China. 13708384895@163.com
Received: September 6, 2024
Revised: October 6, 2024
Accepted: October 14, 2024
Published online: January 19, 2025
Processing time: 103 Days and 1 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

At present, the influencing factors of social function in patients with residual depressive symptoms are still unclear. Residual depressive symptoms are highly harmful, leading to low mood in patients, affecting work and interpersonal communication, increasing the risk of recurrence, and adding to the burden on families. Studying the influencing factors of their social function is of great significance.

AIM

To explore the social function score and its influencing factors in patients with residual depressive symptoms.

METHODS

This observational study surveyed patients with residual depressive symptoms (case group) and healthy patients undergoing physical examinations (control group). Participants were admitted between January 2022 and December 2023. Social functioning was assessed using the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), and scores were compared between groups. Factors influencing SDS scores in patients with residual depressive symptoms were analyzed by applying multiple linear regression while using the receiver operating characteristic curve, and these factors’ predictive efficacy on social function impairment was assessed.

RESULTS

The SDS scores of the 158 patients with depressive symptoms were 11.48 ± 3.26. Compared with the control group, the SDS scores and all items in the case group were higher. SDS scores were higher in patients with relapse, discontinuous medication, drug therapy alone, severe somatic symptoms, obvious residual symptoms, and anxiety scores ≥ 8. Disease history, medication compliance, therapy method, and residual symptoms correlated positively with SDS scores (r = 0.354, 0.414, 0.602, and 0.456, respectively). Independent influencing factors included disease history, medication compliance, therapy method, somatic symptoms, residual symptoms, and anxiety scores (P < 0.05). The areas under the curve for predicting social functional impairment using these factors were 0.713, 0.559, 0.684, 0.729, 0.668, and 0.628, respectively, with sensitivities of 79.2%, 61.8%, 76.8%, 81.7%, 63.6%, and 65.5% and specificities of 83.3%, 87.5%, 82.6%, 83.3%, 86.7%, and 92.1%, respectively.

CONCLUSION

The social function scores of patients with residual symptoms of depression are high. They are affected by disease history, medication compliance, therapy method, degree of somatic symptoms, residual symptoms, and anxiety.

Keywords: Depressive; Residual symptoms; Social function; Influence factors

Core Tip: Depression with residual symptoms can progress to relapse, and patients often experience varying degrees of social function impairment. We analyzed the social function scores of patients with residual depression symptoms and their influencing factors. We proposed relevant theories of social function impairment in patients with residual symptoms of depression by observing the status quo of the social function score and mining the influencing factors. These theories have made significant contributions to the relevant research on residual social function impairment in depression.