Case Control Study
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World J Psychiatry. Jul 19, 2022; 12(7): 915-928
Published online Jul 19, 2022. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i7.915
Predicting South Korea adolescents vulnerable to depressive disorder using Bayesian nomogram: A community-based cross-sectional study
Haewon Byeon
Haewon Byeon, Department of Medical Big Data, College of AI Convergence, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Gyeonsangnamdo, South Korea
Author contributions: Byeon H designed the study, interpreted the data, preformed the statistical analysis, and wrote the article.
Supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Funded by the Ministry of Education, No. NRF-2018R1D1A1B07041091 and No. NRF-2021S1A5A8062526.
Institutional review board statement: The study was approved by the Research Ethics Review Board of the National Youth Policy Institute (No. KCYPS-2018).
Informed consent statement: All patients gave informed consent prior to study participation.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: Technical appendix, statistical code from the corresponding author at bhwpuma@naver.com.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement—checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement—checklist of items.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Haewon Byeon, DSc, PhD, Associate Professor, Director, Department of Medical Big Data, College of AI Convergence, Inje University, No. 329 C-hall (Shineo Hall), Gimhae 50834, Gyeonsangnamdo, South Korea. bhwpuma@naver.com
Received: February 6, 2022
Peer-review started: February 6, 2022
First decision: April 18, 2022
Revised: April 20, 2022
Accepted: June 22, 2022
Article in press: June 22, 2022
Published online: July 19, 2022
Processing time: 163 Days and 1.7 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Although South Korea has developed and carried out evidence-based interventions and prevention programs to prevent depressive disorder in adolescents, the number of adolescents with depressive disorder has increased every year for the past 10 years.

AIM

To develop a nomogram based on a naïve Bayesian algorithm by using epidemiological data on adolescents in South Korea and present baseline data for screening depressive disorder in adolescents.

METHODS

Epidemiological data from 2438 subjects who completed a brief symptom inventory questionnaire were used to develop a model based on a Bayesian nomogram for predicting depressive disorder in adolescents.

RESULTS

Physical symptoms, aggression, social withdrawal, attention, satisfaction with school life, mean sleeping hours, and conversation time with parents were influential factors on depressive disorder in adolescents. Among them, physical symptoms were the most influential.

CONCLUSION

Active intervention by periodically checking the emotional state of adolescents and offering individual counseling and in-depth psychological examinations when necessary are required to mitigate depressive disorder in adolescents.

Keywords: Depressive disorder; Nomogram; Adolescents; Risk factor; Community-based cross-sectional study; Brief symptom inventory

Core Tip: The early detection and prevention of depressive disorder in adolescents is important because it not only adversely affects interpersonal relationships and academic achievement but also increases the probability of other related mental illnesses such as panic disorder. We developed a nomogram for screening depressive disorder using epidemiological data on 2438 adolescents. Physical symptoms, aggression, social withdrawal, attention, satisfaction with school life, mean sleeping hours, and conversation time with parents were influential factors on depressive disorder in adolescents.